Sajian Hikmah Ramadhan || day 5 || Golongan Yang Diperkenankan Tidak Berpuasa Ramadhan

Summary

This video script focuses on the Islamic observance of Ramadan and the specific groups of people who are exempt from fasting. These groups include children not yet of age, those with mental illnesses, women during menstruation and childbirth, travelers, the sick, the elderly, and pregnant or breastfeeding women. The script also references Quranic verses and Islamic teachings, emphasizing the importance of fasting while offering alternatives like making up missed fasts or paying Fidyah (charity). The message concludes with a quote from Imam Syafi'i, reminding viewers of the importance of truth and goodness in the soul.

Takeaways

• 😀 Fasting during Ramadan is a fundamental obligation for Muslims, as it is one of the Five Pillars of Islam.
• 😀 Children who have not reached puberty are not required to fast during Ramadan and do not need to make up the fast later.
• 😀 People who are mentally ill or lack full mental faculties are exempt from fasting during Ramadan, as they are not considered fully responsible.
• 😀 Women who are menstruating (haid) are prohibited from fasting during Ramadan and are required to make up for the missed fast later.
• 😀 Women who are experiencing postpartum bleeding (nifas) are also exempt from fasting, and their fasts are considered invalid during this period.
• 😀 Travelers (musafir) who are on a journey of more than 89 kilometers are allowed to skip fasting during their travels, but should make up the fast later if they are unable to do so during the journey.
• 😀 People who are ill, especially with serious or chronic illnesses, are permitted to skip fasting. They can either make up the fast later or pay fidyah (charity) if the illness is long-term.
• 😀 Elderly people (lansia) who are frail or physically unable to fast may be exempt from fasting, and they are required to provide fidyah for missed fasts by feeding the poor.
• 😀 Pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers are allowed to skip fasting if they fear harm to themselves or their child. They must make up the missed fast later or provide fidyah.
• 😀 The speaker emphasizes the importance of following the truth and avoiding falsehood, quoting Imam Shafi'i, who noted that a soul will seek either good or falsehood depending on its disposition.

Q & A

Who is exempt from fasting during Ramadan in Islam?

Certain groups are exempt from fasting during Ramadan, including children who have not yet reached puberty, individuals who are mentally ill, women who are menstruating or in postnatal bleeding, travelers, the sick, the elderly, pregnant women, and breastfeeding mothers.

What is the age requirement for a child to be obligated to fast in Ramadan?

A child is required to fast when they reach puberty, which for boys is marked by the onset of wet dreams or nocturnal emissions, and for girls, by the onset of menstruation, typically around the age of 9 to 15.

Why are individuals with mental illness exempt from fasting?

Individuals with mental illness are exempt from fasting because fasting requires the mental capacity to understand and perform the act of fasting. If someone is not in a sound mental state, they are not required to fast.

Can women fast during their menstrual period in Ramadan?

No, women are not allowed to fast during their menstrual period. They are required to make up the missed fasts at a later time once their period has ended.

What should a woman do if she is pregnant or breastfeeding and fears harm to herself or her child during fasting?

Pregnant or breastfeeding women who fear harm to themselves or their child are allowed to skip fasting during Ramadan. They must either make up the missed fasts later or pay fidyah (compensation) by feeding a poor person for each day of fasting missed.

What is fidyah and when is it required?

Fidyah is a form of compensation for not fasting, where a person provides food for a needy person for each day they are unable to fast. It is required for those who are unable to fast due to permanent conditions, such as chronic illness or old age.

Under what conditions can a person traveling during Ramadan skip fasting?

A person traveling for more than 89 km is allowed to skip fasting if the journey begins before dawn. However, if the individual is able to fast despite traveling, it is recommended they do so. They must make up the missed fasts later.

What does the Quran say about fasting for travelers or the sick?

The Quran, in Surah Al-Baqarah 184, states that if someone is ill or traveling, they may skip fasting and must make up for it by fasting on other days after recovery or completion of the journey.

How should elderly individuals who are unable to fast handle their fasting obligations?

Elderly individuals who are unable to fast due to weakness or health conditions are exempt from fasting. Instead of fasting, they must provide fidyah, feeding a poor person for each day they miss.

What should a person do if they are ill and unable to fast?

If someone is sick and unable to fast, they can skip fasting and either make up the missed fasts after recovering or pay fidyah if the illness is chronic and unlikely to be cured.