Satsuki Mishima dan Laksamada Maeda, 2 Orang Jepang yang Berjasa Bantu Proklamasi Kemerdekaan RI

Summary

The script delves into the fascinating history behind the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, focusing on key figures such as Soekarno, Hatta, and Japanese officials like Admiral Tadashi Maeda and Satsuki Mishima. It explores the crucial role played by Maeda's house in the drafting of the declaration, the negotiations that led to Soekarno and Hatta’s release, and the involvement of Mishima in logistical support, including procuring a typewriter to type the final text. It also highlights the sacrifices and challenges faced by the Japanese figures who supported the Indonesian independence movement, even enduring imprisonment and harsh treatment after the war.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Indonesian Proclamation of Independence was drafted with contributions from multiple key figures, including Sukarno, Hatta, Ahmad Soebardjo, and several young Indonesian leaders.
• 😀 Two Japanese figures, Laksamana Muda Tadashi Maeda and Satsuki Mishima, played significant roles in the formulation of the Proclamation text, despite being Japanese nationals.
• 😀 The draft of the Proclamation was written at Laksamana Maeda's residence on Jalan Imam Bonjol, Jakarta, which was strategically located to avoid interference from the Japanese Army.
• 😀 On August 16, 1945, Sukarno and Hatta were temporarily detained in Rengasdengklok, West Java, by Soekarni Kartowiryo and a group of youth, which later led to discussions for Indonesia's independence announcement.
• 😀 Ahmad Soebardjo was instrumental in facilitating the release of Sukarno and Hatta, and negotiating with the youth group to declare independence without Japanese assistance.
• 😀 Laksamana Maeda's house was chosen as the venue for drafting the Proclamation due to its location under the control of the Japanese Navy, making it more secure from interference by the Japanese Army.
• 😀 Despite the military tension and risks, Soebardjo, Sukarno, and Hatta received permission from Maeda to use his house for the preparations of the independence declaration.
• 😀 After the declaration was made, Laksamana Maeda faced serious consequences from the Japanese for allowing his house to be used in the formulation of the Proclamation, including imprisonment by the Dutch upon their return to Indonesia in September 1945.
• 😀 Satsuki Mishima, Maeda's secretary, played a crucial supporting role, including cooking meals for the individuals involved in drafting the Proclamation and assisting with practical tasks like borrowing a typewriter from the German Consulate for the Proclamation's final typing.
• 😀 Mishima also prepared a meal of fried rice and other dishes for the Proclamation authors, and despite Sukarno's illness (malaria), the team worked late into the night to finalize the declaration.
• 😀 The involvement of Maeda and Mishima in the Indonesian independence movement is a testament to the complex roles played by Japanese individuals during this pivotal period in Indonesian history.

Q & A

Who were the two Japanese figures involved in the drafting of Indonesia's Proclamation of Independence?

The two Japanese figures involved were Admiral Tadashi Maeda and Satsuki Mishima.

Why was Admiral Maeda's house chosen as the location for the preparation of the Proclamation?

Maeda's house was chosen because it was located in a Japanese naval area, making it less accessible to the Japanese Army, ensuring no interference during the preparations.

What role did Ahmad Soebardjo play in the events surrounding the Proclamation of Independence?

Ahmad Soebardjo played a key role in negotiating the release of Soekarno and Hatta from captivity in Rengasdengklok and facilitated their return to Jakarta for the Proclamation preparations.

What happened to Admiral Maeda after the Proclamation was read?

Admiral Maeda was arrested by the British in September 1945, tortured to confess that Indonesia was a Japanese creation, and later returned to Japan where he resigned from the Japanese Navy.

How did Satsuki Mishima contribute to the preparation of the Proclamation?

Satsuki Mishima was involved in preparing the meals for the people drafting the Proclamation and also helped by borrowing a typewriter from the German consulate, which was used to type the Proclamation text.

What was significant about the date 16 August 1945 in the context of Indonesia's independence?

On 16 August 1945, Soekarno and Hatta were moved to Rengasdengklok, and later that evening, the preparation for the Proclamation took place at Admiral Maeda's house.

How did the Japanese military react to Soekarno and Hatta’s involvement in the independence movement?

The Japanese military, represented by Major General Nishimura, was initially unsupportive and dismissed the idea of granting independence, stating that circumstances had changed.

What meal did Satsuki Mishima prepare for the individuals involved in drafting the Proclamation?

Satsuki Mishima prepared a sahur meal consisting of bread, eggs, and sardines for the drafters of the Proclamation on the night before Indonesia's independence was declared.

What was the role of the typewriter in the preparation of the Proclamation?

The typewriter borrowed by Satsuki Mishima from the German consulate was used by Sayuti Melik to type the final draft of the Proclamation of Independence.

What health issue did Soekarno face during the preparation of the Proclamation?

Soekarno was suffering from a high fever due to malaria on the night of 16 August 1945 but continued to work on the Proclamation despite his illness.