Skill 3 - Present Participle | TOEFL Structure bagi Pemula

Summary

In this video, Laila April introduces the concept of present participles, explaining their dual role in English grammar. Present participles are the 'ing' forms of verbs and can either form part of a verb phrase for continuous tenses or act as adjectives to describe nouns. The video provides clear examples, breaking down how to correctly use present participles in sentences. Viewers will learn the structure of continuous tenses and how to avoid common mistakes. Laila also encourages viewers to practice and engage with the content to master this essential grammar point.

Takeaways

• 😀 Present participles are the '-ing' form of verbs (e.g., running, sleeping, going).
• 😀 Present participles have two primary functions: as part of a verb group and as an adjective.
• 😀 As part of a verb group, present participles are used in continuous tenses (e.g., 'is running').
• 😀 When used as adjectives, present participles describe or modify a noun (e.g., 'The crying baby').
• 😀 A present participle needs to be accompanied by a form of 'be' (e.g., 'is, are, was, were') when forming continuous tenses.
• 😀 When used as an adjective, present participles stand alone and do not need an auxiliary verb.
• 😀 In sentences with multiple verbs, a present participle cannot be used where a main verb is expected (e.g., 'go studying' is incorrect).
• 😀 The structure for continuous tenses includes 'be' + present participle (e.g., 'I am studying').
• 😀 Common errors with present participles include mistakenly using them where a verb is needed or vice versa.
• 😀 The lesson emphasizes the importance of identifying the role of the present participle in a sentence to avoid mistakes.
• 😀 The video encourages learners to review the material and practice with the provided exercises to reinforce their understanding of present participles.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video script?

The video script primarily discusses 'present participles' in the context of learning English for the TOEFL exam. It explains how present participles function in sentences and their usage in grammar.

What are the two main functions of a present participle as explained in the script?

The two main functions of a present participle are: 1) Acting as part of a verb group (in continuous tense forms), and 2) Functioning as an adjective to describe a noun.

What is the key formula for forming continuous tense using present participles?

The formula for continuous tense is 'be + present participle' (e.g., 'is running', 'are sleeping'). The form of 'be' changes based on the tense (e.g., 'is', 'are', 'was', 'were').

How does the script explain the use of present participles as adjectives?

Present participles can act as adjectives when they stand alone in a sentence, describing nouns. For example, in the sentence 'The crying baby,' 'crying' is a present participle acting as an adjective to describe the noun 'baby.'

What should you do if a sentence contains two verbs, according to the script?

If a sentence contains two verbs, the present participle should not be used as part of a verb group. Instead, it should function as an adjective. For example, 'go studying' should be written as 'going studying,' where 'going' is the verb and 'studying' acts as the adjective.

Why is the answer 'A' correct in the example with the sentence 'The train is raving'?

In the sentence 'The train is raving,' 'raving' is part of the verb group ('is raving'), making it a continuous tense verb. Therefore, the correct answer is 'A' because 'raving' is part of a verb group and not an adjective.

What makes the sentence 'The field is going to the washing machine' incorrect according to the script?

The sentence is incorrect because 'going' is used as an adjective without a main verb. It should be 'The field is going to the washing machine,' where 'is going' forms a complete verb group.

What is the correct analysis of the sentence 'The letters are boring'?

'Boring' is a present participle acting as an adjective describing 'letters'. The sentence is correct because it uses 'are' as the verb and 'boring' as an adjective to describe the noun 'letters.'

How do you correct the sentence 'The students bringing the books'?

The sentence should be corrected to 'The students are bringing the books,' where 'bringing' is part of a verb group ('are bringing'). 'Bringing' is not functioning as an adjective in this case.

What distinction does the script make between 'present participles' and 'past participles'?

The script explains that while present participles describe ongoing action (e.g., 'crying', 'running'), past participles often describe completed actions or states (e.g., 'written', 'broken'). It mentions that the next lesson will focus on past participles.