TSE - Administração Geral e Pública - Gestão por Resultados

Summary

This video script explores the evolution of public administration models, focusing on the shift from bureaucratic systems to managerial models. It discusses how public service management has been shaped by economic crises, privatization, and the rise of New Public Management (NPM), emphasizing efficiency, accountability, and citizen-focused services. The script highlights the progression from rigid bureaucratic structures to more dynamic, result-oriented approaches, with an increasing focus on citizens as both clients and stakeholders in governance. Ultimately, it traces the development of public administration reforms in Brazil, particularly in the 1990s and 2000s, showcasing the shift towards transparency and civic engagement.

Takeaways

• 😀 The managerial model of public administration is focused on increasing efficiency by applying private-sector management practices to the public sector.
• 😀 The evolution of the public administration model includes transitioning from bureaucratic, slow, and inefficient systems to a more agile, result-oriented approach.
• 😀 The New Public Management (NPM) model seeks to de-bureaucratize public administration, focusing on outcomes rather than processes.
• 😀 A key feature of the managerial model is the reduction of the state's role in direct service provision, focusing instead on regulation and oversight.
• 😀 The introduction of concepts like privatization and the creation of regulatory agencies, such as Anatel and Aneel, reflect the shift from state-executed services to private-sector execution with state oversight.
• 😀 The managerial model emphasizes flexibility, autonomy, and decentralization in contrast to the rigid, centralized nature of bureaucratic systems.
• 😀 Public servants in the managerial model are valued based on performance and continuous development, with a focus on results and outcomes rather than seniority.
• 😀 The managerial model promotes the use of performance indicators to measure efficiency, effectiveness, and impact, with a focus on results rather than processes.
• 😀 There are three phases in the evolution of the managerial model: the initial neoliberal approach (focused on cost reduction), the consumerism phase (focused on the quality of service), and the citizen-centered phase (emphasizing equity, accountability, and transparency).
• 😀 In the citizen-centered phase, citizens are seen not just as clients but as owners of the public sector, with a focus on ensuring transparency and accountability in government actions.

Q & A

What was the main issue with bureaucratic states before the rise of the managerial model?

Bureaucratic states were large, expensive, and inefficient. The public administration was slow, focused more on internal processes than on the needs of the population, and was often self-referential rather than client-centered.

Why did the managerial model emerge in public administration?

The managerial model emerged due to the fiscal crises of the 1970s, where countries faced financial constraints and could no longer afford inefficient public services. It aimed to make public administration more efficient by adopting private sector practices.

What is the core idea behind the term 'New Public Management'?

New Public Management refers to the adoption of private sector management techniques in public administration to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and focus on results rather than processes.

How does the managerial model differ from the bureaucratic model in terms of control?

In the bureaucratic model, control is focused on processes (a priori control), whereas the managerial model focuses on results and outcomes, with control being based on the post-result assessment (a posteriori control).

What does 'downsizing' mean in the context of public administration?

Downsizing refers to reducing the size of the public administration, typically by cutting unnecessary roles or reducing hierarchical levels, to make the system more agile and efficient.

How does the managerial model treat citizens compared to the bureaucratic model?

The managerial model views citizens as active stakeholders or clients whose needs should be met efficiently, in contrast to the bureaucratic model, where citizens were largely seen as passive subjects of public administration.

What role do 'agencies' play in the managerial model?

In the managerial model, agencies like ANATEL (telecommunications) and ANEEL (electricity) are established to regulate privatized sectors. These agencies ensure that the public sector continues to oversee and ensure quality without directly managing services.

What is the significance of 'contractualization' in the managerial model?

Contractualization refers to agreements where the public sector outsources certain services to private or other public organizations through contracts. These contracts include specific goals and performance metrics, creating a results-based management approach.

How did the 'consumerism' phase change the public administration model?

The 'consumerism' phase shifted the focus of public administration towards treating citizens as clients, emphasizing quality, competition, and accountability in service delivery, rather than just cost-cutting and efficiency.

What is the key difference between 'consumerism' and 'citizenship' in the public administration model?

While 'consumerism' views citizens as clients who should receive good service, 'citizenship' emphasizes that citizens are active owners of the public sector, with rights and responsibilities, not just passive recipients of services.