FUNGSI DAN CARA KERJA SEPARATOR | PROSES PEMISAHAN MINYAK AIR DAN GAS |

Summary

In this video, the presenter discusses the function and operation of a separator in oil production, focusing on its role in separating gas, liquid, and oil in a three-phase separator. The explanation includes the working principles of how fluids and gases are separated using gravity, pressure, and control valves, and highlights the importance of setting the correct pressure to ensure optimal functioning. The video aims to educate both oil industry professionals and the general public, offering insights into the technical processes of extracting oil from the earth to the surface.

Takeaways

• 😀 The separator is a vital piece of equipment used in oil production to separate gas and liquid (oil and water).
• 😀 Separators can operate in two-phase (gas and liquid) or three-phase (gas, oil, and water) configurations, though the separator in the video is used for two-phase separation.
• 😀 The main function of a separator is to allow gravity and density differences to separate gas from liquids (oil and water).
• 😀 The separator has a floating mechanism that controls the level of liquid inside the separator, automatically adjusting the control valve to manage oil flow.
• 😀 Gas flow through the separator is regulated by a differential pressure system, with orifice plates controlling the pressure difference to ensure proper gas measurement.
• 😀 The pressure inside the separator is controlled by a control valve that adjusts to maintain optimal conditions for oil and gas separation.
• 😀 Adjusting the separator's pressure too high or too low can cause operational issues, such as hindering fluid flow or causing overflow.
• 😀 The separator’s performance is influenced by various instruments, such as flowmeters and level controllers, which help to ensure the system functions effectively.
• 😀 The separator setup uses compressed air (around 20-25 psi) to control valves, with a higher air pressure used to activate the system.
• 😀 Properly setting and maintaining separator pressure and flow control is essential for efficient operation, especially for operators and technicians in the oil and gas industry.

Q & A

What is the main function of a separator in oil production?

The main function of a separator in oil production is to separate gas and liquid. It can also be used to separate water, gas, and oil in a 3-phase separator.

Why is the separator being used as a 2-phase separator in the video, although it is a 3-phase separator?

The separator is being used as a 2-phase separator because it is more effective in separating only liquid and gas. When used as a 3-phase separator, it often experiences failures due to the complexity of separating oil, gas, and water simultaneously.

What role does gravity play in the separator process?

Gravity helps in separating the liquids and gases inside the separator by allowing the components to settle based on their different densities. Heavier liquids settle at the bottom, and lighter gases rise to the top.

How does the control system work in the separator?

The control system in the separator uses a controller and a float system to manage the level of liquid inside the separator. When the liquid level rises, the controller sends a signal to open the control valve for oil. When the liquid level drops, the controller sends a signal to close the valve.

What is the purpose of the orifice plate in the separator?

The orifice plate is used to create a pressure differential between the upper and lower parts of the separator, which allows for the accurate measurement of the gas flow rate. The flowmeter records this differential to calculate the gas volume.

How is the pressure inside the separator controlled?

The pressure inside the separator is controlled by a control valve that regulates the gas flow. The controller monitors the pressure and adjusts the valve accordingly to maintain a constant pressure.

What happens if the separator pressure is too high or too low?

If the separator pressure is too high, it can impede the flow of fluids into the separator. If the pressure is too low, it may cause issues with downstream processes, like the separation of oil and water, potentially leading to unwanted gas releases.

How does the separator handle gas flow?

Gas enters the separator through a 4-inch pipe, passes through an orifice plate, and then flows through a fitting. The pressure differential caused by the orifice plate helps measure the gas flow, which is recorded by the flowmeter.

What is the purpose of the control valve for gas in the separator?

The control valve for gas regulates the flow of gas in the separator. It opens when the pressure increases, allowing gas to flow out. When the pressure decreases, the valve partially closes to maintain consistent flow.

What other components are involved in the separator's operation aside from the control valves?

Aside from the control valves, the separator also uses instruments like floaters, controllers, orifice plates, pressure gauges, and flow meters to manage and measure the separation process of liquids and gases.