TM 3 Sistem Informasi & Manajemen Perikanan Tangkap

Summary

In this lecture on Fisheries Information Systems and Management, Muhammad Kadafi discusses key concepts such as management, information, and organization, and how they relate to designing effective management information systems. He explores the cycle of management, which includes planning, organizing, directing, and controlling, and how these processes interact with information systems at various organizational levels. Additionally, he explains the structure of organizational hierarchies, decision-making levels from top to lower management, and the role of information systems in supporting decision-making across different management levels. The lecture concludes by using the example of a university's organizational structure to illustrate these concepts in action.

Takeaways

• 😀 Management involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling efforts and resources to achieve the organization's goals.
• 😀 Information is the result of processing data into a more useful form for decision-making.
• 😀 An organization is a structured relationship framework where authority, responsibility, and work division are defined.
• 😀 Management, organization, and information systems are interconnected in a management information system (MIS).
• 😀 The need for information systems increases as organizations grow, allowing managers to make data-driven decisions.
• 😀 Management cycles include planning, organizing, directing, and controlling, which affect information processing at different management levels.
• 😀 Management is hierarchical, with top management setting long-term policies, middle management implementing strategies, and operational management handling short-term tasks.
• 😀 Decision-making at each management level varies: top management makes unstructured decisions, middle management makes semi-structured decisions, and lower management makes routine operational decisions.
• 😀 An organization typically comprises various departments like R&D, production, marketing, finance, HR, and information systems, all overseen by the CEO.
• 😀 The organizational structure in educational institutions, such as universities, follows a similar hierarchy with deans, department heads, and faculty members.
• 😀 Information systems in organizations are hierarchical as well, with higher management levels accessing more comprehensive data, while lower levels focus on operational data.

Q & A

What is the definition of management according to Stoner?

Management is the process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the efforts of members of an organization and utilizing organizational resources to achieve set objectives.

How does Jogiyanto define information?

Information is the result of data processing into a form that is more useful to the recipient, describing real events to aid in decision-making.

What is the role of organizations in the context of management?

An organization is a structured framework in which authority, responsibility, and division of labor are defined to carry out specific functions. This definition is attributed to Max Weber.

How are management, organization, and information integrated into a management information system?

Management, organization, and information are all integral to the design of a Management Information System (MIS). MIS helps in decision-making, planning, and increasing organizational efficiency by effectively using information.

Why is Management Information System (MIS) crucial for organizations?

MIS becomes essential as it helps managers to make precise decisions, especially in complex environments. It supports operational efficiency and enhances decision-making in various business cycles.

What are the four phases of the management cycle?

The four phases of the management cycle are planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. Each phase plays a key role in managing organizational processes.

How does the level of management affect the type of information needed?

Different management levels (top, middle, lower) require different types of information. Top management typically needs strategic data, middle management focuses on tactical decisions, while lower management requires operational data.

What is the role of top management in the organizational hierarchy?

Top management, such as the CEO or president, is responsible for setting goals, creating policies, and making long-term decisions that affect the overall direction of the organization.

How does the middle management differ from top management in terms of decision-making?

Middle management deals with semi-structured decisions, implementing strategies set by top management, and focusing on the tactical execution of those strategies.

What is the role of non-managerial employees in the organization?

Non-managerial employees handle the execution of daily tasks and activities at the operational level, ensuring the short-term goals of the organization are met.

How is a university's organizational structure an example of management hierarchy?

In a university, the top management is represented by the rector or president, middle management by deans or department heads, and lower management by faculty members, staff, and students. This structure shows the distribution of authority and responsibilities at each level.

How does the information pyramid relate to organizational structure?

The information pyramid shows how information flows within an organization. At the top, top management accesses strategic data, middle management accesses tactical data, while lower management handles operational data and transaction-level information.