Making of the Constitution of India || Handwritten Notes || Lec.1 || Indian Polity ||

Summary

This YouTube video script takes the audience through the fascinating journey of the making of India's Constitution. It covers key historical events, such as the formation of the Constituent Assembly in 1946 and the role of significant figures like Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Sachidanand Sinha, and others. The video highlights important milestones, from the Cabinet Mission to the adoption of the Constitution, explaining the division of seats, voting methods, and the challenges faced. The script emphasizes the importance of dates, key individuals, and the process behind creating one of the longest written constitutions in the world.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Indian Constitution's making started with the Cabinet Mission in 1946 during Lord Wavell's tenure as the British Viceroy of India.
• 😀 The Constituent Assembly was formed in November 1946, consisting of 389 members. Of these, 296 were from British India and 93 were from princely states.
• 😀 The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly took place on December 9, 1946, and Sachidanand Sinha was appointed the temporary President of the Assembly.
• 😀 Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected the permanent President of the Constituent Assembly on December 11, 1946, with Harendra Mukherjee as the Vice President.
• 😀 The Constitution of India was drafted under the guidance of Constitutional Advisor B.N. Rao, and influenced by M.N. Roy's idea of a constitution in 1934.
• 😀 The Constituent Assembly debated the structure of the Constitution, deciding the proportional representation system based on population, with special allocations for Muslims, Sikhs, and others.
• 😀 The voting system for the Constituent Assembly's elections used a single transferable vote system, allowing for a ranked preference of candidates.
• 😀 The total expenditure to create the Indian Constitution was Rs. 63,96,729, which is significant given the number of changes and borrowed concepts from other nations.
• 😀 The Constitution was passed on November 26, 1949, and came into effect on January 26, 1950, a symbolic date linking it to the demand for full independence from British rule in 1930.
• 😀 Key events such as the adoption of the National Flag (July 22, 1947), National Anthem (January 24, 1950), and National Song (January 24, 1950) marked significant milestones in India's independence journey.
• 😀 The original Constitution in 1950 had 22 parts and 395 articles. Today, it contains 25 parts and 465 articles, reflecting India's evolving needs and governance structures.

Q & A

What was the significance of the Cabinet Mission in 1946 for the Constitution of India?

The Cabinet Mission in 1946, led by Lord Wavell, played a crucial role in initiating the process of framing India's Constitution. It set the stage for the formation of the Constituent Assembly and helped lay down the framework for India's future governance.

Who were the key members involved in the Cabinet Mission of 1946?

The Cabinet Mission of 1946 consisted of three British officials: Lord Pethick-Lawrence, Sir Stafford Cripps, and A.V. Alexander. They were tasked with negotiating the terms of India's independence and setting up the Constituent Assembly.

What was the Constituent Assembly and when was it formed?

The Constituent Assembly was a group formed in 1946 with the purpose of framing the Constitution of India. It was officially formed in November 1946 with 389 members, representing both British India and princely states.

Who was the first President of the Constituent Assembly?

Sachidanand Sinha was appointed as the provisional president of the Constituent Assembly during its first meeting on December 9, 1946. Dr. Rajendra Prasad was later elected as the permanent president on December 11, 1946.

How was the representation divided in the Constituent Assembly?

The Constituent Assembly had 389 members, with 296 representing British India and 93 representing the princely states. The seats were allocated based on population, ensuring proportional representation for different communities.

What voting system was used in the Constituent Assembly?

The voting system used in the Constituent Assembly was the Single Transferable Vote (STV). This allowed members to rank candidates in order of preference, ensuring a fair and representative election of office-bearers.

What were the main dates in the process of framing the Indian Constitution?

Key dates include the passing of the Objective Resolution on December 13, 1945, the adoption of the Constitution on November 26, 1949, and its enforcement on January 26, 1950.

Who was Sir B.N. Rao and what role did he play in the making of the Constitution?

Sir B.N. Rao was the Constitutional Advisor to the Constituent Assembly and played an instrumental role in guiding the process of drafting the Constitution. His expertise in law and governance was pivotal in shaping the document.

What were the special provisions made for the representation of Muslims, Sikhs, and other communities in the Constituent Assembly?

Special provisions were made to ensure proportional representation for various communities such as Muslims, Sikhs, and others. The seats were allocated based on population, ensuring their voices were adequately represented in the Constituent Assembly.

What was the total expenditure incurred in the making of the Indian Constitution?

The total expenditure for creating the Indian Constitution was ₹63,96,729. This included costs associated with research, documentation, and printing of the Constitution.