Sistem Terdistribusi Minggu ke 3 : Proses Sistem Terdistribusi

Summary

This script delves into the key concepts of distributed systems, focusing on processes, threading, virtualization, and client-server architectures. It explains how processes are executed sequentially within a distributed system and emphasizes the importance of maintaining synchronized data across multiple devices, as exemplified by a banking system. The script also covers the differences between single-threaded and multi-threaded processes, discussing their respective advantages. Additionally, it explores virtualization as a means to simulate parallel execution, and concludes by outlining the client-server model, including the role of servers and clients in providing and requesting services across a distributed network.

Takeaways

• 😀 A process in a distributed system is a program that is being executed, consisting of components like a program counter, stack, and data section.
• 😀 In a banking system example, a centralized server ensures data consistency for transactions across multiple tellers by storing customer information centrally.
• 😀 Distributed processes involve executing tasks on a central server, which is then distributed to various computers or devices for processing.
• 😀 Threads in a system are units of execution, with single-threaded processes handling one task at a time, while multithreaded processes handle multiple tasks concurrently.
• 😀 Multithreading increases responsiveness, allows for resource sharing, and optimizes system performance, especially in multi-processor architectures.
• 😀 Virtualization allows for the simulation of parallel execution, providing the illusion that tasks are running simultaneously on a single processor or across multiple systems.
• 😀 In a client-server model, the server provides services or data, while clients request these services, typically through network communication.
• 😀 Client-server interactions can either involve direct service access or use application-independent protocols to enable multiple clients to interact with the server.
• 😀 Server clusters are groups of servers working together through a network to offer enhanced service delivery, load balancing, and fault tolerance.
• 😀 The concept of virtualization involves creating virtual interfaces on systems to emulate other systems' behavior, optimizing resource management in distributed environments.

Q & A

What is a process in the context of a distributed system?

A process is a program that is being executed, consisting of various components like the program counter, stack, and data section. It is the active execution of a program within the system.

Why is it important to manage processes in a distributed system?

In a distributed system, managing processes efficiently ensures that tasks are synchronized across different machines, preventing issues like data inconsistency and system crashes.

What is the difference between single-threaded and multi-threaded processes?

A single-threaded process executes one task at a time, while a multi-threaded process can handle multiple tasks concurrently, improving responsiveness and efficiency.

How does multi-threading benefit a distributed system?

Multi-threading enhances responsiveness by allowing multiple tasks to be processed simultaneously. It also helps in resource sharing, as threads within the same process can share memory and other resources.

What are the advantages of multi-threading in distributed systems?

The advantages include improved system responsiveness, better resource utilization (such as memory), increased efficiency, and better scalability, especially in multi-processor architectures.

What is virtualization in the context of distributed systems?

Virtualization in distributed systems refers to the abstraction of system resources, enabling multiple programs to appear as though they are running simultaneously, even on a single physical machine.

How does virtualization impact system performance?

Virtualization allows systems to run multiple programs concurrently by creating virtual environments. This improves the use of hardware resources and can optimize overall system performance by better managing workloads.

What is the role of a client in a client-server architecture?

A client is a machine or software that makes requests to a server for specific services or resources. The client provides the user interface and interacts with the server to obtain services.

What is the function of a server in a distributed system?

A server provides specific services to clients by processing their requests. It ensures that each client’s request is handled and responded to, often involving accessing data or performing computations.

What is a server cluster and how does it work in distributed systems?

A server cluster is a collection of interconnected machines that work together as a single unit. Each machine in the cluster can run one or more servers, distributing workloads and improving the overall system's scalability and reliability.