Road Safety Audit

Summary

This video script delves into the critical aspects of road safety audits, aiming to ensure the highest safety standards for all road users. It outlines the definition, objectives, and general attributes of a safe road, including proper alignment, cross-section, access control, and traffic management. The script details the audit process involving preparation, site inspections, and report findings, emphasizing the importance of identifying and addressing potential hazards at various stages of road development, from planning to post-opening.

Takeaways

• 🛣️ Road Safety Audit (RSA) is a formal examination of road planning, design, construction, and operation to identify potential safety hazards and ensure the highest standard of safety for all road users.
• 🎯 The goal of RSA is to ensure that all road projects and existing roads provide the highest practicable standard of traffic safety, considering the needs of all users.
• 🚦 Attributes of a safe road include appropriate horizontal and vertical alignment, proper road cross-section, access control, clear intersections, traffic signing, delineation, pavement quality, drainage, lighting, and overall traffic management.
• 🔍 RSA objectives include identifying potential safety hazards in new projects, assessing hazardous features in existing roads, ensuring safety requirements are considered in all stages of road projects, and reducing the overall risk of accidents.
• 📚 The RSA process involves seven steps: preparation of the audit brief, appointment of auditors, assembling background information, initial meetings, conducting the audit, preparing the report, and deciding on required actions.
• 📈 RSA is most effective when conducted at five key stages in highway development: feasibility and planning, draft design, detailed design, construction and pre-opening, and post-opening.
• 🏗️ During the construction stage, RSA focuses on traffic management, site inspections, compliance with construction standards, and ensuring safety for all road users during the construction period.
• 🌳 Post-opening audits of existing roads aim to identify and correct potential hazards proactively, considering wear and tear, traffic operations, and changes due to landscaping.
• 👷‍♂️ RSA guidelines were first published in 1997 by the Public Works Department of Malaysia, with the involvement of a senior road engineer and a road safety expert from Australia, Edward Button.
• 📋 The checklist for RSA at different stages includes various elements such as geometric design, road markings, street furniture, traffic control, and environmental considerations.
• 🚨 For existing roads, RSA checks for safety issues related to normal wear and tear, landscaping changes, and the adequacy of traffic management measures, with a focus on preventing accidents.

Q & A

What is the definition of a Road Safety Audit (RSA)?

A Road Safety Audit (RSA) is defined as the formal examination of the planning, design, and construction of a road project, as well as the characteristics and operation of an existing road by independent and qualified examiners to identify any potentially unsafe features or operational arrangements that may adversely affect the safety of any road user.

What is the primary goal of the road safety audit process?

The primary goal of the road safety audit process is to ensure that all road projects and existing roads are capable of providing the highest practicable standard of traffic safety for all road users.

What are the general attributes of a safe road according to the script?

A safe road has appropriate standards of horizontal and vertical alignment, a road cross-section with appropriate lane and shoulder provisions, access control consistent with the road's function, clearly visible and uncomplicated intersections, traffic signing with clear information, consistent delineation of the roadway, high standard of skid resistance, pavement with good drainage, appropriate street lighting, and overall traffic management that considers the needs of all road users.

What are the objectives of a road safety audit?

The objectives of a road safety audit are to identify potential safety hazards on new road projects at the appropriate stage, identify hazardous features of existing roads, ensure safety requirements of all users are considered in planning, design, construction, and operation of road projects, and reduce the overall risk of a road project to the community.

Who started the road safety audit work in Malaysia and when?

Road safety audit work started in Malaysia in 1995 under the supervision of senior road engineers and a road safety expert from Australia, Edward Button.

What are the seven steps involved in the procedure for a road safety audit?

The seven steps are: 1) Preparation of the audit brief, appointment of the auditor, and appointment of the independent assessor. 2) Assembling background information for the road to be audited. 3) Initial meeting with auditors and handing over plans and documents. 4) Carrying out the audit and site inspection. 5) Preparing the audit report. 6) Completion meeting presentation and discussion of audit findings. 7) Deciding on the action required on the audit findings.

