STUDY OF COMPOUND :NITRIC ACID in 25 Min | Complete Chapter | Class10 ICSE CHEMISTRY

Summary

This video delves into the diverse uses and reactions of Nitric Acid (HNO₃) in chemistry. It covers its role in purifying gold, creating designs on copper and brass, preparing fertilizers, and dissolving metals like platinum through aqua regia. The video also explores tests for nitric acid presence, including the formation of brown fumes when heated and reactions with metals like copper. The session concludes with an introduction to the upcoming lecture on sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), leaving viewers intrigued about future chemical explorations.

Takeaways

• 😀 Nitric acid (HNO3) is used in the design process on copper and brass materials, often for engraving or creating patterns.
• 😀 Nitric acid plays a key role in purifying gold by dissolving impurities like copper, helping in gold refinement.
• 😀 It is used in the preparation of fertilizers, such as calcium nitrate and ammonium nitrate, which are essential for agriculture.
• 😀 Aqua regia, a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, is used to dissolve noble metals like gold and platinum.
• 😀 Nitric acid is involved in the production of materials like silk, nylon, plastics, and photographic films.
• 😀 When heated, concentrated nitric acid decomposes and releases brown nitrogen dioxide (NO2) fumes, confirming its presence.
• 😀 Adding copper to nitric acid results in copper nitrate formation, along with NO2 fumes, which further confirms the presence of nitric acid.
• 😀 The decomposition of metallic nitrates produces NO2 fumes and oxygen, which are characteristic of nitric acid reactions.
• 😀 Nitric acid is a key component in many industrial and chemical applications, including the creation of various chemical products and materials.
• 😀 The script emphasizes understanding chemical reactions and conducting tests to confirm the presence of nitric acid or nitrate ions in substances.

Q & A

What are the primary uses of nitric acid (HNO₃)?

Nitric acid is primarily used for designing on copper and brass items, purifying gold, preparing fertilizers like calcium nitrate and ammonium nitrate, creating Aqua Regia (a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid), and in manufacturing materials like silk, nylon, plastics, and photographic films.

Why is nitric acid used for designing on copper and brass wares?

Nitric acid is used for making designs on copper and brass because it can help dissolve impurities and create intricate patterns on the surface of these metals.

How does nitric acid contribute to the purification of gold?

Nitric acid dissolves impurities like copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and other metals in gold, leaving behind pure gold after the dissolved metals are separated.

What fertilizers are produced using nitric acid?

Nitric acid is used to prepare fertilizers such as calcium nitrate and ammonium nitrate.

What is Aqua Regia, and why is nitric acid used to make it?

Aqua Regia is a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid that is capable of dissolving metals like gold and platinum, which are resistant to most acids. Nitric acid is used to create this powerful solution.

What are some materials made using nitric acid?

Nitric acid is used in the production of materials like silk, nylon, plastics, and photographic films.

What happens when concentrated nitric acid is heated?

When concentrated nitric acid is heated, it undergoes a decomposition reaction that produces brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and releases oxygen.

What do brown fumes indicate in a reaction with nitric acid?

The appearance of brown fumes, mainly nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), indicates the presence of nitric acid or nitrate compounds during a reaction, confirming that nitric acid is involved.

What is produced when copper is added to nitric acid?

When copper is added to nitric acid, it forms copper nitrate, produces brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and releases water.

What will the next class lecture focus on?

The next lecture will focus on dealing with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), particularly its properties and uses, as part of a one-shot explanation.