Qual a diferença entre discurso e texto? - Brasil Escola

Summary

This video discusses the distinction between 'text' and 'discourse.' While text refers to a collection of words that fulfill human needs, whether written, spoken, or tactile, discourse goes deeper, reflecting the speaker’s ideas, ideologies, and affiliations. Examples like legal jargon, coaching terminology, and the debate between 'defensive' vs 'pesticides' illustrate how words can reveal the speaker’s position or profession. The video emphasizes that while text and discourse can overlap, understanding their differences enhances our comprehension of communication in various contexts.

Takeaways

• 😀 Text refers to a collection of words that make sense and can be either written, spoken, or even tactile, such as in Braille.
• 😀 Discourse goes beyond the words in a text; it reveals the speaker's identity, stance, and the underlying ideology they express through their word choices.
• 😀 Texts serve human needs, from everyday communication to complex societal functions like politics and business.
• 😀 Texts are often categorized into 'genres,' like essays or messages, which are used in various contexts such as schools or workplaces.
• 😀 Discourse manifests through the choices of words and is often influenced by societal changes, like new technologies or political movements.
• 😀 People’s personal or professional affiliations influence the discourse they use. For example, political figures may use language that reflects their political stance.
• 😀 Language evolution is influenced by social issues, such as the debate over gender-neutral language, which is evident in modern discourse, especially on platforms like Twitter.
• 😀 The use of legal or technical jargon, such as 'fumos Bonis' in legal texts, is an example of how discourse can signal the speaker's professional background.
• 😀 Discourse can also be identified by specific terms or phrases used by certain professions, such as the 'coach' terminology like 'mindset' and 'flow'.
• 😀 The choice of terms like 'defensive' vs. 'pesticide' illustrates how discourse can frame ideological stances, particularly in industries like agribusiness.

Q & A

What is the main difference between 'text' and 'discourse' as explained in the script?

Text refers to a collection of words that make sense, whether written or spoken, and serves to fulfill human needs. Discourse, on the other hand, refers to the ideas and positions expressed within texts, revealing the speaker's identity, profession, or ideology.

How does the speaker describe the role of texts in human life?

The speaker explains that texts reflect human needs. They can range from everyday communications to complex matters involving governments, politics, or businesses. Texts are produced to meet these needs.

What are 'genres of text' and how do they relate to the script's discussion?

Genres of text are categories of written or spoken works, such as dissertations, speeches, or advertisements. They are used to classify texts based on their structure and purpose. The script highlights that different contexts and situations involve different genres of text, which are essential for communication.

What is meant by 'language neutra' or neutral language, and how is it relevant to discourse?

Language neutra refers to language that avoids gender-specific terms, often to be inclusive of all gender identities. In the script, it's discussed as part of a societal discourse, where the use of neutral language signals agreement with inclusive values, as seen in the use of words like 'todes' and 'queride.'

How do language choices reveal the speaker's or writer's affiliations, according to the script?

Language choices can reveal the speaker's profession, political stance, or even their personal beliefs. For example, the use of legal jargon indicates someone from the legal field, while terms like 'defensivo' or 'agrotóxico' reveal whether someone supports or opposes agribusiness.

Why is the use of terms like 'defensivo' and 'agrotóxico' important in the discourse surrounding agribusiness?

The terms 'defensivo' and 'agrotóxico' reflect opposing views on agribusiness practices. 'Defensivo' is used by those who support the agribusiness industry, while 'agrotóxico' (meaning 'pesticide') is often used by critics to highlight the harmful effects of such chemicals.

What example does the speaker give to demonstrate how discourse can be linked to a specific profession?

The speaker gives the example of legal jargon, such as terms in Latin used in legal texts. These words indicate that the writer or speaker is part of the legal profession, highlighting how discourse is linked to specific professional fields.

How does the script illustrate the connection between discourse and political ideology?

The script illustrates this connection through the use of political language, where individuals might employ specific terms or phrases that align with their political views. For instance, people with certain political affiliations may use language that reflects their support for particular ideologies.

How does discourse reflect the evolution of society over time?

Discourse evolves as it reflects societal changes, such as new technologies, political shifts, and social movements. The script explains that as society develops, the language we use adapts to reflect these changes, showing how discourse can track the passage of time.

What role does discourse play in the understanding of social movements or debates?

Discourse plays a crucial role in shaping and expressing social movements or debates. For example, the increasing use of neutral language in online discussions highlights the growing awareness and acceptance of gender inclusivity. Discourse helps frame how society views and discusses emerging issues.