At what stages of highway development are road safety audits most appropriately carried out?

Road safety audits are most appropriately carried out at five stages: feasibility and planning, draft design, detailed design, construction and pre-opening, and post-opening stages.

What is the significance of the feasibility and planning stage in road safety audits?

The feasibility and planning stage is significant as it helps identify safety problems associated with the overall concept of the project, road network safety implications, and strategy issues such as access control and provisions for various road user groups, which may need special emphasis.

What are some of the issues considered during the preliminary design stage of a road safety audit?

During the preliminary design stage, issues such as cross-section elements, intersections, interchanges, carriageway layout, traffic control options, vertical and horizontal alignment standards, and right-of-way requirements are considered.

What are the key aspects checked during the detailed design stage of a road safety audit?

In the detailed design stage, the audit checks the geometric design, road markings, street furniture, landscape, and clear zones, as well as the final grading, drainage, and landscaping design, and the placement of traffic signing, traffic controls, and street lighting.

What is the purpose of the pre-opening stage audit in road safety audits?

The purpose of the pre-opening stage audit is to conduct site inspections of the project both by day and at night, just prior to its practical completion or opening to traffic, to ensure that the project opens in the best condition to provide safe and efficient operation.

What does a road safety audit of an existing road aim to identify and correct?

A road safety audit of an existing road aims to identify and correct potential hazards before accidents occur due to them. It is proactive, focusing on safety problems that may have developed due to wear and tear, traffic operations, and changes in the environment such as obstructing traffic signs or impaired sight distance.

What are the key items checked during the road safety audit of street lighting at stage 5?

During the road safety audit of street lighting at stage 5, key items checked include the provision of through lighting on roads and highways, the appropriate standard and consistency of lighting with the needs of the location and pedestrians, and the identification of any street lighting poles that may constitute a hazard to traffic.

What are the considerations for traffic signing during a road safety audit at stage 5?

During a road safety audit at stage 5, considerations for traffic signing include checking the general aspects of the traffic signs, ensuring appropriate regulatory and warning signs are provided where necessary, and confirming that guide and directional signs are systematic, logical, and meet the needs of unfamiliar drivers.

What are the general traffic management items checked in a road safety audit at stage 5?

In a road safety audit at stage 5, general traffic management items checked include special provisions for motorcycles and pedestrians, the adequacy and credibility of existing speed enforcement, effectiveness of speed limit signs, considerations for substandard geometries, placement of rumble strips, and the use of retro-reflective materials on substandard locations.

Outlines

00:00

🚦 Introduction to Road Safety Audits

This paragraph introduces the concept of road safety audits, which are formal examinations of road planning, design, construction, and operation to ensure the highest safety standards for all road users. It defines the goal of the audit process and discusses the general attributes of a safe road, including appropriate alignment, cross-section design, access control, and traffic management. The paragraph also outlines the objectives of road safety audits, which include identifying potential hazards, ensuring safety requirements are considered, and reducing the overall risk of accidents.

05:02

🛠️ Guidelines and Procedure for Road Safety Audits

This paragraph delves into the guidelines for road safety audits, which originated in Malaysia in 1995 under the supervision of Edward Button, a road safety expert from Australia. It outlines the seven-step procedure for conducting a road safety audit, from the preparation of the audit brief to the decision-making on required actions based on audit findings. The paragraph also discusses the five stages of highway development where road safety audits are most appropriately carried out, highlighting the importance of auditing at each stage to identify and mitigate safety hazards.

10:03

🏗️ Stages of Road Safety Audits in Highway Development

This paragraph provides an in-depth look at the five stages of road safety audits in the context of highway development. It explains the significance of each stage, from the feasibility and planning stage, where initial safety implications are considered, to the post-opening stage, where the safety performance of the road is evaluated. The paragraph emphasizes the importance of auditing at each stage to ensure that safety is a priority throughout the development process, including during construction and after the road is opened to traffic.

