Storage capacity of Distribution Reservoir | Mass Curve Method

Summary

This video delves into the intricacies of water supply management, focusing on balancing water demand and supply. It explains how to plot cumulative supply curves and identify periods of excess demand and supply. By using a mathematical approach, the video illustrates how to calculate balancing reservoir capacity and the importance of factoring in both excess supply and demand. The goal is to ensure that the total water supply meets daily demand, while also accommodating fluctuations in the system, with consideration for emergency storage needs.

Takeaways

• 😀 Water demand is constant at 36 million liters per day, and this demand curve is fixed for the entire day.
• 😀 The supply curve represents the actual water provided to the public, which fluctuates based on hourly distribution.
• 😀 The cumulative supply curve is created by adding the supply amounts each hour, showing how water is provided incrementally throughout the day.
• 😀 Supply is provided in hourly increments, starting from 0 to 3 million liters per hour, reaching the total 36 million liters by 8 PM.
• 😀 Gaps in the supply curve (such as from 11 AM to 2 PM) reflect periods where water is not supplied, affecting the overall balance.
• 😀 The balancing reservoir storage is determined by the maximum of excess supply and excess demand at any point in time.
• 😀 When the supply curve is below the demand curve, it indicates an excess of demand, and when it’s above, it indicates an excess of supply.
• 😀 Excess demand and excess supply are calculated by analyzing the differences between the demand and supply curves at specific intervals.
• 😀 The maximum excess demand (1.35 million liters) and excess supply (4.35 million liters) are identified during different periods.
• 😀 The balancing capacity is calculated by adding the maximum excess demand and excess supply, totaling 5.7 million liters per day.
• 😀 The balancing capacity is further supplemented by other storage types, such as breakdown storage and fire storage, to ensure consistent supply.

Q & A

What is the primary goal of the water supply and demand analysis presented in the script?

The primary goal is to analyze the supply of water throughout the day and ensure that it meets the required demand of 36 million liters per day. The analysis involves plotting cumulative supply and demand curves, determining periods of excess supply and demand, and calculating the balancing reservoir storage.

How is the cumulative supply curve constructed in the analysis?

The cumulative supply curve is constructed by starting from 0 and adding supply values incrementally. For example, the supply is provided at 3 million liters per hour starting from 5 AM until it reaches the required 36 million liters by 8 PM.

What is the concept of balancing reservoir storage in the script?

Balancing reservoir storage refers to the capacity required to store the excess supply or demand. This is determined by the maximum excess supply or excess demand at any given point in time, ensuring the reservoir can handle fluctuations in water supply and demand.

How is excess demand determined in the analysis?

Excess demand is determined by comparing the supply curve to the demand curve. When the supply curve is below the demand curve, it indicates a deficit in supply, which represents excess demand. The magnitude of the gap between the supply and demand curves at these points shows the excess demand.

How is excess supply calculated?

Excess supply is calculated when the supply curve is above the demand curve. This indicates that there is more supply than demand during that period. The gap between the supply and demand curves is used to calculate the amount of excess supply.

What is the significance of the time gaps in supply between 11 AM to 2 PM and from 2 PM to 8 PM?

The time gap between 11 AM and 2 PM represents a period where supply does not meet the demand, and therefore no supply is available. From 2 PM to 8 PM, the supply is increased to make up for the deficit, ensuring the total required 36 million liters of water are delivered by the end of the day.

What role does the breakdown storage play in the analysis?

Breakdown storage is a critical component of the balancing storage. It provides additional capacity to handle unexpected changes in demand or supply. This ensures that even during peak demand or supply shortages, there is sufficient storage to manage the system's needs.

What is the maximum excess demand and excess supply in the analysis?

The maximum excess demand in the analysis is 1.35 million liters, which occurs at a specific point where the supply curve is below the demand curve. The maximum excess supply is 4.35 million liters, occurring when the supply curve exceeds the demand curve between 8 to 9 PM.

How is the final balancing capacity determined in the analysis?

The final balancing capacity is determined by adding the maximum excess demand (1.35 million liters) to the maximum excess supply (4.35 million liters), which gives a total of 5.7 million liters. This capacity is then augmented by the breakdown storage and fire storage to ensure the system can meet all demands.

Why is it important to calculate both excess supply and excess demand in the water supply system?

Calculating both excess supply and excess demand is important to ensure that the water system can accommodate both periods of high demand and surplus supply. By understanding these fluctuations, the system can be designed with adequate storage capacity to manage any imbalances.