Praktikum Sel Elektrolisis Sederhana

Summary

This educational video, presented by Lee from the University of Trunojoyo Madura, demonstrates a practical electrolysis experiment using saltwater. The video guides viewers through the preparation of materials and step-by-step procedures to perform the experiment, such as sharpening pencils, preparing a saltwater solution, and setting up an electrolysis cell. The process is explained in detail, focusing on the chemical reactions at the electrodes: chlorine gas at the anode, hydrogen gas at the cathode, and sodium hydroxide in the solution. The experiment highlights the application of electrolysis in breaking down salt and water, making it an insightful learning experience.

Takeaways

• 😀 The experiment is focused on demonstrating electrolysis using a salt solution (NaCl) to break down compounds with the help of electricity.
• 😀 The procedure involves preparing materials like pencils, wires, a 9-volt battery, salt, and water for the electrolysis process.
• 😀 The first step is sharpening the pencils to make them suitable for use as electrodes in the electrolysis cell.
• 😀 Cardboard is used to support the pencils and hold them in place during the experiment.
• 😀 A saltwater solution is created by dissolving salt in water, which will serve as the electrolyte in the electrolysis process.
• 😀 The pencils are connected to crocodile clip cables that link them to the battery, setting up the electrical circuit.
• 😀 Electrolysis occurs when electricity flows through the saltwater solution, causing chemical reactions at the electrodes.
• 😀 At the anode (positive electrode), chloride ions (Cl-) are oxidized, producing chlorine gas (Cl2) as bubbles.
• 😀 At the cathode (negative electrode), hydrogen ions (H+) are reduced, forming hydrogen gas (H2) as bubbles.
• 😀 The overall chemical reaction of electrolysis results in the production of hydrogen gas, chlorine gas, and sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
• 😀 The conclusion of the experiment is that electrolysis of saltwater produces hydrogen and chlorine gases, along with sodium hydroxide, demonstrating key principles of chemical reactions in electrolysis.

Q & A

What is the purpose of this electrolytic experiment?

The purpose of the experiment is to demonstrate the process of electrolysis using a sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, allowing viewers to understand the chemical reactions that occur when electricity is passed through an electrolyte.

What are the key materials required for this experiment?

The key materials required are crocodile clip cables, two sharpened pencils (acting as electrodes), a 9V battery, salt, water, a piece of cardboard with holes, scissors, and a plastic cup.

Why are pencils used as electrodes in this experiment?

Pencils are used because they contain graphite, which is a good conductor of electricity. Graphite allows the current to flow through the electrolyte, enabling the electrolysis process.

What is the role of the salt in the experiment?

The salt (NaCl) dissolves in water to form an electrolyte solution that allows the electric current to pass through. The salt dissociates into ions, which participate in the chemical reactions at the electrodes during electrolysis.

What chemical reactions occur at the anode and cathode during electrolysis?

At the anode (positive electrode), chloride ions (Cl⁻) are oxidized to form chlorine gas (Cl₂). At the cathode (negative electrode), water molecules (H₂O) are reduced to form hydrogen gas (H₂) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻).

What is the product formed at the anode?

At the anode, chlorine gas (Cl₂) is produced through the oxidation of chloride ions (Cl⁻). This is seen as the formation of bubbles at the electrode.

What is the product formed at the cathode?

At the cathode, hydrogen gas (H₂) is produced through the reduction of water molecules (H₂O). This is seen as bubbles forming at the electrode.

What happens to the sodium (Na) and hydroxide (OH) ions in the solution?

The sodium ions (Na⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻) combine to form sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in the solution. Sodium hydroxide is a strong base.

Why do bubbles form around the electrodes during electrolysis?

Bubbles form around the electrodes because of the gas released during the chemical reactions. Chlorine gas forms at the anode, and hydrogen gas forms at the cathode.

What is the overall chemical equation for this electrolysis reaction?

The overall chemical equation for the electrolysis of a sodium chloride solution is: 2NaCl + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂ + Cl₂. This shows the decomposition of sodium chloride and water into sodium hydroxide, hydrogen gas, and chlorine gas.