15:04

🚧 Auditing Traffic Management and Construction Safety

This paragraph focuses on the pre-opening stage of road safety audits, where site inspections are conducted to evaluate the safety of the construction project. It discusses the importance of auditing traffic management during construction and ensuring that safety barriers are placed appropriately to protect vehicles. The paragraph also highlights the need to correct any safety deficiencies found during the inspection, such as improper guardrails and other hazards, before the road is opened to traffic.

20:05

🚦 Road Safety Audits for Existing Roads and Traffic Management

This paragraph addresses the fifth stage of road safety audits, which involves auditing existing roads to identify and correct potential hazards before they cause accidents. It emphasizes the proactive nature of these audits, which aim to be preventive rather than reactive. The paragraph outlines the various aspects that are checked during these audits, including alignment, cross sections, intersections, interchanges, traffic signals, street lighting, and traffic signing. It also discusses the importance of considering the needs of all road user groups and ensuring that the road environment is safe and efficient.

Keywords

💡Road Safety Audit

A Road Safety Audit (RSA) is a systematic examination of a road's planning, design, construction, and operation to identify potential safety hazards. The main theme of the video revolves around the importance of RSAs in ensuring the highest possible safety for road users. The script mentions that RSAs are conducted by independent and qualified examiners to mitigate adverse effects on safety.

💡Horizontal and Vertical Alignment

These terms refer to the flat (horizontal) and sloped (vertical) aspects of a road's design. The script emphasizes that a safe road has appropriate alignment standards to suit the environment, which is crucial for maintaining safe speeds and sight distances for drivers.

💡Road Cross Section

The road cross section is the transverse profile of a road, including elements like lanes, shoulders, and medians. The script points out that a safe road has an appropriate cross section that caters to various traffic volumes and is part of the general attributes of a safe road.

💡Access Control

Access control pertains to the regulation of points of entry and exit along a road to enhance safety and traffic flow. The video script discusses the importance of consistent access control that matches the road's function within the overall road network.

💡Intersection

An intersection is a point where two or more roads meet. The script describes safe intersections as having clear visibility, uncomplicated design, and appropriate traffic control to ensure the safety of all user groups.

💡Traffic Signing

Traffic signing involves the use of signs to convey regulatory, warning, and directional information to road users. The video script highlights the need for clear, positive, and unambiguous signing to guide road users safely.

💡Delineation

Delineation refers to the physical and visual guidance provided along the sides of a road to define its boundaries and edges. The script mentions consistent delineation as part of the general attributes of a safe road, helping to prevent accidents.

💡Pavement

The pavement is the surface of the road intended for vehicle travel. The script notes that a high standard of skid resistance and good drainage are essential for a safe pavement, contributing to the overall safety of the road.

💡Street Lighting

Street lighting provides illumination along roads, especially in areas with low visibility. The video script includes appropriate street lighting as one of the general attributes of a safe road, enhancing visibility for all road users.

💡Traffic Management

Traffic management encompasses strategies and measures to control and direct traffic flow safely and efficiently. The script discusses overall traffic management that considers the needs of all road users as a key aspect of road safety.

💡Audit Brief

An audit brief is a document that outlines the scope, objectives, and requirements of an audit. In the context of the video, the audit brief is the starting point for the road safety audit process, guiding the auditors in their examination of the road project.

💡Site Inspection

Site inspection is a part of the audit process where auditors visit the location to be audited to observe and assess its conditions. The script mentions site inspections as a crucial step in the RSA process, allowing auditors to identify issues that may not be evident from plans alone.

💡Audit Report

An audit report is a document that summarizes the findings, observations, and recommendations from an audit. The video script describes the preparation of the audit report as a key step in documenting the results of the RSA and informing necessary actions.

💡Safety Performance

Safety performance refers to the effectiveness of a road in preventing accidents and ensuring the safety of its users. The script discusses auditing the safety performance during the defects liability period and the importance of proactive measures to address potential hazards.

💡Feasibility and Planning Stage

The feasibility and planning stage is the initial phase of a project where the concept and network adequacy are assessed. The video script emphasizes the importance of conducting an RSA during this stage to avoid safety issues that may arise from poor initial planning.

