Konsep Desain Penelitian Grounded Theory dan Dinamikanya | MP Kualitatif (9) | Nur Haris Ali

Summary

This video lecture on grounded theory in qualitative research explores its history, characteristics, methodology, and coding techniques. The theory, introduced by sociologists Glaser and Strauss in the 1960s, aims to build theories based on data rather than existing theoretical frameworks. The lecture highlights the inductive nature of grounded theory, its use of constant comparative analysis and theoretical sampling, and the stages involved in data collection and analysis. The strengths of grounded theory include its flexibility, creativity, and the ability to develop new theories, while its challenges include the potential for data overload and difficulty in predicting time frames.

Takeaways

• 😀 Grounded Theory (GT) is a qualitative research method aimed at developing theories based on actual data, not pre-existing theories or logical deductions.
• 😀 The approach was developed by sociologists Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in the 1960s, with their influential book 'The Discovery of Grounded Theory' published in 1967.
• 😀 GT emerged as a response to the weaknesses of other qualitative methods, such as phenomenology, and emphasizes the importance of data-driven theory creation.
• 😀 The core principle of GT is inductive analysis, where data is analyzed to generate theories, rather than deducing theories beforehand.
• 😀 GT research is characterized by constant comparative analysis, where new data is compared with existing data to ensure accuracy and refine the theory over time.
• 😀 Theoretical sampling is a key feature of GT, where data is collected in a way that helps build and refine the emerging theory through continuous analysis.
• 😀 Grounded Theory follows a structured process of data collection, coding (open, axial, and selective), memo writing, and analysis to form comprehensive theories.
• 😀 Four essential criteria for the theories developed in GT are fidelity (real-world relevance), understanding (comprehensiveness), generality (applicability to different contexts), and control (guiding future research).
• 😀 One of the unique characteristics of GT is its flexibility, allowing for creativity in theory-building as data is continually analyzed and compared.
• 😀 The advantages of GT include its ability to produce new theories, offer in-depth insights into specific phenomena, and maintain clear, defined analytical procedures, but it can be time-consuming and require significant energy investment from researchers.

Q & A

What is the main focus of grounded theory in qualitative research?

Grounded theory focuses on building theories directly from data rather than relying on existing theories or speculative reasoning. It is an inductive approach that allows theories to emerge naturally from the data collected.

Who developed grounded theory and when?

Grounded theory was developed by sociologists Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in the 1960s. Their work, particularly at the University of California, San Francisco, led to the creation of this methodology.

What is the historical context behind the creation of grounded theory?

Grounded theory emerged as a response to the perceived limitations of other qualitative research methods, such as phenomenology. It was introduced to address weaknesses in those methods by focusing on theory generation from data.

What are the key characteristics of grounded theory according to Strauss and Corbin?

The key characteristics of grounded theory include being built from data, using inductive analysis, and not relying on pre-existing theories. It also follows four criteria: fit, understanding, generality, and control.

What does 'constant comparative analysis' refer to in grounded theory?

Constant comparative analysis refers to the iterative process of comparing incidents or data points throughout the research. This method allows researchers to refine their understanding by continually comparing new data with previously collected data.

What is 'theoretical sampling' and how does it function in grounded theory research?

Theoretical sampling is the process of collecting data iteratively, based on the emerging theory. It involves analyzing data as it is gathered and refining the research focus to better support theory development through multiple rounds of coding.

What are the four criteria that grounded theory must meet, as mentioned in the lecture?

The four criteria are: fit (the theory must match reality), understanding (the theory should explain the phenomenon clearly), generality (the theory should apply across diverse contexts), and control (the theory should guide further research).

How does coding function as a data analysis method in grounded theory?

In grounded theory, coding is used to categorize data into meaningful segments. This involves open coding (initial identification of categories), axial coding (refining relationships between categories), and selective coding (focusing on core concepts to form a theory).

What are some strengths of grounded theory as a research methodology?

Grounded theory offers high flexibility and creativity in theory development. It also allows for a deep, holistic understanding of phenomena and provides a clear, systematic procedure for analysis, making it suitable for complex qualitative research.

What are some challenges or weaknesses associated with grounded theory?

Grounded theory can be time-consuming, requiring significant effort to process and analyze large amounts of data. Researchers may also struggle with time constraints and difficulty in predicting the outcome of theory generation. There is also a risk that the research may not yield a conclusive theory.