Diagramas electricos ⚡ como leer planos electricos 🔥🔥🔥

Summary

In this video, an industrial electrical instructor explains the essential electrical symbols used in control circuits, focusing on both NEMA and IEC standards. The instructor covers key components like relays, switches, fuses, motors, and more, demonstrating how these elements are represented in circuit diagrams. The video also explores the differences between NEMA and IEC symbols and provides a practical example of a motor start/stop circuit. It's a great resource for electricians, engineers, and anyone involved in electrical maintenance and projects.

Takeaways

• 😀 The NEMA and IEC electrical symbols are used to interpret and design electrical control circuits in industrial settings.
• 😀 Understanding these symbols is crucial for electricians, engineers, and maintenance personnel to read electrical diagrams efficiently.
• 😀 Commonly used symbols include normally open and normally closed contacts, which control the flow of electricity in circuits.
• 😀 A normally open contact is a switch that remains open until energized, while a normally closed contact stays closed until activated.
• 😀 Circuit breakers, fuses, and thermal overload protectors are also represented in these symbol systems, with specific graphical representations.
• 😀 Buttons like emergency stop buttons are typically represented as normally open or normally closed in the diagrams.
• 😀 Electric motors are symbolized with an 'M' in both NEMA and IEC standards, with specific variants for AC and DC motors.
• 😀 Additional components, such as transformers, lamps, and limit switches, have distinct symbols that differentiate them from other devices.
• 😀 NEMA and IEC symbols for electrical components help in designing and interpreting complex electrical diagrams for industrial plants and smaller systems.
• 😀 The video also demonstrates how to interpret and create simple electrical control diagrams, such as a motor start-stop circuit, using the discussed symbols.

Q & A

What is the significance of electrical symbols like NEMA and IEC in industrial control systems?

Electrical symbols like NEMA and IEC provide standardized representations of electrical components, making it easier for professionals in the electrical industry to design, interpret, and maintain electrical circuits. These symbols simplify communication and ensure consistency across diagrams, regardless of language or region.

What is a 'normally open' contact in electrical control systems?

A 'normally open' contact is a switch that, when de-energized, remains open, meaning no electrical current passes through it. When energized, it closes, allowing current to flow through the circuit.

What does a 'normally closed' contact do?

A 'normally closed' contact is a switch that remains closed under normal (de-energized) conditions, allowing current to flow. When energized, it opens, interrupting the flow of electricity.

What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical control system?

A fuse is a safety device designed to protect the circuit from overcurrent. If the current exceeds a safe level, the fuse melts and breaks the circuit, preventing damage to other components.

What does the sinusoidal wave symbol represent in electrical control systems?

The sinusoidal wave symbol typically represents a thermal or overload protection device, which is designed to prevent excessive heat build-up and damage to electrical components by automatically interrupting the circuit if overheating occurs.

How does a 'push-button' emergency stop work in a control circuit?

A push-button emergency stop is a safety feature that, when pressed, immediately interrupts the power supply and halts the operation of machinery. It is usually connected to a normally open contact, which closes when activated, stopping the circuit.

How is an electric motor represented in NEMA and IEC symbols?

In NEMA symbols, an electric motor is typically represented by the letter 'M'. In IEC symbols, the motor is represented with additional context, such as a symbol for AC or DC motors depending on the type.

What is the function of a relay coil in an electrical circuit?

A relay coil is an electromagnet that, when energized, closes or opens specific contacts to control the flow of current in the circuit. It acts as a switch that can control higher power circuits with low power control signals.

What does a transformer symbol represent, and why is it important?

A transformer symbol represents a device used to transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. It is important for stepping voltage up or down, which is essential for the safe operation of electrical equipment.

Can you explain how a start-stop motor control circuit works based on the diagram provided in the script?

In the motor control circuit, pressing the start button energizes the relay coil, closing a contact that allows current to flow to the motor. If a stop button is pressed or an overload occurs, the circuit opens, cutting power to the motor. A parallel contact from the relay maintains the circuit closed once the motor starts, ensuring continuous operation until the stop condition is met.