💡Draft Design Stage

The draft design stage is when preliminary decisions about the functional design of a road are made. The script notes that RSA at this stage focuses on aspects such as cross-section elements, intersection design, and the safety implications of various design features.

💡Detailed Design Stage

The detailed design stage is where specific design decisions are finalized. The video script explains that an RSA at this stage tests design decisions against safety objectives and identifies potential hazards resulting from design choices.

💡Construction and Pre-Opening Stage

The construction and pre-opening stage is the phase where the road is being built and prepared for use. The script mentions that an RSA at this stage involves site inspections to ensure that safety standards are met before the road is opened to traffic.

💡Post-Opening Stage

The post-opening stage is the period after a road has been opened to traffic. The video script describes the purpose of an RSA at this stage as identifying and correcting potential hazards that may develop over time due to wear and tear or changes in the road environment.

Highlights

Road Safety Audit (RSA) is defined as a formal examination of road planning, design, construction, and operation to identify potentially unsafe features.

The goal of RSA is to ensure the highest practicable standard of traffic safety for all road users.

A safe road has appropriate horizontal and vertical alignment standards suited to its environment.

Road cross-section should have appropriate lane and shoulder provisions for various traffic volumes.

Access control should be consistent with the road's function in the overall road network.

Clear and uncomplicated intersections with appropriate traffic control are essential for road safety.

Traffic signing should provide clear advice, warning, and unambiguous directional information.

Consistent delineation of the roadway and high standards of skid resistance and pavement drainage are crucial.

Appropriate street lighting and overall traffic management are key components of a safe road.

The RSA process involves seven steps, including preparation, site inspection, and deciding on required actions.

RSA is most effective when conducted at five key stages of highway development: feasibility, draft design, detailed design, pre-opening, and post-opening.

The feasibility and planning stage is critical for identifying safety implications of overall project concepts and road network safety.

Draft design stage focuses on functional design, access control, and safety for vulnerable road users.

Detailed design stage examines geometric design, road markings, and street furniture for safety compliance.

Pre-opening stage involves site inspections to ensure safety before the project opens to traffic.

Post-opening stage audits focus on identifying and correcting potential hazards on existing roads to prevent accidents.

RSA guidelines were first published in 1997 by the Public Works Department of Malaysia.

Audits during construction should ensure traffic management safety and compliance with construction standards.

Stage 5 audits of existing roads are proactive, aiming to identify and correct safety problems before they cause accidents.

Day and night inspections are essential for Stage 5 audits to check visibility and adequacy of road markings and delineation.

The RSA process includes checks for special provisions for vulnerable road users such as pedestrians and motorcyclists.

RSA Stage 5 also evaluates the effectiveness of speed limit signs and the need for additional traffic calming measures.

Sharp curves in rural areas can be accident-prone; RSA Stage 5 suggests treatments like advisory speed signs and good delineation.

