Fiqih 023: Fiqih Shalat Ied - Ustadz Amir As-Soronji, Lc., M.Pd.I.

Summary

This video script offers a detailed explanation of the Islamic practices surrounding the Eid prayers (Salat Idul Fitri and Idul Adha). It discusses the significance, the Sunnah (traditions) of the Prophet Muhammad, and various rulings regarding the prayer's performance, including the involvement of women, the importance of specific rituals, and the time frame for its performance. Additionally, the script covers the rules for Takbir (the declaration of God's greatness) and the importance of listening to the khutbah (sermon) after the Eid prayer, as well as the practices before and after the prayer, like wearing the best clothes and eating dates before Salat Idul Fitri.

Takeaways

• 😀 The importance of Salat Eid (Idul Fitri and Idul Adha) as a mandatory practice for every Muslim is emphasized, supported by strong evidence from Hadith and scholarly opinions.
• 😀 Women, including those menstruating, are encouraged to attend the Eid prayers and experience the goodness and supplications of the community, although menstruating women should stay away from the prayer grounds.
• 😀 The time for performing the Eid prayers is from sunrise until just before midday, and it is recommended to perform the prayer in an open field.
• 😀 It is highly recommended to eat odd-numbered dates before performing the Eid al-Fitr prayer, as done by the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
• 😀 Performing ablution and wearing fine clothes are highly recommended on Eid, along with using perfume, based on the practices of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
• 😀 The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) used to take different routes to and from the Eid prayer location, which is considered a Sunnah practice.
• 😀 The Eid prayer consists of two rakats, with a specific number of takbirs (Allahu Akbar) performed during each rakat. The hands should be raised during each takbir.
• 😀 There is a difference of opinion among scholars about raising hands during takbirs in the Eid prayer, with some supporting this practice and others rejecting it based on available Hadith.
• 😀 There is no Adhan (call to prayer) or Iqamah (second call) during the Eid prayer, which is a unique feature of this prayer.
• 😀 Listening to the Eid sermon (khutbah) after the prayer is not obligatory, but it is encouraged to stay and benefit from the sermon unless there is a pressing need to leave.

Q & A

What is the importance of Salat Idul Fitri and Idul Adha in Islam?

Salat Idul Fitri and Idul Adha are considered mandatory (fardhu ain) for all Muslims. They are significant religious observances that symbolize key Islamic values and unity within the Muslim community. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) emphasized their importance by instructing both men and women to participate, even those who are menstruating, with the exception of avoiding the prayer ground.

What is the ruling on women who are menstruating regarding Salat Idul Fitri and Idul Adha?

Women who are menstruating are not required to pray at the prayer ground during Salat Idul Fitri and Idul Adha. However, they are still encouraged to attend the prayer gatherings to witness the blessings and supplications of the community.

What is the rationale behind the obligation of Salat Idul Fitri and Idul Adha as fardhu ain?

The rationale is rooted in the fact that Salat Idul Fitri and Idul Adha are central to the Islamic community as major religious symbols. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) ordered everyone, regardless of gender or age, to attend these prayers. This obligation is also supported by several hadiths that emphasize their communal and individual importance.

What is the ideal time for performing Salat Idul Fitri and Idul Adha?

The ideal time for performing Salat Idul Fitri and Idul Adha is from sunrise until the sun reaches its zenith, which is when it is high enough in the sky. It is important that these prayers are performed early in the day, allowing time for other rituals like the sacrifice (qurban) or the payment of zakat al-fitr.

What is the significance of the Takbir in Salat Idul Fitri and Idul Adha?

Takbir is an essential part of Salat Idul Fitri and Idul Adha. The prayer involves a series of Takbirs (saying 'Allahu Akbar'), which marks the beginning of the prayer and indicates submission to Allah. During the prayer, there is an additional set of Takbirs, symbolizing the magnification of Allah's greatness.

What is the Sunnah related to eating dates before Salat Idul Fitri?

It is a Sunnah to eat an odd number of dates before performing Salat Idul Fitri. This practice is based on the tradition of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), who would eat a few dates before going to the prayer ground on the day of Eid.

What does the Prophet Muhammad's practice of wearing fine clothing on Eid signify?

The practice of wearing fine clothing on Eid is a way to celebrate the festive occasion, showing respect for the significance of the day. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) would wear his best clothes to mark the importance of the celebration, and this is encouraged among Muslims.

Why is it recommended to take different routes when going to and returning from the Eid prayer ground?

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) would take different routes to and from the prayer ground as a sign of gratitude and to maximize the blessings of the day. This practice is recommended as it reflects the desire for Allah's mercy and blessings to reach the believer through every step of their journey.

Is the khutbah (sermon) after Salat Idul Fitri and Idul Adha mandatory for the attendees?

No, the khutbah after Salat Idul Fitri and Idul Adha is not mandatory for the attendees. It is optional whether individuals choose to stay and listen or leave. However, it is encouraged for Muslims to listen to the khutbah as it contains important religious reminders and teachings.

What are the differences between Takbir Muthlaq and Takbir Muqayyad?

Takbir Muthlaq refers to the unrestricted Takbir, which is recited during the nights of Eid and the first ten days of Dzulhijjah. Takbir Muqayyad is the restricted Takbir, which is recited after obligatory prayers during specific times, such as the days of Tashriq following the Eid prayers. Both types of Takbir help to maintain the remembrance of Allah.