PROF RACHMAT KRIYANTONO (PROF RK): Keabsahan Data PENELITIAN KONSTRUKTIVISTIK 1

Summary

The video discusses the importance of validity and reliability in research, emphasizing their role in ensuring the quality of data in both quantitative and qualitative studies. It explains how these concepts are associated with positivistic and constructivist paradigms, respectively. The speaker highlights methods to ensure data authenticity, such as building rapport with informants and creating a comfortable interview environment. Additionally, the speaker stresses the need for unbiased questioning and active listening in qualitative research to ensure the authenticity of responses, ultimately leading to meaningful insights.

Takeaways

• 😀 Validity and reliability are essential for ensuring the quality of data in research, whether quantitative or qualitative.
• 😀 Validity refers to the accuracy of the measurement tools in capturing the intended data, while reliability indicates consistency in those tools over time.
• 😀 Positivistic research, often associated with quantitative methods, focuses on numerical data and aims for objective measurement.
• 😀 Constructivist research, commonly associated with qualitative methods, emphasizes understanding subjective experiences and perspectives.
• 😀 Authenticity (autentisitas) in qualitative research ensures that the data reflects the real, undistorted views of informants.
• 😀 Building rapport with informants is key to gathering authentic, in-depth, and natural responses during qualitative research.
• 😀 Research in a natural setting, such as observing consumers in a café, requires time and effort to integrate with the community and gain trust.
• 😀 Context is crucial when conducting interviews—researchers should avoid intimidating settings and create environments where informants feel comfortable to speak freely.
• 😀 Researchers should avoid leading questions that introduce concepts, allowing informants to express their ideas without bias.
• 😀 Questions should be open-ended to allow informants to share their true perspectives, as opposed to directing them toward specific answers.
• 😀 The researcher's role is to listen deeply, avoid interrupting, and probe further to understand the full scope of the informant's response.

Q & A

What is the role of validity and reliability in research?

Validity and reliability are used to ensure the quality of data. Validity ensures that the data accurately measures what it is supposed to measure, while reliability ensures that the measurement tool is consistent and does not change over time.

Why are validity and reliability often associated with quantitative research?

Validity and reliability are often associated with quantitative research because this type of research is predominantly data-driven, and these concepts help ensure the data is accurate and consistent.

Can validity and reliability be applied to qualitative research?

Yes, validity and reliability can be applied to qualitative research. However, they are often adapted to suit the context of qualitative data, which is typically more subjective and descriptive.

What is 'authenticity' in the context of qualitative research?

Authenticity refers to the genuineness of data. It means that the responses from informants are truthful, detailed, and unaltered, reflecting real experiences or opinions.

What is one strategy to ensure data authenticity in qualitative research?

One strategy to ensure authenticity is to build rapport with informants, making them feel comfortable and trust the researcher. This trust encourages open and honest responses.

Why is it important to establish rapport with informants in qualitative research?

Establishing rapport is important because it helps create a comfortable environment where informants feel safe and are more likely to provide honest, detailed, and authentic responses.

How does context influence qualitative data collection?

Context is important in qualitative research because the setting in which interviews or observations take place can affect the informants' comfort level and openness. For example, an interview at a workplace may lead to more guarded responses due to fear of judgment.

Why should researchers avoid asking leading questions in qualitative research?

Researchers should avoid leading questions because they can bias the informant’s responses. Leading questions direct the informant toward a specific answer, which compromises the authenticity of the data.

What is the danger of asking informants questions based on theoretical concepts in qualitative research?

Asking informants about theoretical concepts can lead to misunderstandings or biased answers because the informants may not be familiar with the concepts, leading them to provide answers that are influenced by the researcher's own interpretations.

How can a researcher ensure they are not influencing informant responses during an interview?

To avoid influencing responses, the researcher should ask open-ended questions, refrain from introducing theoretical concepts, and listen actively without interrupting, allowing informants to share their views freely and without pressure.