Transcripts

hello this video is is on road safety

audit which is to ensure that the roads

being constructed to the highest

possible safety for the road users first

we start with the definition and goal of

road safety ordeal road safety or D may

be defined as the formal examination of

the planning design and construction of

a road project and the characteristics

and operation of an existing road by

independent and qualified examiner's to

identify any potentially unsafe feature

or operational arrangement that may

adversely affect their safety of any

road user so the goal of road safety

audit process is to ensure that all road

projects and all existing rules are

capable of providing the highest

practicable standard of traffic safety

for all road users before we go into

road safety audit we like to discuss

what are the general attributes of a

safe rule well a safe road has standards

of horizontal and vertical alignment

which are appropriate to the environment

second road cross section with

appropriate ly linen shoulder provisions

catering for the various traffic volume

access control consistent with the

function of the road in the overall road

network and a clearly visible and

uncomplicated intersection with

appropriate traffic control providing

safe movement for all user groups well

but traffic signing with clear advice

positive warning and ambiguous

directional information and you create

an consistent delineation of the roadway

high standard of skip resistance

pavement with good drainage

appropriate street lighting and lastly

overall traffic management management

which properly considers the needs of

all road users so these are the general

attributes of a safe road what are the

objectives of route safety audit the

objective of the road safety audit is

first to identify potential safety

hazards on new road projects at the

appropriate stage so that they can be

eliminated or otherwise treated to

mitigate the adverse effects at minimum

causes second the identification of

hazardous features of an existing group

so that they can be eliminated or

otherwise treated before they become

accident prone locations that to ensure

that the safety requirements of all

users are explicitly considered in the

planning design construction and

operation of road projects and fourth to

reduce the overall to life most of a

route project to the community ok we now

talk about guidelines for road safety

audit road safety audit work started in

Malaysia in 1995 on selected existing

routes under the supervision of senior

road engineer and a road safety expert

from Australia which is Edward button

the team put together guidelines for

road safety audit that were first

published in 1997 on your right is the

guidelines which is published by the

public works department of nature in

1997 the procedure for road safety audit

involves seven steps as shown in the

slide first is the step 1 which is the

preparation of the audit brief the

appointment of the auditor and the

appointment of the independent Assessor

the second step is the assembling the

background information for the road to

be audited the plan to be audited and

other documents required body for safety

or did step three involved initial

meeting with the auditors and handing

over the plan and other documents for

the audit and also discussions and

arrangement for the site inspection step

4

if worth involve carrying out or doing

the audit and summoning the plan and

site inspection step 5

preparing the audit report

step 6 completion meeting presentation

and discussion of the audit findings and

finally step 7 is deciding on the action

required on the audit findings there are

five stages in the development of

highway for all projects at which it is

most appropriately to carry out the road

safety audit

Stage one which is the feasibility and

planning stage where there is planning

concept network adequacy Road hierarchy

step two is the draft design stage where

our se or ctod is carried out on the

functional design access control on the

vulnerable road users using two daily

route to be constructed injunction type

and others

Stage three involve the detailed design

stage where our city audit is carried

out on the geometric design road

markings street furniture landscape and

tear zones and others Stage four involve

the construction and pre opening stage

whereby the audit is carried out on the

traffic management during construction

site inspection and construction

compliances clear opening day and

nighttime inspir

and finally stage 5 is the post opening

stage where the audit is carried out on

the safety performance during the

defects likely be period or auditing of

an existing rule you now discuss on the

stage 1 which is a feasibility and

planning stage this is the police

recognized stage of the routes safety

audit which may not be always applicable

particularly on very simple projects or

those involving only minor improvements

such as road rehabilitation worlds it is

particularly desirable to audit on video

transport infrastructure projects and

planning and feasibility stage to avoid

commitments which in later stages have

unfortunate safety consequences at this

stage of the road city and it will

identify safety problems associated with

the overall concept for project the road

network safety implication group options

intersection and interchanges types and

locations this dish also will consider

the safety implications of strategy

issues such as access control and

provisions for various root user groups

such as pedestrian cyclist motorcyclists

heavy Trump and others which may need

special emphasis generally on a

particular part of a project this is the

checklist provided in the road safety or

the guidelines for stage 1 which is the

planning and feasibility stage so in

this slide shows the information

required for the ADI and the other items

which involve road network effects

general geometric standards outline

