10 Muestreo cualitativo

Summary

This video script explains the concept of qualitative sampling, highlighting its differences from quantitative methods. In qualitative research, the goal is not to generalize findings to a larger population but to gain deep insights from a carefully selected group. The researcher must justify the selection of participants based on specific characteristics that make them relevant to the study. The video also outlines various sampling types such as typical, extreme, unique, expert, and convenience cases, emphasizing the importance of a clear rationale for including subjects in the research.

Takeaways

• 😀 The population includes all individuals that could be considered for a study, while the sample is a subset of the population.
• 😀 Quantitative sampling aims to make generalizations about the entire population, while qualitative sampling focuses on understanding specific cases or subjects.
• 😀 Qualitative sampling is intentional; researchers select specific individuals or groups based on particular characteristics that make them important to the study.
• 😀 The sample in qualitative research is not intended to be representative of the entire population, but rather to provide in-depth understanding of specific cases.
• 😀 Researchers need to justify why they select certain subjects, explaining the characteristics that make them relevant to the study.
• 😀 In qualitative research, the sample can include typical cases, extreme cases, unique cases, expert cases, or convenience-based cases.
• 😀 Typical cases are used to illustrate common occurrences, while extreme cases focus on outliers or unusual instances to gain deeper insights.
• 😀 Unique cases involve rare or singular examples, such as those found in psychoanalysis, where only a few cases are studied.
• 😀 Expert cases are selected for their specialized knowledge or expertise on a particular topic, which adds value to the research.
• 😀 Convenience-based sampling is when researchers select subjects because they are easily accessible or available, often due to logistical reasons.
• 😀 The clarity in the selection of subjects is crucial in qualitative research, as researchers must explain why particular individuals are chosen and what makes them special for the study.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of qualitative sampling?

The main purpose of qualitative sampling is to select specific cases or individuals to gain a deep, detailed understanding of a particular phenomenon. It is not aimed at making broad generalizations about the population, unlike quantitative sampling.

How does qualitative sampling differ from quantitative sampling?

Qualitative sampling focuses on understanding a specific subset of the population, while quantitative sampling aims to make inferences about the entire population based on a sample. In qualitative research, the goal is not generalization, but rather an in-depth exploration of the selected cases.

What is the role of intentionality in qualitative sampling?

Intentionality in qualitative sampling refers to the deliberate selection of participants or cases based on specific criteria. The researcher justifies why certain individuals are chosen and outlines the unique characteristics that make them relevant to the study.

Why is it important to justify the selection of subjects in qualitative research?

Justifying the selection of subjects is important because it helps clarify why certain individuals or cases are relevant to the study. This ensures that the research focuses on the most meaningful and informative cases rather than arbitrary choices.

What are typical cases in qualitative sampling?

Typical cases are the most common or representative examples of a particular phenomenon. They help provide insight into what is normal or expected in a given context, allowing the researcher to study the 'average' or 'standard' situation.

What are extreme cases in qualitative sampling?

Extreme cases are outliers or unusual instances that may provide valuable insights into the edges of a phenomenon. For example, studying an exceptionally high-performing school in a rural area can shed light on unique factors that contribute to its success.

What are unique cases in qualitative sampling?

Unique cases are rare or one-of-a-kind instances that provide special insights into a phenomenon. These cases are often chosen because they cannot be replicated, like Freud's psychoanalytic cases, which were specific to individual patients.

How are expert cases used in qualitative sampling?

Expert cases involve selecting participants who have deep knowledge or expertise in a particular subject. These individuals provide critical insights based on their specialized understanding of the issue being studied.

What is convenience sampling in qualitative research?

Convenience sampling involves selecting subjects based on their accessibility. This method is used when participants are readily available, such as university students or staff members, making it easier for the researcher to conduct the study.

Can qualitative sampling results be generalized to the entire population?

No, qualitative sampling does not aim to generalize results to the entire population. It focuses on specific cases or individuals to gain a deeper understanding of particular issues rather than making broad inferences about the larger population.