SEJARAH AKUNTANSI DI DUNIA DAN DI INDONESIA

Summary

This video explores the history of accounting, from its origins in 1494 with Luca Pacioli's double-entry bookkeeping to its evolution across Europe and into Indonesia. The script highlights the global spread of accounting systems, particularly the Anglo-Saxon method, and how Indonesia transitioned from the Continental system to the Anglo-Saxon system after 1960 due to educational and economic shifts. It also discusses the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (PSAK) in Indonesia to improve financial transparency and align with global practices.

Takeaways

• 😀 Accounting originated in 1494 when mathematician Luca Pacioli documented double-entry bookkeeping methods.
• 😀 Pacioli's book taught business owners how to manage finances using a paired-entry system.
• 😀 Double-entry bookkeeping spread throughout Western Europe and developed significantly during the medieval period.
• 😀 Trade migration from Venice, Italy, to Western Europe contributed to the spread of accounting practices.
• 😀 As accounting spread, new versions emerged, such as the Continental system in the Netherlands and Anglo-Saxon system in England and America.
• 😀 The Anglo-Saxon accounting system became the most widely used due to its ease of recording transactions.
• 😀 The Anglo-Saxon system integrates all aspects of bookkeeping into a single accounting framework, unlike other systems that separate them.
• 😀 In Indonesia, accounting began during the Dutch colonial period with the Continental system, based on Pacioli’s teachings.
• 😀 After 1960, American accounting practices were introduced to Indonesia, shifting the country’s system from Continental to Anglo-Saxon.
• 😀 The 1957 Irian Barat confrontation led to the withdrawal of Indonesian students from the Netherlands, bringing them to study in other countries, including the U.S., thus accelerating the shift to Anglo-Saxon accounting in Indonesia.
• 😀 The introduction of foreign investment in Indonesia also positively impacted the growth and adaptation of Anglo-Saxon accounting practices.
• 😀 Over time, Indonesia adopted the Indonesian Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK) to align with global financial reporting standards and improve transparency and quality of financial reports.

Q & A

Who is credited with the development of double-entry bookkeeping, and when did it occur?

Luca Pacioli, an Italian mathematician, is credited with the development of double-entry bookkeeping in 1494.

What is the significance of double-entry bookkeeping in accounting?

Double-entry bookkeeping allows for accurate and balanced financial record-keeping by ensuring every transaction affects two accounts, providing a clear and systematic method for tracking finances.

How did the double-entry bookkeeping system spread in Europe?

The system spread primarily through trade, particularly during the Middle Ages, as merchants in Western Europe, including those in Venice, Italy, began adopting and refining the system.

What are the key differences between the Continental and Anglo-Saxon accounting systems?

The Continental system, which was influenced by Luca Pacioli’s work, is more complex, often separating bookkeeping from accounting. In contrast, the Anglo-Saxon system combines bookkeeping and accounting, making it more streamlined and easier to use for a wider variety of transactions.

Why is the Anglo-Saxon accounting system the most widely used?

The Anglo-Saxon system is the most widely used because it simplifies record-keeping by integrating bookkeeping and accounting, which makes it more efficient and adaptable to various transactions.

How did the accounting system in Indonesia evolve during the Dutch colonial period?

During the Dutch colonial period, Indonesia used the Continental system of accounting, which was a reflection of the influence of European practices at the time.

What significant event in 1957 impacted the study of accounting in Indonesia?

In 1957, the confrontation over Irian Barat led to Indonesian students studying in the Netherlands being recalled, many of whom continued their studies in countries like the United States, influencing the adoption of new accounting systems in Indonesia.

How did foreign investment affect accounting practices in Indonesia?

Foreign investment helped accelerate the adoption of the Anglo-Saxon accounting system in Indonesia, bringing in international practices and standards that improved financial transparency and efficiency.

What role did PSAK play in the development of accounting in Indonesia?

PSAK (Indonesian Financial Accounting Standards) was introduced to align Indonesia's accounting practices with international standards, improving financial transparency and the quality of financial reporting.

What were the key outcomes of the transition from Continental to Anglo-Saxon accounting systems in Indonesia?

The key outcomes of the transition included better integration of Indonesia’s accounting system with global practices, increased transparency in financial reporting, and the eventual adoption of the PSAK to standardize accounting practices across the country.