KWN 4

Summary

The video script discusses the importance of national identity and unity for Indonesia's independence. It highlights the challenges of maintaining unity amidst diversity, referencing historical events like the Madiun rebellion and the establishment of the Negara Islam Indonesia. The speaker emphasizes the need for integration and awareness of the nation's foundation, Pancasila, to uphold the Republic of Indonesia's unity and sovereignty, as symbolized by the Bhinneka Tunggal Ika concept. The script also touches on regional issues like Papua's desire for independence and the complexities surrounding Irian Barat, urging students to understand and safeguard the nation's integrity.

Takeaways

• 🗣️ The discussion emphasizes the importance of maintaining national identity and unity amidst diversity.
• 🌟 The concept of 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' (Unity in Diversity) is highlighted as a foundational aspect of Indonesian identity.
• ⚔️ Historical instances of disintegration attempts, such as the Madiun Uprising in 1948 and the establishment of the Negara Islam Indonesia (NII), are mentioned to illustrate challenges to unity.
• 🤝 The script discusses the necessity of integration for the Indonesian nation, created by leaders who fostered a collective understanding of identity.
• 🏰 The potential for disintegration is acknowledged, with historical references to movements that aimed to challenge the unity of the nation.
• 📜 The Pancasila is presented as the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, a unifying principle that must be upheld.
• 🔄 The script mentions the Aceh Merdeka movement and the role of negotiation and compromise in resolving separatist movements.
• 🏛️ The historical context of Papua's integration into Indonesia is briefly touched upon, indicating a complex process influenced by external factors.
• 🚫 The dangers of underestimating the potential for disintegration due to external influences and ideologies are warned against.
• 👨‍🏫 The call for students to be aware of their nation's history and the importance of maintaining unity and integrity is a recurring theme.
• 🌐 The script concludes with a reminder of the importance of understanding the nation's foundation and the need for vigilance against disintegrative forces.

Q & A

What is the main theme of the discussion in the script?

The main theme of the discussion is the importance of maintaining national identity and unity amidst diversity, and the challenges of integration in Indonesia.

What does 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' represent in the context of the script?

'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' represents the Indonesian national motto which means 'Unity in Diversity', symbolizing the unity of the nation despite its diversity.

What historical events are mentioned in the script related to attempts at disintegration in Indonesia?

The script mentions the Madiun Uprising in 1948 led by Muso and Amir Sjarifuddin, and the establishment of the Negara Islam Indonesia (NII) by Kartosuwiryo on August 7, 1949, as examples of disintegration attempts.

What was the ideology that conflicted with Pancasila during the Madiun Uprising?

The ideology that conflicted with Pancasila during the Madiun Uprising was communism, as the uprising aimed to establish a communist state.

Who is Kartosuwiryo and what significant action did he take on August 7, 1949?

Kartosuwiryo was a leader who disagreed with the Renville Agreement and, in response, proclaimed the establishment of the Negara Islam Indonesia (NII) on August 7, 1949.

What is the significance of the year 1962 mentioned in the script?

The year 1962 is significant because it marks the surrender and capture of Kartosuwiryo, ending his resistance, and the continuation of the struggle by Kahar Muzakar until April 2, 1965.

Who is Hasan Tiro and what is his connection to the script's discussion?

Hasan Tiro is mentioned as the leader who wanted to establish an independent Aceh, continuing the theme of disintegration and the challenges of maintaining national unity.

What role did Yusuf Kalla play in the script's narrative?

Yusuf Kalla, as the vice president, played a significant role in negotiating an agreement that helped resolve the conflict in Aceh led by Hasan Tiro.

What is the script's stance on the importance of Pancasila as the foundation of the Indonesian state?

The script emphasizes the importance of Pancasila as the ideological foundation of the Indonesian state, necessary for maintaining national unity and addressing the diversity within the country.

How does the script address the issue of Papua's desire for independence?

The script acknowledges Papua's desire for independence but also highlights the complexity of the issue due to historical events and external influences, such as Dutch colonial thinking.

What is the script's warning regarding the impact of technology on national integration?

