Pemantulan dan Pembiasan Cahaya dengan KIT OPTIK

Summary

In this practical session, we explore the behavior of light, focusing on reflection and refraction. Using various optical tools such as precision rails, mirrors, and lenses, we demonstrate how light interacts with different surfaces. The video explains how light is reflected by flat, concave, and convex mirrors, showcasing divergent and convergent properties. It also examines the refraction of light through convex and concave lenses, illustrating how they converge or diverge light. Overall, this practical session provides a hands-on understanding of light’s reflection and refraction properties.

Takeaways

• 😀 Two precision rails and a rail connector are used to set up the experiment for investigating light reflection and refraction.
• 😀 Three rail clamps are used to hold the components in place, allowing easy adjustments during the experiment.
• 😀 The optical table and a power supply are used to stabilize the setup and power the light source.
• 😀 The diaphragm with five holes controls the light passing through the system, ensuring precision in observations.
• 😀 The biconvex lens is used to observe light refraction, focusing light rays to a real focal point behind the lens.
• 😀 Convex mirrors cause diverging reflections, with a virtual focal point behind the mirror.
• 😀 Concave mirrors cause converging reflections, collecting light at a real focal point in front of the mirror.
• 😀 Light behavior on a flat mirror reflects symmetrically, with the angle of incidence equal to the angle of reflection.
• 😀 The concave lens causes light to diverge, and its focal point is virtual, located in front of the lens.
• 😀 The experiment illustrates key optical principles like reflection, refraction, and focal lengths for various lenses and mirrors.

Q & A

What tools are required for the experiment on light reflection and refraction?

The tools required for the experiment include two precision rails, one rail connector, three rail clamps, an optical bench, a power supply, two rail legs, a 5-slot diaphragm, a converging lens with a focus of 100 mm, a diverging lens, a lamp, and two USB cables.

How should the precision rails be assembled for the experiment?

To assemble the precision rails, connect the two rails using the rail connector. Then, attach rail legs at both ends to ensure stability when placed on the optical bench.

What is the purpose of the 5-slot diaphragm in the experiment?

The 5-slot diaphragm helps to control the beam of light passing through it, ensuring that the light is directed and focused properly for observing reflection and refraction.

How do you connect the lamp to the power supply for the experiment?

The lamp is connected to the power supply by linking the red cable to the high potential and the black cable to the low potential. The power supply should then be set to 12 volts to power the lamp.

What happens when the light passes through a concave mirror during the experiment?

When light passes through a concave mirror, it is reflected in a converging manner, meaning the reflected rays are gathered at a single point known as the focal point, which is located in front of the mirror.

What is the behavior of light when it interacts with a convex mirror?

When light interacts with a convex mirror, the reflection is divergent, meaning the reflected rays spread out. The focal point is virtual and located behind the mirror.

How does the behavior of light differ when reflected from a concave mirror compared to a convex mirror?

A concave mirror reflects light in a converging manner, bringing the reflected rays together at a focal point in front of the mirror. In contrast, a convex mirror causes light to reflect divergently, spreading the rays out with a virtual focal point behind the mirror.

What happens when light passes through a convex lens?

When light passes through a convex lens, it is refracted and converges toward a single point, the focal point, which is located behind the lens. The convex lens focuses light, making the focal point real and positive.

What occurs when light passes through a concave lens?

When light passes through a concave lens, it is refracted and spreads out. The focal point is virtual, located on the same side of the lens as the incoming light, and the focal point is negative.

Why are the focal points of concave and convex lenses described differently?

The focal point of a convex lens is described as positive and real because the light converges at a point behind the lens. On the other hand, the focal point of a concave lens is negative and virtual because the light rays diverge and appear to originate from a point on the same side of the lens as the incoming light.