Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pengambilan Keputusan

Summary

This video discusses the factors influencing decision-making, including psychological, emotional, and organizational aspects. Key experts like John DeMille and George R. Terry are referenced, highlighting elements such as gender differences, the decision-maker’s role, time constraints, and institutional dynamics. The script also explores how internal factors like organizational resources and external conditions like economic or political situations affect decisions. The importance of information availability, personal attributes, and organizational goals in shaping decisions is also emphasized. Overall, it provides a comprehensive analysis of the diverse influences on decision-making within various contexts.

Takeaways

• 😀 Gender plays a role in decision-making: Men tend to prioritize rationality, while women often rely more on emotions when making decisions.
• 😀 The role of the decision-maker matters: A director's decision-making process differs from that of a manager or a supervisor, as directors are less concerned with whether their decisions will be accepted by subordinates.
• 😀 Personal ability impacts decisions: Individuals with different skill sets or intellectual abilities will approach decision-making differently.
• 😀 Time availability influences decision-making: Decision-makers with more time tend to make more comprehensive decisions, whereas those with limited time may act hastily.
• 😀 Practicality is a factor: Managers often consider whether a decision can be easily implemented before making it.
• 😀 Institutional constraints affect decisions: The official status of decisions within an organization affects how they are made and enforced.
• 😀 Future activities are considered: Decision-makers evaluate how their choices will impact future actions or operations.
• 😀 Emotional and rational factors matter: Physical conditions (like health) and emotional states (like happiness or sadness) can influence decision-making processes.
• 😀 Organizational goals guide decisions: Decision-makers must ensure their choices align with the organization's vision, mission, and goals.
• 😀 Availability of resources and information is crucial: Well-equipped organizations with sufficient information can make more informed and better-quality decisions.

Q & A

What are some key factors that influence decision-making, according to John DiMille?

John DiMille identifies several factors influencing decision-making: gender (with men typically prioritizing rationality and women focusing more on emotions), the role of the decision-maker (such as the difference between a director and a supervisor), individual limitations, the time available for decision-making, practicality, institutional support, and the consideration of subsequent activities that may be affected by the decision.

How does gender affect decision-making according to the script?

The script suggests that gender can influence decision-making in that men generally lean toward rational decision-making, while women are more inclined to base decisions on emotional considerations.

What impact does a person's role within an organization have on decision-making?

The role of a person, such as being a director versus a supervisor, affects how decisions are made. A director may make decisions more freely, without worrying about approval from subordinates, whereas a supervisor may consider how their decision will be accepted by their superiors or peers.

How does time availability influence decision-making?

According to the script, when decision-makers have more time, they tend to make more thoughtful and comprehensive decisions, gathering and analyzing information before deciding. In contrast, individuals with limited time may rush their decisions, potentially leading to less optimal outcomes.

What is the role of practicality in decision-making?

Practicality plays a role in decision-making by influencing whether a decision can be easily implemented. Decision-makers often weigh the ease of applying the decision when making their choice, particularly in managerial roles.

How do emotional and rational factors contribute to decision-making according to George R. Terry?

George R. Terry highlights that both emotional and rational factors influence decision-making. For instance, a person who is physically unwell or emotionally distressed may make different decisions than someone who is healthy and calm.

What is the relationship between an organization's goals and decision-making?

Organizational goals are crucial in decision-making. Leaders must ensure that their decisions align with the organization's vision and mission. Decisions should contribute to achieving the long-term objectives of the organization, whether it is a profit-driven business or a non-profit entity.

How do available alternatives affect decision-making quality?

The availability of multiple alternatives enhances decision-making. When decision-makers have several options to choose from, they can analyze each one and select the most optimal choice. A decision with fewer alternatives may be less comprehensive.

What is the impact of organizational resources on decision-making?

Resources, such as available funds and human capital, significantly affect decision-making. For example, organizations with more financial resources can afford to make riskier or higher-cost decisions, whereas those with limited resources must consider more cost-effective options.

How does external environmental context affect decision-making?

External factors, such as the economy, political climate, legal considerations, and cultural norms, can heavily influence decision-making. For instance, companies in politically unstable regions may hesitate to expand operations or make significant investments due to uncertainty.