Diferensiasi dan Stratifikasi Sosial

Summary

In this lesson, Bu Asma explores the concepts of social differentiation and stratification, emphasizing their significance in Indonesian society. Social differentiation is explained as the horizontal separation of individuals based on factors such as ethnicity, religion, and gender. Stratification, on the other hand, involves vertical layers or classes within society, with distinctions based on birth, education, wealth, power, and more. The lesson concludes by discussing the impact of social stratification in promoting unity despite diversity, highlighting Indonesia’s national motto 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' (Unity in Diversity).

Takeaways

• 😀 Differentiation and social stratification are two key concepts in understanding societal divisions.
• 😀 Differentiation refers to the horizontal distinction between individuals, based on factors like ethnicity, gender, or profession, with no hierarchical levels involved.
• 😀 Stratification, on the other hand, involves vertical layering of society, creating hierarchies and social classes.
• 😀 Social differentiation is based on ethnicity, religion, and gender, where all groups have equal status in the context of society.
• 😀 In Indonesia, despite its ethnic diversity, the motto 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' symbolizes unity despite differences.
• 😀 Social stratification is influenced by birth, education, social status, wealth, power, honor, and lifestyle, with each factor contributing to an individual's position in society.
• 😀 The system of stratification can be open (dynamic), allowing movement between social levels, or closed (rigid), where individuals cannot change their social position.
• 😀 Stratification can also be mixed, combining aspects of both open and closed systems, as seen in different regions like Bali and Yogyakarta.
• 😀 Examples of social stratification include distinctions based on wealth, power (e.g., political figures), and educational achievement.
• 😀 A key message from the lesson is that despite differences in social categories, unity is vital, and differences should not lead to conflict. We are all part of one social system, as highlighted by Indonesia's motto.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the lesson on differentiation and social stratification?

The main focus of the lesson is to understand the concepts of social differentiation and social stratification, their types, and how they manifest in society. The learning objectives aim to help students explain, identify, and analyze these concepts using various teaching media.

What does 'differentiation' in the context of social differentiation mean?

'Differentiation' refers to the horizontal or equal classification of individuals based on factors like ethnicity, gender, or profession. It means that individuals are distinguished without any hierarchical ranking.

How is 'stratification' different from 'differentiation'?

Stratification refers to the vertical classification of individuals in a society based on hierarchical structures. Unlike differentiation, which is horizontal, stratification creates social layers or classes, with some individuals occupying higher or lower positions based on factors like wealth, power, or status.

What are the three types of social differentiation mentioned in the lesson?

The three types of social differentiation are: 1) Ethnic or tribal differentiation, 2) Religious differentiation, and 3) Gender differentiation.

What is the significance of 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' in Indonesian society as it relates to social differentiation?

Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, which translates to 'Unity in Diversity,' highlights the importance of embracing the diversity of ethnicities, religions, and cultures in Indonesia. Despite the many differences in society, this slogan reminds Indonesians of their unity as a nation.

What are the key factors that form the basis of social stratification?

The key factors that form the basis of social stratification include birth or lineage, education, social status, wealth, power, honor, and lifestyle.

What are some examples of social stratification based on wealth and education?

Examples of social stratification based on wealth include distinctions between the rich, middle class, and poor. In terms of education, individuals with higher education degrees (e.g., a master's or PhD) are placed at the top, while those with less education (e.g., high school or elementary education) occupy lower strata.

What does the concept of 'stratification' in social power refer to?

Stratification based on power refers to the hierarchy in political and governmental positions, where individuals with more power, such as the president or ministers, hold higher positions, while those with less power, like local government officials or ordinary citizens, are at lower levels.

Can you provide an example of stratification based on honor in society?

Stratification based on honor can be seen in the respect given to community leaders, elders, or figures in society. These individuals are regarded with higher status due to their contributions or position in the community, such as a respected RT (neighborhood head) or local elders.

How does the lesson describe the three types of stratification systems?

The lesson describes three types of stratification systems: 1) Open stratification, where individuals can move up or down in the social hierarchy, 2) Closed stratification, where social mobility is limited and based on birth (e.g., the caste system), and 3) Mixed stratification, which combines aspects of both open and closed systems.