ADHD: What parents need to know about attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Summary

In this discussion, Dr. Barbara Hawkins, a pediatrician at Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, explains Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a common behavioral condition affecting school-age children. She discusses symptoms, diagnosis methods, and how ADHD impacts children socially, academically, and at home. Dr. Hawkins reassures parents that ADHD is treatable and emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and support. She also addresses common myths, including misconceptions about parenting and food-related causes, while encouraging families to work closely with healthcare providers to ensure the best outcomes for children with ADHD.

Takeaways

• 😀 ADHD is a common behavioral condition in children, typically diagnosed between ages 4 and 16.
• 😀 Children with ADHD may struggle with attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, affecting their school and social life.
• 😀 ADHD can be diagnosed by pediatricians, psychologists, neurologists, or psychiatrists using specific behavioral checklists and tools.
• 😀 Common symptoms of ADHD include daydreaming, forgetfulness, excessive talking, and difficulty sitting still.
• 😀 ADHD behaviors are disruptive enough to impact a child's school performance, social interactions, and home life.
• 😀 It’s important to recognize ADHD behaviors early, as they often persist from childhood into adulthood.
• 😀 Diagnosis involves gathering information from parents, teachers, and school psychologists to get a full picture of the child’s behavior.
• 😀 Parents should not feel guilty about their child’s ADHD, as it’s not caused by bad parenting or prenatal actions.
• 😀 ADHD is treatable, and children can be very successful with proper support, including therapy and sometimes medication.
• 😀 Behavioral therapy, school accommodations, and support systems are essential in helping children with ADHD thrive.
• 😀 There is no strong evidence that specific foods or additives cause ADHD, but some families find certain changes helpful for managing symptoms.

Q & A

What is ADHD and how does it manifest in children?

ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a behavioral condition where children have difficulty sustaining attention, following through on tasks, and may be impulsive or hyperactive. Common symptoms include daydreaming, forgetfulness, excessive talking, squirming, fidgeting, and interrupting others.

How common is ADHD in school-age children?

ADHD is quite common, affecting approximately 10% of school-age children.

What are some common signs that might indicate a child has ADHD?

Signs include trouble paying attention in class, forgetfulness in completing tasks like homework, excessive talking, squirming, and impulsive behavior like blurting out answers or pushing others.

What age group is typically diagnosed with ADHD?

ADHD is usually diagnosed in children between the ages of 4 and 16, with an onset often occurring before age 7.

How is ADHD diagnosed?

ADHD is diagnosed through a combination of methods. Pediatricians use behavioral checklists and tools that parents and teachers complete, along with academic records and classroom observations. A full assessment helps ensure the diagnosis is accurate.

How can parents differentiate between typical childhood behavior and ADHD symptoms?

While behaviors like daydreaming or fidgeting are common in all children, ADHD behaviors are typically more extreme, disruptive, and persistent, affecting the child’s ability to function at school, home, and socially.

What impact does ADHD have on a child's life?

ADHD can lead to significant difficulties in school, problems with friendships, and challenges in daily routines like meals or completing tasks. It can cause stress for the child and family due to these ongoing challenges.

What role do pediatricians play in managing ADHD?

Pediatricians play a key role in identifying ADHD, providing the initial evaluation, explaining the diagnosis, and guiding families through treatment options. They also help with referrals to specialists, like psychologists or psychiatrists, when necessary.

Is ADHD treatable, and how can parents support a child with ADHD?

Yes, ADHD is treatable. Treatment often includes medications, behavioral therapy, and school accommodations. Parents can support their child by seeking professional guidance, advocating for school accommodations, and establishing a structured environment at home.

What are some common myths about ADHD?

One common myth is that ADHD is caused by bad parenting or something the parent did during pregnancy. Another myth is that medication is prescribed too easily. In reality, ADHD is influenced by genetics and various factors, and pediatricians ensure thorough testing before recommending treatment.