Materi PJOK Kelas 7 Atletik Lari Jarak Pendek Kurikulum Merdeka

Summary

This educational video covers the basics of short-distance running in athletics for 7th grade, focusing on the history and techniques of sprinting. It starts by tracing the origins of athletics, including the ancient roots of the marathon. The script explains the types of running events—short, middle, and long-distance—and delves into the specifics of sprinting, such as the three types of starts (crouch, stand, and flying), proper running form, and finishing techniques. The video also highlights the importance of body posture, arm movements, and foot positioning to maximize performance in sprint races.

Takeaways

• 😀 Athletics, especially running, dates back to ancient times, with the first known races held around 1500 BC by the ancient Egyptians.
• 😀 Marathon, a long-distance race of 42.195 km, was named after a Greek warrior, Marathon, who died after fighting in a war.
• 😀 In athletics, races are divided into three categories: short-distance, middle-distance, and long-distance events.
• 😀 Short-distance races include the 100 meters, 200 meters, and 400 meters, all requiring maximum speed from start to finish.
• 😀 Sprinters, or short-distance runners, use anaerobic breathing techniques to maximize their performance.
• 😀 The most common start type for short-distance running is the crouch start, where runners begin in a crouched position with specific hand and foot placements.
• 😀 The crouch start includes three key stages: 'Ready,' 'Set,' and 'Go,' each with distinct physical and mental actions.
• 😀 There are three types of crouch starts: short start (where the knee is level with the toes), medium start (knee aligned with the middle of the foot), and long start (knee aligned with the heel of the front foot).
• 😀 When running short distances, sprinters should aim for wide, fast steps, with knees lifted high and landing on the balls of the feet while keeping the knees slightly bent.
• 😀 Arm swings should be fast and follow the rhythm of the legs, with arms bent at a 90-degree angle and hands relaxed, helping propel the runner forward.
• 😀 To finish strong, runners should accelerate toward the finish line with their chest leading the way, arms pulling back, and body pushing forward for the final push.

Q & A

What is the historical origin of athletics, and how is it related to the Marathon?

Athletics, particularly running, dates back to around 1500 BC, with early civilizations like the ancient Egyptians recognizing it. The Marathon race is named after a Greek warrior, Marathon, who died after delivering a message, and it covers a distance of 42.195 kilometers.

What are the different categories of running events in athletics?

Running events in athletics are divided into three categories: short-distance, middle-distance, and long-distance. This video specifically focuses on short-distance running events, which include the 100 meters, 200 meters, and 400 meters.

What are the key characteristics of sprinting, and how does it differ from other running events?

Sprinting is a short-distance race where athletes use maximum speed from start to finish, relying on anaerobic breathing. It differs from other running events in its emphasis on speed rather than endurance.

Who is referred to as a sprinter, and what breathing technique do they use?

A sprinter is an athlete who competes in short-distance races. Sprinters use anaerobic breathing, which is a rapid and intense form of breathing suited for high-speed, short-duration races.

What are the three types of starts used in running races, and which one is used for short-distance running?

The three types of starts are the crouch start, standing start, and flying start. The crouch start is specifically used for short-distance running events like the 100 meters, 200 meters, and 400 meters.

What is the crouch start, and how is it performed?

The crouch start is used for short-distance sprints, where the runner begins in a crouching position. The athlete listens for the commands 'bersedia' (ready), 'siap' (set), and 'ya' (go). Upon hearing 'ya,' they push off the start block and launch into the race.

What are the differences between short, medium, and long crouch starts?

In the crouch start, the positioning of the back knee differs: for the short start, the back knee aligns with the front foot's toes; for the medium start, it aligns with the middle of the front foot; and for the long start, it aligns with the heel of the front foot.

How should a sprinter position their body and legs during a race?

A sprinter should aim for wide, fast steps, lifting the knee high to maximize stride length. The foot should land on the balls of the feet, with the knees bent when landing. The torso should lean slightly forward, and the arms should swing in rhythm with the legs.

What is the correct arm swing technique for sprinters?

The arm swing should follow the rhythm of the legs, with elbows bent at 90 degrees. The hands should remain relaxed, and the wrists should be loosely held, allowing for a natural, fluid motion.

What should a sprinter do as they approach the finish line?

As the sprinter nears the finish line, they should lean their chest forward to cross the line more quickly. They should also pull their arms back and drive their shoulders forward for a strong finish.