The script warns that technological advancement should not be seen as inherently harmful to national integration, but it also emphasizes the need for vigilance against external influences that could threaten unity.

Outlines

00:00

😀 National Identity and Integration Challenges

The first paragraph discusses the importance of national identity and the challenges of maintaining unity and integration within the diverse Indonesian nation. It highlights the historical instances of separatist movements, such as the Madiun Uprising in 1948 led by Muso and Amir Sjarifudin, and the formation of the Negara Islam Indonesia (NII) by Kartosuwiryo in 1950, which aimed to establish a state with ideologies conflicting with the Pancasila. The paragraph also touches on the persistence of these movements, emphasizing the need for vigilance against disintegration and the importance of maintaining national unity.

05:02

😐 The Struggle for Unity Amidst Diversity

The second paragraph continues the theme of national unity, focusing on the necessity of understanding and maintaining the integrity of the Indonesian state despite its diversity. It mentions the Pancasila as the foundation of the nation and the symbol of the people's desire to unite. The paragraph also addresses the Aceh Merdeka movement led by Hasan Tiro and the negotiations that led to its resolution. Additionally, it brings up the historical context of Papua's integration into Indonesia and the complexity surrounding its status, as well as the potential threats to national unity from external influences and internal movements. The speaker calls for awareness among students to recognize and uphold the nation's unity and identity.

Keywords

💡Identity

Identity in this context refers to the distinct characteristics that define a nation's self-perception and unity. It is central to the video's theme as it discusses the importance of maintaining national identity in the face of diversity and potential disintegration. The script mentions 'identitas' as a crucial element for a nation's independence and unity, using the term to explore the challenges of integration while preserving a unified national identity.

💡Integration

Integration is the process of combining or assimilating different elements into a whole. The video emphasizes the significance of integration in maintaining the unity of a diverse nation. It mentions the need to discuss 'integrasi' to ensure that despite the diversity, the nation remains united, highlighting the historical efforts to integrate various ethnic groups into the Indonesian nation.

💡Diversity

Diversity refers to the variety of different characteristics among the members of a nation. The script uses 'kemajemukan' to describe the rich cultural, ethnic, and ideological differences within the nation. It is a key concept as it underpins the challenges and the necessity of integration while acknowledging the unique identities within the nation.

💡Unity

Unity is the state of being united or joined as a whole. The video script repeatedly emphasizes the importance of 'kesatuan' in maintaining the nation's integrity and strength. It discusses historical events that threatened unity and the measures taken to preserve it, illustrating the ongoing effort to uphold national cohesion.

💡Independence

Independence here denotes the state of a nation being self-governing and free from external control. The script refers to 'merdeka' to highlight the historical struggle for independence and the subsequent challenges of maintaining it. It underscores the importance of independence as a foundation for the nation's identity and unity.

💡Disintegration

Disintegration is the process of something falling apart or breaking into pieces. The video warns of the potential for 'disintegrasi' or the breakdown of national unity due to internal and external pressures. It uses historical instances, such as the Madiun Uprising and the formation of the Negara Islam Indonesia (NII), to illustrate the real threats to the nation's unity.

💡Pancasila

Pancasila is the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, consisting of five principles. The script mentions Pancasila as the ideological basis that unites the diverse Indonesian nation and contrasts it with other ideologies that have threatened national unity, such as communism and Islamic state movements.

💡Madiun Uprising

The Madiun Uprising refers to a rebellion in 1948 led by the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) against the newly independent Indonesian government. The script uses this event as an example of a challenge to national unity and the ideological struggle between communism and Pancasila.

💡Darul Islam

Darul Islam, or DI/TII (Tentara Islam Indonesia), refers to a movement that sought to establish an Islamic state in Indonesia, opposing the secular Pancasila ideology. The video script cites the establishment of Negara Islam Indonesia (NII) by Kartosuwiryo on August 7, 1949, as an instance of disintegration efforts within the nation.

💡Aceh Merdeka

Aceh Merdeka is a movement for the independence of Aceh from Indonesia, led by figures like Hasan Tiro. The script mentions Aceh Merdeka to illustrate ongoing regional separatist movements and the challenges they pose to national unity, as well as the negotiations that led to its resolution.

