KUNCI JAWABAN IPA KELAS 8 BAB 6 AYO BANDINGKAN AKTIVITAS 6.2 HALAMAN 177 KURIKULUM MERDEKA

Summary

This video explores the fascinating Kola Super Deep Borehole, the deepest artificial hole ever drilled into the Earth. It compares the borehole's depth to the Mariana Trench, the world's deepest mine, and Mount Everest. The video delves into key discoveries made during the drilling, such as the absence of a basal layer at 7 km, unexpected water at depths of 3-6 km, ancient microorganism fossils, and surprising levels of hydrogen gas. Despite not reaching its intended depth, the Kola Borehole has contributed significantly to understanding the Earth's crust and geological processes.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video discusses the answers to an 8th-grade IPA (science) assignment, focusing on the comparison activity 6.2 from the Merdeka Curriculum.
• 😀 The main task is to compare the depth of the Kola Superdeep Borehole with various other extreme depths, including the Mariana Trench and Mount Everest.
• 😀 The Kola Superdeep Borehole is 1.4 km deeper than the Mariana Trench, the world's deepest ocean trench.
• 😀 The Kola Superdeep Borehole is also 3.4 km deeper than Mount Everest, and if placed vertically, its length would exceed Everest's height by 15 times.
• 😀 The Kola project is a remarkable human achievement, providing insights into the Earth's crust despite not reaching the planet's full depth, which can range from 30 to 70 km.
• 😀 The borehole provided several unexpected scientific findings, such as the absence of a basal layer at 7 km depth, where scientists had anticipated it.
• 😀 Water was discovered trapped in granite at depths of 3-6 km, challenging prior assumptions about water's ability to survive under such extreme conditions.
• 😀 Fossilized microorganisms, specifically plankton from 2.7 billion years ago, were found at a depth of 6.7 km, suggesting ancient life deep within the Earth.
• 😀 Hydrogen gas was found in large amounts during drilling, indicating complex chemical activity in the Earth's crust.
• 😀 Higher-than-expected temperatures were encountered during drilling, reaching up to 180°C at 12.2 km depth, which made further drilling more difficult.
• 😀 Valuable metals, including gold, copper, and nickel, were discovered in certain layers, contributing to our understanding of mineral distribution in the Earth's crust.

Q & A

What is the significance of the Kola Superdeep Borehole project?

The Kola Superdeep Borehole project is significant because it represents the deepest man-made hole on Earth, reaching a depth of 12 km, allowing scientists to study the Earth's crust and uncover unexpected geological findings.

How does the depth of the Kola Superdeep Borehole compare to the Mariana Trench?

The Kola Superdeep Borehole is about 1.4 km deeper than the Mariana Trench, which is the deepest point in the Earth's oceans at 10.9 km.

What is the comparison between the Kola Borehole and the Deepest Gold Mine?

The Kola Borehole is nearly three times deeper than the world's deepest gold mine, which is located in South Africa.

How does the Kola Borehole compare to Mount Everest?

The Kola Borehole is 3.4 km deeper than Mount Everest’s height, and if Mount Everest were stacked vertically 15 times, it would still not match the depth of the Kola Borehole.

What is the main takeaway from comparing the Kola Borehole to these structures?

The comparison shows that while human technology has achieved remarkable depths, it is still far from reaching the full depth of the Earth's crust, which ranges from 30 to 70 km.

What was one of the most surprising findings at the Kola Superdeep Borehole?

One of the most surprising findings was the discovery of water at depths between 3 and 6 km, which contradicted prior beliefs that water could not survive at such high pressures and temperatures.

What did scientists expect to find at around 7 km depth in the Kola Borehole?

Scientists expected to find a transition from granite to basalt at 7 km depth, but instead, they discovered that granite continued much deeper without the anticipated basalt layer.

What kind of fossils were found during the drilling of the Kola Borehole?

Fossils of microscopic plankton, dating back about 2.7 billion years, were discovered at around 6.7 km depth, indicating that life existed far deeper than previously believed.

What chemical phenomena were observed during the drilling process?

A significant amount of hydrogen gas was found in the drilling mud, which caused it to bubble, suggesting that complex chemical processes are occurring within the Earth's crust.

What was the temperature at the deepest point of the Kola Borehole, and why is it significant?

At a depth of 12.2 km, the temperature reached around 180°C, much higher than expected, which made the rock more plastic and complicated the drilling process.