Quả vải Việt Nam xuất khẩu sang Nhật Bản: bảo đảm qui trình, nâng cao chất lượng | VTV4

Summary

Bac Giang, Vietnam, is the largest producer of lychees in the country, with Lục Ngạn lychees being exported to Japan for the third consecutive year. The lychees are the first Vietnamese agricultural product to receive geographical indication protection in Japan, meeting strict quality standards from cultivation to packaging. The local community has improved the growing and production processes, including using organic fertilizers and ensuring stringent quality control. Despite challenges in long-distance transportation and storage, the demand for Vietnamese lychees in Japan continues to grow, making it a key market for Bac Giang's lychee exports.

Takeaways

• 😀 Bắc Giang is the largest producer of lychee in Vietnam this year, with the Lục Ngạn region being the main area for lychee cultivation.
• 😀 This is the third year that Lục Ngạn lychee has been officially exported to Japan, marking a significant milestone for the region.
• 😀 Lục Ngạn lychee became the first Vietnamese agricultural product to be protected by a geographical indication in Japan, making it a special export product.
• 😀 To enter the demanding Japanese market, lychees must meet strict standards from cultivation to packaging, including organic fertilizers and meticulous harvest practices.
• 😀 The Lục Ngạn region has improved the quality of its lychee production areas and processes to secure a stronger foothold in Japan.
• 😀 The Bấm family, who have been exporting lychees for three years, expects to export around 48 tons of lychees to Japan this year due to the excellent quality of the fruit.
• 😀 Lychees for Japan must be harvested early in the morning to maintain freshness, and strict checks are carried out at every step, from soil testing to post-harvest sampling.
• 😀 Lục Ngạn lychees have significantly improved in quality compared to the previous year, with more uniform fruit and fewer defects like dark spots.
• 😀 The region has nearly 250 hectares of lychees dedicated specifically for export to Japan, and the entire production process is managed by businesses to ensure high standards.
• 😀 The lychees undergo rigorous processing, including washing, steam sterilization, drying, and packaging before being stored at 4°C to maintain freshness during transport to Japan.
• 😀 Japan remains the most demanding market for Vietnamese lychees, requiring strict pest control and quality assurance with no damage, pests, or diseases.
• 😀 In 2023, Lục Ngạn is expected to produce 98,000 tons of lychees, with over 43,000 tons earmarked for export to various global markets, including Japan, China, the EU, the US, and Australia.
• 😀 Despite challenges in preserving lychees during long transport times, Japan has provided technological support to improve preservation methods, helping Vietnamese exports.
• 😀 Vietnamese lychees currently account for about 10% of the Japanese lychee market, with ample room for growth, necessitating further investment in new technologies for production and preservation.

Q & A

What makes Bắc Giang the leading region in lychee production in Vietnam?

Bắc Giang is the largest producer of lychees in Vietnam, particularly known for its significant area dedicated to lychee cultivation, especially in Lục Ngạn district, which leads in both quantity and export potential.

How is Lục Ngạn's lychee export to Japan unique?

Lục Ngạn's lychee is the first Vietnamese agricultural product to be granted geographical indication protection in Japan, which is essential for entering one of the world’s most demanding markets.

What are the strict requirements for exporting lychees to Japan?

The export process to Japan involves meeting rigorous standards for cultivation, harvesting, packaging, and storage. These include ensuring minimal pesticide residue, proper sugar content, and eliminating any defects like insect damage or disease.

What steps are involved in the cultivation and harvest of lychees for export?

The process includes meticulous care with organic fertilizers, quality soil testing, and strict controls on the harvesting time to ensure that the lychees meet the specific quality standards required for export to Japan.

How does the harvest process affect the quality of the lychees?

Lychees must be harvested early in the morning to maintain freshness. This ensures that the fruit is in optimal condition for export, especially as the quality of the lychees—such as uniformity, size, and absence of defects—directly impacts their acceptance in the Japanese market.

What role do technology and quality control play in the export process?

Technology and quality control are crucial in maintaining the freshness and safety of the lychees. This includes soil testing, post-harvest treatments like washing, disinfecting, drying, and storing at a controlled temperature to meet Japan's strict import standards.

What specific post-harvest treatments are used to prepare the lychees for export?

After harvesting, the lychees are immediately transported to processing factories where they undergo washing, sterilization, drying, and packaging. They are then stored at 4°C to maintain freshness until export.

What challenges are faced in preserving lychees for export, especially to Japan?

One major challenge is the lack of advanced preservation technologies in Vietnam, which can delay the process. Additionally, the long shipping time by sea (about 20 days) further complicates maintaining the lychees' freshness during transport.

What is the current export volume of lychees from Lục Ngạn?

In 2023, Lục Ngạn is expected to export approximately 43,000 tons of lychees to various countries, including Japan, the United States, the EU, and others.

What is the significance of the export market to Japan for Vietnamese lychees?

Japan represents one of the most difficult and lucrative export markets. Vietnamese lychees, which currently account for about 10% of the Japanese market, must meet strict standards to continue maintaining and expanding their share in this competitive market.