💡Papua

Papua, formerly known as Irian Barat or West Papua, is a region in Indonesia that has experienced separatist movements. The script discusses the unique history and situation of Papua, highlighting the complexity of integrating diverse regions into a unified nation and the lingering desire for independence.

Highlights

The importance of maintaining national identity and unity for Indonesia's independence and integration.

The concept of 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika', emphasizing diversity yet unity in Indonesia.

The historical challenges of maintaining national unity, including ideological conflicts.

The Madiun Uprising in 1948, an attempt to establish a communist state contrary to Pancasila.

The proclamation of the Negara Islam Indonesia (NII) by Kartosuwiryo on August 7, 1949, as a response to the Renville Agreement.

The spread of the Darul Islam (DI/TII) movement across various regions in Indonesia.

The eventual surrender and capture of Kartosuwiryo in 1962, ending his resistance.

The continuation of the struggle by Kahar Muzakar until his death in 1965.

The establishment of the Free Aceh Movement by Hasan Tiro and subsequent negotiations with the New Order government.

The role of Yusuf Kalla in negotiating the end of the Aceh conflict after the 2004 tsunami.

The significance of Pancasila as the foundation of the Indonesian state and its role in maintaining national unity.

The awareness of diversity and the need to uphold the unity of the Indonesian nation.

The historical context of Papua's integration into Indonesia and the ongoing calls for independence.

The influence of external ideologies and the potential threats to Indonesia's national integration.

The reminder for students to be aware of the importance of maintaining national unity and the role of Pancasila.

The call for students to understand the historical and current challenges to Indonesia's unity and identity.

The mention of a teacher in Central Sulawesi who attempted to establish a separate state, highlighting internal disintegration movements.

The impact of technological advancements on national integration and the need for vigilance against external influences.

Transcripts

[Musik]