provisions for users with special needs

access control details environmental

consideration

lassic consideration of alternatives

this slide shows the land-use and

traffic management which is normally

considered during stage one this shows

what other land uses for the delivered

development in the area and the rural

network provider so at stage one we will

look at the land use and traffic

management Stage two of the road safety

or the end of the draft of luminary

State design station at the preliminary

design stage many of the traffic

engineering features of a road project

and establish most of this such as cross

section elements intersections and

interchange they are lean and create

carriageway they are traffic control

options vertical and horizontal

alignment standards have a mark effect

on the safety performance of a project

furthermore it is generally at this

stage that the right-of-way requirements

are finalized and if this is not

advocate it may lock in unsatisfactory

design features this slide shows the

preliminary for the rental and vertical

alignment of a road project some of the

issues during stage 2 design involve the

intersection design which there are many

safety issues involved so at this

particular stage consideration must be

made for the type of intersection to be

used particularly junctions which have

high traffic volume in the stage 3 of

the the road safety audit is the stage

where detailed design is being carried

out in carrying out the detail design

designers are continually made

balances of judgment in the selection

and application of standards and guides

to meet the specific site conditions

relevant to each particular project the

road safety audit at this stage will

test the design decisions made against

the road safety objectives and will

identify aspects in which safety has not

been given high enough waiting

compared to other competing factors it

will also identify potential hazards

resulting from adverse combination of

vertical and horizontal alignment or

from choosing a series of minimum or

maximum design criteria other

undesirable features associated the

final grading drainage and landscaping

design as well as those arising from the

price traffic signing traffic controls

and street lighting which will be

finalized in the detailed design stage

can also be identified at this stage of

audit this slide shows some of the

weakness of the design of an Junction

which is located just outside a curve so

in this particular Junction drivers have

difficulty judging the deceleration when

they cannot see the highway carriageway

or the location of the stop line so the

approach sight distance in this case is

very important to be considered and this

must be checked in the detailed design

stage this slide sourced the detailed

design of horizontal and vertical

alignment the horizontal and vertical

alignment should have a consistent speed

and sight distance standard the design

speed of the horizontal curve at the end

of the straight from the south in this

example would be carefully checked in

this case the relatively steep grave of

seven point two six percent would help

reduce vehicle speeds as the entered is

curved so while it may appear to be

substandard it could be satisfactory

in assignment this slide shows the lack

of a deceleration lane at this high

speed exit ramp which is which would be

a safety problem you can see in this

slide also know that the unprotected

no-go area is a hazard

place in appropriate high barrier type

of curve is being used and also the

right light poles or lighting poles in a

vulnerable area so these things actually

can be rectified

during the detailed design stage and not

a big construction stage stage 4 of this

road safety audit is the pre opening

stage audit at this stage involve site

inspection of a project both by day and

at night and or just prior to its

practical completion or just prior to

the opening of a new project to traffic

the auditors can now see the project in

three dimensions and including any

changes modifications with during

construction the actual placement of

items such as got rails traffic sign

angeles street lighting landscaping a

look in detail and particular emphasis

should be given to checking that the

respective needs of all our user groups

me desirable safety standards this will

be the last chance to make sure that the

project open to the traffic in the best

condition to provide safe and efficient

operation so the stage for audit

generally also includes the audit of

traffic management in and around the

world earlier during the period of

construction such auditing is usually

done as early as possible in the

construction piece and periodically

during construction as may be necessary

to cover changes to the traffic

management as the work progresses this

slide shows the traffic management

during construction

and you notice that safety barriers are

placed at the appropriate place

appropriate locations so that they can

ensure the safety of the vehicle passing

through this construction site

this light shows some safety

deficiencies which can be which can be

sent on located during the route safety

or the stage form for example on the top

picture or photo and improper gabriele

to obliterate to the bridge real

connection can be corrected during the

construction stage the cut real should

be constant or continuous instead of the

this photo shows which is discontinuous

and at the bottom picture shows the

bridge approach cut reel which runs off

the brush onto the embankment resulting

in a decree ground support for the post

if the vehicle the vehicles approach

this guardrail

it can easily be dislodge so a proper

placement of gradual is important and

this can can be can be shown after

inspection of the construction finally

for Stage five which is the road safety

audit of an existing Road road safety

audits are designed for also on the

