AP Psychology Unit 7 Motivation, Emotion, Personality Review Video with Mandy Rice

Summary

This video provides an overview of key psychological concepts for the AP Psychology exam, focusing on motivation, emotion, and personality. Topics include intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivation, various motivation theories such as drive reduction and Maslow's hierarchy, and emotion theories like James-Lange and Cannon-Bard. The review also covers stress and coping mechanisms, along with key personality research methods, including the MMPI and TAT. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the theoretical frameworks and applying them to real-world scenarios for exam preparation. The video offers a broad yet detailed review, ideal for students preparing for the AP Psychology exam.

Takeaways

• 😀 Motivation, emotion, and personality account for 11-15% of the AP Psychology exam, so it's important to review key terms and theories.
• 😀 Motivation involves intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic motivation is driven by internal satisfaction, while extrinsic motivation is influenced by external rewards like grades or money.
• 😀 The Overjustification Effect shows how external rewards can diminish intrinsic motivation over time.
• 😀 Self-efficacy is the belief in one's ability to succeed in specific tasks, while achievement motivation refers to one's drive to accomplish goals.
• 😀 Drive Reduction Theory explains how physiological needs (e.g., hunger, thirst) create drives that motivate actions to return to homeostasis.
• 😀 Arousal Theory suggests that individuals are motivated to achieve an optimal level of arousal, which varies from person to person.
• 😀 Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs emphasizes the importance of fulfilling basic needs (like food and safety) before advancing to higher needs like self-actualization.
• 😀 Theories of emotion include James-Lange (emotion follows physiological response), Cannon-Bard (emotion and physiological response occur simultaneously), and Schachter-Singer (emotion arises from a combination of physiological response and cognitive labeling).
• 😀 Stress is explained by Hans Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome, which includes alarm, resistance, and exhaustion stages, and can negatively affect health when prolonged.
• 😀 Personality research uses different methods, including case studies, surveys, and personality inventories, such as the Big Five or MMPI, to assess traits and predict behavior.

Q & A

What percentage of the AP Psychology exam is dedicated to the topics of motivation, emotion, and personality?

The topics of motivation, emotion, and personality are allotted 11-15% of the AP Psychology exam.

What are the key learning topics in Unit 7 of the AP Psychology exam?

The key learning topics in Unit 7 are motivation, emotion, stress and coping, and personality.

What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?

Intrinsic motivation is driven by the internal enjoyment of an activity, such as learning for the sake of learning, while extrinsic motivation is driven by external rewards, such as grades or money.

How does the overjustification effect impact intrinsic motivation?

The overjustification effect occurs when extrinsic rewards undermine intrinsic motivation. For example, if a child who enjoys reading starts receiving rewards for doing so, they may lose interest in reading for pleasure and instead focus on the reward.

What is self-efficacy?

Self-efficacy is a person's belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish tasks. It influences motivation and behavior in various areas of life.

Explain the concept of achievement motivation and its impact on task selection.

Achievement motivation refers to the drive to pursue goals and accomplish tasks. People with high achievement motivation tend to select challenging tasks, while those with low achievement motivation may opt for easier tasks to avoid failure.

What does drive reduction theory suggest about motivation?

Drive reduction theory suggests that motivation arises from the need to reduce physiological drives, such as hunger or thirst. When the need is identified, the brain creates a drive to encourage behaviors that restore balance, such as eating or drinking.

How does Maslow's hierarchy of needs relate to motivation?

Maslow's hierarchy of needs states that individuals must fulfill their basic physiological needs before moving on to higher levels of needs, such as safety, belongingness, esteem, and ultimately, self-actualization. Motivation is driven by the need to satisfy these levels in a specific order.

What are the key differences between James-Lange and Cannon-Bard theories of emotion?

The James-Lange theory suggests that emotions occur as a result of physiological responses to stimuli, while the Cannon-Bard theory posits that physiological responses and emotions happen simultaneously, not one after the other.

What is the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) and how does stress affect health?

The general adaptation syndrome (GAS), proposed by Hans Selye, describes the body's response to stress in three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. Prolonged stress can negatively impact health, leading to conditions like heart disease due to the body's extended fight-or-flight response.