Iya sekarang kita lanjutkan pembicaraan

kita

kita sudah bicara tentang identitas

sekarang

sampai seberapa jauh identitas dan

kemampuan kita sebagai bangsa merdeka

untuk tetap mempertahankan persatuan

kesatuan kita maka kita tentu harus

membicarakan persoalan integrasi

Bagaimana kita bisa tetap mempertahankan

kebersamaan kita

kesatuan kita di tengah-tengah

kemajemukan kita di tengah-tengah

kebhinekaan diri kita yang merupakan

tadi saya katakan sebagai sebuah

identitas diri yang bersifat

Bhinneka Tunggal Ika banyak tapi satu

ya Nah tentu saja kita tidak boleh

mengatakan bahwa ini tidak ada bahayanya

seakan-akan bisa lepas begitu saja

bagaimanapun juga integrasi

itu penting

dalam arti kata memang bangsa Indonesia

ini diciptakan oleh para pemimpin kita

dengan

membangun sebuah pemahaman tentang diri

dari orang yang banyak ini menjadi

terintegrasi atau istilah yang selalu

digunakan oleh para pemimpin kita adalah

persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa dan

karena kemajemukan kita maka memang

harus diakui bahwa tidak tertutup

kemungkinan bisa terjadi juga

disintegrasi dan itu pernah hampir

terjadi

pernah

hampir terjadi dalam arti kata tahun

50-an misalnya ada macam-macam Gejolak

terjadi di daerah

ada yang pertama

di tengah-tengah kita mempertahankan

kemerdekaan kita secara ideologis PKI

mau mendirikan

sebuah negara komunis di Madiun

yang dikenal dengan pemberontakan Madiun

1948 di bawah pimpinan Muso dan Amir

Syarifudin

Diamond mendirikan satu negara dengan

ideologi yang bertentangan dengan

ideologi kita yaitu ideologi Pancasila

tapi akhirnya ditumpas

tapi kemudian juga pada 7 Agustus 1949

Kartosuwiryo

karena tidak sepakat dengan perjanjian

Renville maka kemudian dia marah tanda

kutip

istilah marah itu lalu apalagi kita

mengosongkan wilayah yang telah diduduki

lalu Kartosuwiryo pada 7 Agustus 1949

membentuk dan memproklamasikan Apa yang

disebut dengan Negara Islam Indonesia

NII dengan ada tentaranya yang disebut

dengan Darul Islam DI TII tentara Islam

Indonesia

dan berkembang

berkembang ke Aceh berkembang ke

Sulawesi Selatan berkembang Kalimantan

Selatan

dan kemudian

cukup lama juga boleh dikatakan dari

tahun Pada tahun 50 sampai dengan 60-an

ya berkembang artinya bertahan misalnya

boleh dikatakan baru berakhir

Kartosuwiryo menyerah dan ketangkap pada

tahun 62 tapi Kahar Muzakar melanjutkan

perlawanan sampai dengan 2 April 1965

ketembak dia di

Sulawesi Tenggara

sebelumnya juga Ibnu Hajar di Kalimantan

ketangkap tapi Kartosuwiryo

bisa melakukan pemerintah melakukan

negosiasi lalu Akhirnya bisa

diselesaikan dan tetapi Kemudian datang

Hasan Tiro mau mendirikan Aceh Merdeka

jadi setelah ada di tiic bisa

di

negosiasikan dengan pemerintah Orde Baru

tapi yang melanjutkan tapi yang kemudian

ada pemberontakan malah Aceh Merdeka

dipimpin oleh Hasan Tiro tapi setelah

tsunami akhirnya ada perjanjian dengan

jasa dari Yusuf Pak Yusuf Kalla wakil

presiden kita melakukan negosiasi

Akhirnya bisa diselesaikan

jadi ada hal-hal seperti ini yang harus

dipahami juga jadi kita juga jangan

nanya Oh kita udah bersatu

Nah di sini pentingnya integrasi kita

secara berlanjut Dan kita harus memahami

bagaimana kita harus mempertahankan

negara kita ada dasar negara kita

Pancasila

kita sadar akan kebhinekaan kita dan

oleh karena itu kita harus

mempertahankan bangsa kita sebagai

bangsa yang bersatu kita menegakkan

Republik Indonesia dan kita tetap

mempertahankan kesatuan kita Pancasila

dasar negara kita Bhinneka Tunggal Ika

kita sebagai simbol

kehendak kita untuk bersatu Saya kira

ini adalah hal yang penting jadi saya

hanya mau

meminta para mahasiswa untuk sadar bahwa

dengan kemerdekaan kita dengan kesadaran

baru kita sebagai bangsa kita mampu

mempertahankan membangun integrasi dalam

arti kata persatuan yang dilakukan oleh

para pemimpin kita dari macam-macam suku

bangsa tetapi jangan lupakan juga kalau

sampai sekarang harus diakui misalnya

Papua masih tetap mau Merdeka tapi

kondisi Papua memang berbeda karena

kejahatan daripada pemikiran Belanda

ketika KMB Irian Barat

tidak termasuk diserahkan ke Indonesia

tapi baru akan dibicarakan Setahun

kemudian yaitu tahun 50 tapi setiap kali

kita mau membicarakan

persoalan Irian Barat dari tahun 50

sampai dengan 62 terus gagal nanti

setelah ada campur tangan Amerika

Kennedy memaksa Belanda akhirnya mau

berunding lewat KM lewat kbb lewat PBB

maka Kemudian pada tahun 62 Belanda

lewat pemerintahan sementara

transisi PBB akhirnya diserahkan ke

Indonesia jadi ada hal-hal seperti ini

harus

dilihat secara jernih

bahwa kita Jangan

Oh nggak ada bahkan beberapa waktu yang

lalu kan kita baru

mendengar di Sulawesi Tengah ada pak

guru yang katanya

mau mendirikan Negara di sana juga

akhirnya ketembak dan di sana memang

pernah ada gerakan

disintegrasi juga

itu harus

dipahami dan kemajuan teknologi Jangan

dianggap sebagai sesuatu yang tidak akan

membahayakan integrasi kita kalau kita

tidak hati-hati ada macam-macam gerakan

dari luar yang bisa masuk dengan

ideologinya dan sebagainya ini harus

dipahami betul para mahasiswa

silahkan untuk melihat

kenyataan diri kita seperti ini oke

[Musik]

[Musik]