Disección de Mano región palmar - ULA Medicina

Summary

This video demonstrates the dissection of the palm of the hand, conducted by first-year medical students from Universidad Los Andes. The procedure includes the identification and removal of skin layers to expose key structures such as connective tissue, muscles in the thenar and hypothenar regions, and the flexor tendons. The dissection also explores important anatomical features like the carpal tunnel, the ulnar and median nerves, and the superficial palmar arch. The video highlights the detailed observation of muscles, tendons, and nerves, along with the Canal of Guyon and joint capsules, offering a comprehensive understanding of the hand's anatomy.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video explains the dissection of the palm region of the hand, performed by first-year medical students at Universidad Los Andes.
• 😀 The dissection process involves making several cuts in the radial, palmar digit, and cubital regions to remove skin and expose underlying structures.
• 😀 The dissection reveals connective and adipose tissue, which is cleaned to identify important structures like the palmar aponeurosis.
• 😀 The hand is divided into compartments: the thenar, hypothenar, and central compartments, each containing specific muscles and structures.
• 😀 In the thenar compartment, muscles such as the adductor pollicis, flexor pollicis, and opponens pollicis are identified.
• 😀 The hypothenar compartment contains muscles such as the flexor digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, and opponens digiti minimi.
• 😀 These muscles in both the thenar and hypothenar regions insert into the flexor retinaculum and pass through the carpal tunnel.
• 😀 The carpal tunnel serves as a passage for structures from the forearm to the palm, including the median nerve branches that supply the fingers.
• 😀 The flexor tendons of the fingers are observed, along with the lumbrical muscles inserted onto these tendons.
• 😀 The Guyon's canal is also explored, containing the ulnar artery and ulnar nerve, which provide innervation to the fifth digit and part of the fourth digit.

Q & A

What is the focus of the video?

The video focuses on the dissection of the palm region of the hand, performed by first-year medical students from the University of Los Andes, Valera Extension.

What was the first step in the dissection process?

The first step was labeling the hand to guide the cuts. The first cut was made in the radial region corresponding to the first digit.

What is the significance of the connective tissue and adipose tissue in the dissection?

The connective and adipose tissue was carefully cleaned to identify important structures, such as the palmar aponeurosis.

What structures were observed and removed during the dissection?

The palmar aponeurosis was observed and removed, and several compartments such as the thenar and hypothenar compartments were identified.

What muscles are located in the thenar compartment?

The thenar compartment contains the short adductor of the thumb, the flexor of the thumb, the opponens of the thumb, the transverse muscle, and the oblique muscle.

Which muscles are found in the hypothenar compartment?

In the hypothenar compartment, the flexor of the pinky, the adductor of the pinky, and the opponens of the pinky are found.

What is the role of the flexor retinaculum in the dissection?

The flexor retinaculum is important as it holds the structures from the forearm that pass through the carpal tunnel into the palm.

Which nerve is associated with the palm and fingers?

The median nerve, which bifurcates in its distal part, sends branches to innervate the fingers.

What structures pass through the carpal tunnel?

The structures that pass through the carpal tunnel include tendons from the flexor muscles and the median nerve.

What is the significance of the Guyon's canal?

The Guyon's canal is important as it contains the ulnar artery and ulnar nerve, which innervate the fifth digit and part of the fourth digit.

What is the Camper's chiasm, and where is it located?

The Camper's chiasm is the triangular formation created by the deep flexor tendon being positioned between the two superficial flexor tendons, observed in the region of the fingers.