Sejarah Transmigrasi Di Indonesia Di Mulai Sejak Zaman Belanda

Summary

This video explores the history of transmigration in Indonesia, beginning with the Dutch colonial era and continuing after independence. The program aimed to relocate people from densely populated areas like Java to less populated regions, such as Lampung in Sumatra, to create new agricultural settlements. Transmigration initially involved the transfer of families to build plantations and expand land use. Over time, transmigrants spread across various regions, fostering cultural integration between Javanese, Balinese, and Lampungese communities. The Museum of Transmigration in Lampung commemorates this history, highlighting its significance as a cultural and historical milestone in Indonesia's development.

Takeaways

• 😀 The transmigration program in Indonesia began during the Dutch colonial era and was initially called 'colonization' before becoming 'transmigration' after independence.
• 😀 The program was initiated due to a decrease in agricultural land in Java and a rapid increase in population, which reached 23 million by 1959.
• 😀 In 1958, 135 families from the Kediri region of Central Java were relocated to Lampung, Sumatra, to help develop plantation areas managed by the Dutch colonial government.
• 😀 Transmigrants traveled by sea from Tanjung Priok Port and landed at a small port in Teluk Betung before walking two days to a newly established village called Bagelan.
• 😀 The name 'Bagelan' was chosen to help transmigrants feel connected to their original homes in Java, as it was similar to a region in Purworejo.
• 😀 The transmigration program expanded in the 1950s and 1960s, with over 51,000 families being relocated to Lampung between 1105 and 1143 (the Hijri calendar).
• 😀 Transmigrants in Lampung spread to various regions, including Tanggamus, Pringsewu, Metro, and Bandar Lampung, continuing to influence local communities.
• 😀 In Mulyajaya, Tulangbawang, the descendants of transmigrants maintain Javanese culture, especially through the preservation of Karawitan music.
• 😀 In other areas, like Tirta Kencana, communities from different ethnic groups, including Javanese, Balinese, and Lampungnese, coexist peacefully and respect each other's cultures.
• 😀 The first official transmigration date was marked on December 12, 2017, when 23 families from the Kediri region were relocated, and this day is now celebrated as Transmigration Day.

Q & A

What historical event initiated the transmigration program in Indonesia?

The transmigration program in Indonesia began during the Dutch colonial period, initially known as colonization. After Indonesia gained independence, it was renamed 'transmigration.'

What were the main reasons behind the implementation of the transmigration program during the colonial era?

The program was initiated due to the decrease in agricultural land in Java, while land in other regions like Sumatra remained available for new plantations. Additionally, the rapid population growth in Java led to the need to relocate people to other areas.

When did the transmigration program first take place in Sumatra?

The first transmigration program in Sumatra took place in 1958, specifically in the Lampung province.

How many families were involved in the first transmigration to Lampung?

A total of 135 families from the Keduan Residency in Central Java were relocated to Lampung as part of the first transmigration initiative.

What was the destination of the transmigrants when they arrived in Lampung?

Upon arrival in Lampung, the transmigrants first landed at a small port in Teluk Betung, then traveled by foot for two days to reach a village named Bagelan.

Why was the name 'Bagelan' chosen for the new village in Lampung?

The name 'Bagelan' was chosen as it resembled the name of a region in Purworejo, Central Java, where the transmigrants originally came from. This naming helped to ease the transmigrants' homesickness and made them feel more at home.

What incentives did the transmigrants receive to help them settle in Lampung?

Each family received 20 Golden, agricultural equipment, and cooking utensils to assist them in starting their new life in Lampung.

How many families were relocated to Lampung between 1956 and 1963?

Between 1956 and 1963, approximately 51,000 families were relocated from Java to Lampung.

How did the transmigrants in Lampung maintain their cultural heritage?

In areas like Mulyajaya village, descendants of transmigrants from Central Java and Yogyakarta continue to preserve their cultural heritage, such as the practice of traditional Javanese karawitan music.

What is the significance of the National Transmigration Museum in Lampung?

The National Transmigration Museum in Lampung, located in Bagelan Village, serves as a historical testament to the first transmigration program, which began on December 12, 1957, with 23 families from the Keduan Residency in Central Java.