Kenapa Ada 2 Negara Di Pulau Sebatik?

Summary

Pulau Sebatik, located on the eastern coast of Kalimantan, Indonesia, is a unique border island shared by Indonesia and Malaysia. The island, with an area of 452.16 km² and a population of approximately 72,000, is divided into two parts due to historical colonial borders set during the British and Dutch colonial rule. These borders were formalized in the 1891 London Convention. Despite this, disputes over the exact coordinates continue, as historical border markers have disappeared, leading to ongoing negotiations between the two countries. The video explores the history, challenges, and current status of this cross-border island.

Takeaways

• 😀 Pulau Sebatik is an outermost island of Indonesia located off the eastern coast of Kalimantan Island.
• 😀 The island spans an area of about 452.16 km² and has a population of approximately 72,000 people.
• 😀 Pulau Sebatik is divided into two regions: the southern part belongs to Indonesia, while the northern part is part of Malaysia.
• 😀 The division of Pulau Sebatik into two regions dates back to colonial times when the Netherlands and Britain governed the territories.
• 😀 The boundary between Indonesia and Malaysia on Pulau Sebatik was established through the 1824 agreement between the Netherlands and Britain.
• 😀 The 1891 London Convention formalized the land border on Pulau Sebatik, determining the boundary at the 4°10'N latitude.
• 😀 The treaty and border markings established during colonial rule were later adopted by Indonesia and Malaysia after gaining independence.
• 😀 The border between Indonesia and Malaysia on Pulau Sebatik remains a subject of negotiation due to discrepancies in mapping coordinates.
• 😀 Some of the boundary markers installed by the Dutch and British have disappeared, adding complexity to the current border situation.
• 😀 Differences in mapping technologies between the past and present have led to conflicting coordinates for the Pulau Sebatik boundary.

Q & A

What is Pulau Sebatik?

Pulau Sebatik is an outer island of Indonesia located on the eastern coast of Kalimantan, which is near Malaysia. It covers an area of about 452.16 km² and has a population of around 72,000 people.

How is Pulau Sebatik divided between Indonesia and Malaysia?

The island is divided into two parts by a straight line down the middle. The southern part belongs to Indonesia, while the northern part belongs to Malaysia.

Why is Pulau Sebatik divided between Indonesia and Malaysia?

The division of Pulau Sebatik dates back to the colonial period, when the Dutch and British empires established their respective territories. This boundary was formalized through various treaties, including the London Convention in 1891.

What was the role of the 1824 agreement between the Dutch and the British in the division of Pulau Sebatik?

The 1824 agreement between the Dutch and the British outlined their spheres of influence over the Malay Archipelago. This agreement became the basis for the later division of territories, including Pulau Sebatik.

What was the London Convention of 1891?

The London Convention of 1891 was a meeting between the Netherlands and Britain where they established the land borders on Pulau Sebatik. This convention determined the boundary at 4°10’ N latitude.

What is the principle of *uti possidetis juris* and how did it affect the boundary of Pulau Sebatik?

*Uti possidetis juris* is a principle that states that the borders of newly independent states should follow the boundaries that existed during colonial rule. This principle influenced the adoption of the 1891 boundary agreement by Indonesia and Malaysia after they gained independence.

How has modern technology impacted the mapping of the border on Pulau Sebatik?

Modern mapping technologies have revealed discrepancies in the coordinates of the original border, which were established using older methods. These discrepancies are a source of ongoing negotiations between Indonesia and Malaysia.

What is the current status of the border dispute between Indonesia and Malaysia on Pulau Sebatik?

The border dispute is ongoing, with disagreements over the exact coordinates due to technological differences between historical mapping methods and modern tools. Additionally, some boundary markers placed by the colonial powers are no longer in place.

Why are some of the boundary markers no longer in place on Pulau Sebatik?

Some of the boundary markers placed during colonial times by the Dutch and British have disappeared or been displaced, making it difficult to definitively determine the exact border between Indonesia and Malaysia.

How did the colonial powers' agreements shape the modern-day borders of Indonesia and Malaysia?

The agreements made between colonial powers, such as the 1824 agreement and the 1891 London Convention, set the foundation for the modern-day borders of Indonesia and Malaysia. These agreements were later adopted by both countries after gaining independence.