*All IMPORTANT Constitutional Amendment for UPSC-PRE 2024 with PYQ 🤩🔥🔥#ias #upscpre2024 #prelims2024

Summary

The video script is an extensive discussion on the Constitution of India, focusing on important amendments and their implications for students preparing for competitive exams like UPSC. It covers amendments such as the 42nd and 44th, which significantly altered parliamentary powers and the President's role, as well as the 86th, introducing free and compulsory education as a fundamental right. The script also delves into recent amendments like the 106th, which addresses the reservation of Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes in legislative bodies. The presenter aims to guide students on which amendments to study in depth for exams, based on previous years' trends and questions.

Takeaways

• 📚 The script discusses the importance of understanding the Constitution of India, particularly for students preparing for competitive exams like UPSC, highlighting the need to delve into significant amendments and their implications.
• 🎓 It emphasizes the relevance of amendments like the 42nd and 44th in shaping the parliamentary system and the President's powers, including the declaration of national emergencies and the appointment of ministers.
• 🏛️ The video script touches on the 24th Amendment, which introduced the concept of 'law' in relation to constitutional amendments, preventing any judicial review of these amendments under Article 13.
• 📖 Mention of the 25th Amendment, which added Article 31C to the Constitution, allowing for the protection of laws that implement Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Rights from judicial review.
• 👨‍🏫 The speaker provides insights into the 97th Amendment, which pertains to cooperative societies and their role in the socio-economic framework of the Constitution.
• 📈 The 91st Amendment is highlighted for its introduction of the Anti-Defection Law, which aims to prevent the splitting of political parties and the disqualification of legislators in cases of defection.
• 📊 The 52nd Amendment is discussed for its focus on anti-defection laws, the role of the speaker in disqualification cases, and the introduction of the 10th Schedule in the Constitution.
• 🏫 The 86th Amendment recognizes the Right to Education as a Fundamental Right, making free and compulsory education available to all children between the ages of 6 to 14 years.
• 📝 The script mentions the 101st Amendment, also known as the GST Amendment, which introduced significant changes to the taxation system in India, including the establishment of the GST Council.
• 🏛️ The 102nd Amendment grants constitutional status to the National Commission for Backward Classes, providing it with the necessary authority and recognition.
• 📉 The 106th Amendment, also known as the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Representation in Parliament) Amendment Act, 2023, which reserves a third of the seats in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, including for 15 years for the National Capital Territory of Delhi.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of the video discussed in the script?

The main purpose of the video is to discuss important constitutional amendments in India, provide insights into their significance, and guide students on how to approach studying these amendments for competitive exams.

What are the key amendments mentioned in the script that students are advised to focus on for their UPSC exam preparation?

Key amendments highlighted include the 42nd, 44th, 99th, and 101st Amendments to the Constitution of India, which are significant for understanding the evolution of the Constitution and its current interpretation.

How does the 42nd Amendment affect the power of the Parliament in India?

The 42nd Amendment provides the Parliament with unrestricted power to amend any part of the Constitution, including the basic structure, thus emphasizing the sovereignty of the Parliament in the constitutional framework.

What significant change did the 44th Amendment bring in relation to the President's role during a national emergency?

The 44th Amendment introduced the requirement that the President can only declare a national emergency based on the recommendation of the Council of Ministers, thus making the declaration subject to the advice of the Cabinet.

Which amendment is referred to as the 'Land Boundary Agreement Amendment' and what does it pertain to?

The 100th Amendment is referred to as the 'Land Boundary Agreement Amendment'. It pertains to the agreement between India and Bangladesh regarding the transfer of territories and the exchange of enclaves.

What is the significance of the 97th Amendment in relation to cooperative societies?

The 97th Amendment is significant as it added Article 43-B, which promotes the development of cooperative societies, and Part IX-B, which includes Article 243-ZH, focusing on the powers and responsibilities of municipalities.

What is the impact of the 101st Amendment on the Goods and Services Tax (GST) regime in India?

The 101st Amendment, also known as the GST Constitution (One Hundred and First Amendment) Act, 2016, introduced several provisions including Articles 246A, 268A, 269A, and 279A, which provide a constitutional basis for the levy and collection of GST.

How does the 52nd Amendment address the issue of disqualification of members of the Parliament and State Legislatures on the grounds of defection?

The 52nd Amendment introduced the Tenth Schedule to the Constitution, which provides the procedure for disqualification of a member on the grounds of defection, to prevent the splitting and merging of political parties.

What is the significance of the 61st Amendment in terms of electoral reforms in India?

The 61st Amendment reduced the voting age for elections to the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies from 21 years to 18 years, thus expanding the democratic franchise to include younger citizens.

How does the 86th Amendment ensure the right to education for children in India?

The 86th Amendment introduced Article 21-A, which makes free and compulsory education a fundamental right for all children between the ages of 6 to 14 years, mandating the State to provide early childhood care and education.

What is the purpose of the 106th Amendment, also known as the 'Landmark Women's Reservation Bill'?

The 106th Amendment, or the Women's Reservation Bill, aims to reserve one-third of the seats in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies for women, including Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, to be effective after a certain period as specified in the amendment.