Origen del cine

Summary

This video takes us on a journey through the origins of cinema, from ancient cave paintings to the groundbreaking inventions of the 19th century. It highlights early efforts to capture movement, including the first photographs and devices like the zoopraxiscopio. It explores the scientific discoveries behind the illusion of motion, such as Roget's 'persistence of vision,' and tracks the evolution of photographic technology. The video culminates with the Lumière brothers' invention of the cinematograph in 1895, marking the birth of modern cinema and setting the stage for the entertainment industry as we know it today.

Takeaways

• 😀 Early humans used cave paintings, like those in Altamira, to represent dynamic motion, laying the groundwork for cinematic concepts.
• 😀 Artists such as Giotto and El Greco created sequential imagery, using panels and scenes to tell stories, resembling the cinematic language of today.
• 😀 Shadow puppetry and shadow theater used moving hand shadows, advancing the idea of motion through visual art.
• 😀 The 'magic lantern' projected images using oil-powered light, adding a supernatural dimension to early visual technology.
• 😀 Photography emerged in the 19th century, with Niépce's first photograph and Daguerre's improved daguerreotype, setting the stage for motion pictures.
• 😀 The concept of 'persistence of vision' by Peter Mark Roget in 1824 proved that rapid sequences of still images could appear as continuous motion.
• 😀 Inventions like the phenakistoscope, zoetrope, and stroboscope helped experiment with creating motion through successive still images.
• 😀 Chronophotography, introduced by Marey in 1874, studied the movement of animals, advancing the understanding of motion capture.
• 😀 Muybridge's famous study of a galloping horse led to the zoopraxoscope, which projected motion, marking a key step in the development of film.
• 😀 Thomas Edison contributed by creating the kinetoscope and introducing celluloid film, revolutionizing the process of filming and displaying images.
• 😀 The Lumière brothers' invention of the cinematograph in 1895 allowed for both filming and projecting images, making cinema accessible to a wider audience.

Q & A

What is the earliest known example of representing movement in art?

The earliest known example is the cave paintings in Altamira, where the artist depicted a boar with eight legs to capture its movement, demonstrating a primitive attempt at representing dynamic motion.

How did early art contribute to the development of cinema?

Early art forms, such as cave paintings and medieval works like Giotto's depictions of Christ's life, used techniques that hinted at cinematic language, like showing sequential scenes to narrate a story.

What role did shadow plays play in the development of cinema?

Shadow plays, which used shadows cast by hands or objects to create movement, were an important precursor to cinema, providing a basic understanding of how to manipulate light and images to create the illusion of motion.

What was the significance of the 'magic lantern' in the history of cinema?

The 'magic lantern,' an early projection device that used light from an oil lamp, played a critical role in the development of cinema by projecting images, laying the groundwork for later cinematic projection technologies.

Who was the first person to create the concept of photographic motion?

The first person to develop the concept of photographic motion was Muybridge, who is famous for his study of a horse in motion, commissioned to settle a bet about whether all four of a horse's hooves leave the ground while galloping.

What was the role of the 'zoopraxiscope' in cinema history?

Muybridge's invention of the 'zoopraxiscope' was a significant development in creating the illusion of motion by projecting sequential photographs onto a screen, further pushing the idea of motion pictures.

How did the 'persistence of vision' theory contribute to the development of cinema?

The theory of 'persistence of vision,' established by Roget in 1824, demonstrated that a rapid succession of still images, when shown quickly enough, would be perceived as continuous motion. This principle became the foundation for motion pictures.

How did the invention of the photographic rifle by Marey contribute to the study of movement?

Marey’s photographic rifle, created in 1882, allowed for the capture of a sequence of images of an object in motion, enabling a deeper understanding of how animals, and later humans, move.

What was Edison’s contribution to the creation of cinema?

Edison’s major contribution to cinema was the invention of the motion picture filmstrip made of celluloid, which had perforations to help the film advance smoothly. He also created the kinetoscope, a device that allowed a single viewer to watch moving images.

Who is credited with the final creation of cinema as we know it today?

The Lumière brothers are credited with synthesizing all the advancements in motion picture technology. They developed the 'cinematograph,' a device capable of both filming and projecting moving images, marking the birth of modern cinema.