Percobaan Interferometer Mechelson

Summary

This video demonstrates an optical experiment using a Michelson interferometer to measure the wavelength of light. The setup includes a helium-neon laser, mirrors, lenses, a beam splitter, a micrometer screw, and a screen to capture the light's intensity. The process involves adjusting the micrometer screw to shift mirrors and observe changes in light intensity, noting the transition from light to dark. The measurements are repeated to calculate the wavelength, with multiple trials for accuracy. The experiment's objective is to determine the wavelength of light by analyzing the interference pattern and applying the formula to calculate the value in nanometers.

Takeaways

• 😀 The experiment aims to determine the wavelength of light using a Michelson interferometer.
• 😀 A helium-neon laser serves as the light source in this experiment.
• 😀 The power supply is essential for activating the laser and providing the required voltage.
• 😀 Mirrors are used to reflect the laser light and direct it to the desired locations.
• 😀 Lenses focus the laser beam to ensure accurate interference patterns.
• 😀 A beam splitter divides the light, with one portion transmitted and the other reflected.
• 😀 The screw micrometer is used to adjust the mirrors' positions to measure the wavelength.
• 😀 The baseplate holds all the optical components in place for stability.
• 😀 The magnetic foot prevents vibrations and ensures stable positioning of the components.
• 😀 The interference pattern changes from light to dark as the micrometer is adjusted, allowing for wavelength measurement.
• 😀 The wavelength is calculated using the formula: λ = 2D / N, where D is the distance moved by the micrometer and N is the number of interference fringes.

Q & A

What is the purpose of the Michelson interferometer experiment?

The purpose of the Michelson interferometer experiment is to measure the wavelength of light used in the experiment.

What light source is used in this experiment?

A helium-neon laser is used as the light source in this experiment.

What is the function of the power supply in this setup?

The power supply provides the necessary voltage to power the helium-neon laser and turn it on.

How does the Michelson interferometer separate the light beam?

The beam splitter is used to split the light beam into two parts, with 50% transmitted and 50% reflected.

What role does the micrometer screw play in this experiment?

The micrometer screw is used to adjust the position of the mirrors, allowing the experimenter to measure the change in light intensity when the mirror is moved.

How is the wavelength of light calculated in this experiment?

The wavelength of light is calculated by observing the change in the interference pattern (from light to dark), recording the movement of the micrometer screw, and applying a formula involving the distance moved and the number of interference fringes.

What is the significance of the interference pattern in the experiment?

The interference pattern, specifically the transition from light to dark fringes, is used to determine the wavelength of the laser light. The number of fringes and the movement of the mirrors are critical to the calculation.

What does the term '2D' refer to in the context of this experiment?

'2D' refers to the distance the micrometer screw moves, which causes the change in the interference pattern (light to dark transition). This distance is a key factor in calculating the wavelength.

How is the micrometer screw adjusted during the experiment?

The micrometer screw is rotated, which moves the mirrors slightly and causes a shift in the interference fringes. The observer records the position changes to compute the wavelength.

How many times should the experiment be repeated, and why?

The experiment should be repeated multiple times, typically five, to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the results. This allows for averaging the measurements and reducing errors.