CARA MENGHITUNG WARIS AYAH, IBU & 1 ANAK PEREMPUAN | oleh : Kholis Firmansyah

Summary

This video tutorial explains how to calculate Islamic inheritance (waris) with a specific example. The speaker outlines the steps for distributing a 120,000,000 inheritance among heirs, which includes a father, mother, and one daughter. The tutorial covers the process of identifying the rightful shares, using the prescribed Islamic rules, and determining the 'ashobah' (residual share) for the father due to the absence of a male child. It demonstrates how to calculate the individual portions, explains the concept of 'syiham' (shares), and addresses the process of handling any leftover inheritance. The video aims to clarify these concepts based on the Quranic guidelines in Surah An-Nisa.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video explains how to calculate Islamic inheritance based on a real-life example.
• 😀 The estate in the example is worth 120,000,000, and the heirs are the father, mother, and one daughter.
• 😀 The key inheritance fractions are: the father receives one-sixth plus 'ashobah', the mother gets one-sixth, and the daughter receives half.
• 😀 To determine the total denominator (asal masalah), the number 6 is chosen as it can be divided by both 6 and 2.
• 😀 The 'suku bagian' (fraction share) is calculated by dividing the total estate (120,000,000) by 6, resulting in a share of 20 million.
• 😀 A table is created to represent the shares of each heir based on their respective portions and fractions.
• 😀 The shares for the father, mother, and daughter are derived from multiplying the denominator (6) by each heir’s fraction, then dividing by the specific fraction of each heir.
• 😀 The father receives a total of 40 million (one-sixth plus 'ashobah'), the mother receives 20 million, and the daughter gets 60 million.
• 😀 If there is a remainder after the division, it is allocated to the father as part of the 'ashobah' share.
• 😀 The final inheritance table and calculations are checked, and the total sum of shares must match the total estate (120,000,000).
• 😀 The process is guided by the Quranic verses, specifically Surah An-Nisa, verse 11, which outlines the principles for inheritance distribution in Islam.

Q & A

What is the basic approach to calculating inheritance in Islamic law?

The basic approach involves dividing the total inheritance (firqah) among the heirs according to predetermined shares, following the Islamic rules of inheritance outlined in the Quran. The shares depend on the type and number of heirs present.

How do you determine the 'asal masalah' (the base number for division)?

The 'asal masalah' is determined by identifying the denominators of the shares of the heirs, such as one-sixth, one-half, etc. The least common denominator that divides all these shares is taken as the base number. In this example, the base number is 6.

What is the significance of the 'ashobah' (residual share) in this context?

The 'ashobah' is the residual share that is given to an heir when other designated heirs do not take the full amount of their share. In this case, the father gets a share of one-sixth plus the ashobah because there is no male heir.

Why is the father's share calculated as one-sixth plus ashobah?

The father’s share is one-sixth, but since there is no male heir, the father is entitled to ashobah, which means he takes a portion of the remaining inheritance after the fixed shares have been distributed.

What portion does the mother receive according to the script?

The mother receives one-sixth of the inheritance, as stated in Islamic inheritance law.

How is the daughter’s share different from other heirs?

The daughter receives half (one-half) of the inheritance if she is the only child. This is in accordance with the rule for female heirs in Islamic inheritance law.

How do you calculate the individual shares for each heir?

To calculate the shares, you divide the total inheritance (firqah) by the base number (asal masalah). Then, you multiply the result by the fraction of each heir’s share. For example, for the father, the share is calculated as one-sixth, so the base number is multiplied by one-sixth.

What happens when the total shares do not sum up to the base number?

If the total shares do not sum up to the base number, any remainder is given to the ashobah heir, in this case, the father, who receives the leftover amount.

Why is it necessary to perform the calculation using a table?

The table helps organize the shares and calculations systematically. It makes it easier to identify the correct amounts for each heir and ensures that no errors occur in the distribution process.

What is the legal foundation for these inheritance calculations?

The calculations are based on the principles outlined in the Quran, specifically Surah An-Nisa (Chapter 4), verse 11, which provides the guidelines for inheritance shares among heirs.