existing routes regardless of them

having been audited during planning

design and construction Stage five type

audits of existing roads may include

sections under construction or

undergoing maintenance operations the

stage 5 or the attempts to identify and

correct potential hazards before

accidents occur due to them that it it

is more proactive rather than reactive

an audit at this stage will identify

safety problems we should develop due to

normal wear and tear

traffic operations it will also identify

hazards due to the way the landscaping

has matured such as trees and foliage

obstructing traffic signs or sight

distance being impaired inspections by

day and night are insane essential to

check-in adequacies in delineation and

visibility apart from any relevant plans

the auditor sure has available data on

the accident history along the road and

traffic laws so that a proper assessment

can be made all of the road safety

performance again the stage 5 audit will

particularly look at the way issue who

wrote user groups is the route from

their particular safety viewpoint this

slide and the following slides will show

the checklist for route safety or J or

the stage 5 among the checklist includes

vertical and horizontal alignment as

shown in this slide as well also the

checking and Oddie of cross sections

where the items are shown in this slide

the audit of intersection which includes

the site distances general layout

features which have the following items

as shown in the slide so these things

must be properly audited to ensure that

the existing road is also for expressway

and other interchanges these are the

checklist which is required for the

route safety or the stage 5 these are

the interchanges of appropriately

located and space and physiological

traffic management strategy for the

region so the note the situations of

incompatibility of mixing every

intersection and interchanges and on the

same route appropriate and consistent

standard of layout Java 3 exits at exit

n

and three Rams identify locations where

the provisions of salarians is

inadequate the start and end deepest of

auxilary lanes we check ram alignment

and lang is consistent with the speed of

traffic entering the RAM bearing in mind

deceleration refinements and lightly

cueing of vehicles at ram intersection 4

and also finally the sight distance

required for entry and exhibit points

for traffic signal in installations road

safety or the stage 5 checkers these are

the items that you should be checked

traffic signals are provided only where

warranted for safe efficient and

equitable management of traffic flow

provision of location and spacing of

traffic signal such a sensible traffic

management strategy signal installs are

operating effectively and efficiently

ensure that there is inadequate where

there is where there is inadequate

signal hardware whose safely control the

various traffic movements we should we

should ensure that the signal spaces are

a new field then the signal hardware and

filling providers you create also for

pedestrian and other vulnerable road

users

finally the positioning and visibility

or signal faces and they require

instances the visibility must be

therefore the signal faces this slide

shows the road safety audit of street

lighting at stage 5 you must check and

ensure that through lighting is provided

on at the railroads and highways and

other Belov areas we must ensure that

where the lighting is installed it is of

appropriate standard consistence with

the needs of location pedestrian and

other factors we have to identify

location so a street lighting for poles

constitute

hazard to traffic such as on small

island gnosis of medians and outside of

shaft curves for situations where street

lighting also could be limited by joint

sharing of traffic signal Podesta's and

electric power poles and that the

arrangement of street lights enhances

the guidance rather than conscious

drivers ability to see the direction of

the here for traffic signing we need to

check the general aspects of the

traffic's I assign ages and then for

regulatory and warning sign ages we also

need to ensure the appropriate

regulatory science are provided where

necessary and warning signs have been

used only where they are warranted for

guide and Direction signs we need to

check that light and Direction signs

have been done in a systematic route

original strategy that is not logical

and meets the needs of unfamiliar

drivers so the rest are the requirements

of the guide and directions sign other

items that need to be checked for road

safety audit Stage five is also a

pavement markings and route safety and

leaves landscaping as shown in this

slide so there are there are the various

items which need to be checked and

audited for non safety audit stations

and finally we need also to check the

general traffic management items which

is solely shown in these slides so there

are many items which we require to check

special provisions from for example

special provisions for motorcycle liens

degree of safety afforded to pedestrians

adequacy and credibility of existing

speed deviance effectiveness of this

speed limit sign ages

consider the need for positive advice on

substandard girls and low-speed

cross-sections and Delia nation

requirements for substandard curves and

the placement of several science on day

and the use of red retro-reflective

starts on on locations which are

substandard so these are the general

traffic management items which are

required to be checked in road safety

audit Stage five this last slide shows

the sharp curve at the end of a long

street in a rural rural area which takes

the drivers by surprise and quickly

become accident-prone

the use of advisory speed signs with a

curved warning sign and a good

delineation of the curve is the

preferred treatment so this is some of

the things which we need to consider

during the road safety audit Stage five