EXAME DE SUFICIÊNCIA CFC 2024.2 - RESOLUÇÃO QUESTÃO 33 | DEMONSTRAÇÃO DO RESULTADO DO EXERCÍCIO: DRE

Summary

The video script explains the distinction between two methods of presenting expenses in financial statements: the function method and the nature method, as per CPC 26. The nature method, which is mandatory, requires expenses to be categorized based on their nature, such as personnel costs or depreciation. The function method, which is optional, categorizes expenses according to business functions like sales or administration. The video focuses on the correct application of these methods in the DRE (Income Statement) and emphasizes the requirement for additional disclosure when using the nature method.

Takeaways

• 😀 The DRE (Income Statement) should be prepared according to CPC 26 standards.
• 😀 Expenses can be presented in the DRE either by nature or by function, according to CPC 26.
• 😀 The default (mandatory) method for presenting expenses is by nature, which categorizes expenses based on their inherent characteristics (e.g., depreciation, personnel costs, rent).
• 😀 The optional method for presenting expenses is by function, which categorizes expenses based on the business's areas or departments (e.g., sales expenses, administrative expenses).
• 😀 When presenting expenses by function, additional disclosure about the nature of the expenses is required.
• 😀 Nature-based expense presentation is mandatory, while function-based presentation is optional and requires additional disclosure.
• 😀 Nature refers to the specific type of expense (e.g., salaries, depreciation), while function refers to the business area or department (e.g., sales, administration).
• 😀 CPC 26 explicitly allows for flexibility in expense reporting, but the presentation by nature is non-negotiable.
• 😀 The question being discussed in the script revolves around which method was used for presenting expenses in a given DRE and whether additional disclosures are required.
• 😀 The correct answer to the question in the script is letter C, which confirms that expenses were presented by function, and additional disclosure of nature is required.

Q & A

What is the primary focus of the script?

The primary focus of the script is on the presentation of expenses in the financial statements according to the CPC 26 standard, particularly the two methods of presenting expenses: by nature and by function.

What are the two methods of presenting expenses mentioned in the script?

The two methods of presenting expenses are: 1) By nature, which categorizes expenses based on their inherent characteristics (e.g., personnel expenses, depreciation, rent), and 2) By function, which groups expenses according to the business area's activities (e.g., sales, administrative expenses).

Which method of presenting expenses is mandatory according to the script?

Presenting expenses by nature is mandatory according to the script and the CPC 26 standard.

Can a company present expenses by function in the financial statements?

Yes, presenting expenses by function is optional and can be done facultatively. However, expenses must always be presented by nature, which is mandatory.

What is the distinction between 'nature' and 'function' in relation to expenses?

The nature of an expense refers to what the expense actually consists of, such as salaries, depreciation, or rent. The function of an expense refers to the role or activity within the organization that the expense supports, such as sales or administrative functions.

What does the CPC 26 standard say about the presentation of expenses?

CPC 26 stipulates that expenses must be presented in the financial statements according to their nature by default. The presentation by function is allowed but not mandatory, and additional disclosures are required when presenting expenses by function.

Why are 'sales' and 'administrative' expenses linked to the function method?

Sales and administrative expenses are linked to the function method because they are tied to specific operational areas within the company, like the sales department or administrative operations, which is characteristic of the functional classification of expenses.

Is it necessary to disclose additional information if expenses are presented by function?

Yes, if expenses are presented by function, additional disclosure is required. However, when expenses are presented by nature, no additional disclosure is necessary.

What are the consequences of incorrectly presenting expenses by function instead of nature?

Incorrectly presenting expenses by function instead of by nature would violate the CPC 26 standard, which mandates presenting expenses by nature. This could lead to non-compliance with accounting regulations and require additional clarification in the financial statement disclosures.

What is the correct approach if a company presents its expenses by function?

If a company presents its expenses by function, it must still ensure that the expenses by nature are disclosed separately, as presenting by nature is the mandatory method. The function-based classification is optional, but the nature-based classification is required.