PEMERIKSAAN FISIK EKSTREMITAS

Summary

In this video, a medical professional demonstrates an extremity examination, which is used to identify abnormalities in the upper and lower limbs, such as pain, lumps, wounds, or reflex issues. The process involves checking for signs of pain, swelling, or tenderness in the arms and legs, and evaluating reflexes. The doctor also assesses the movement and response of the extremities by having the patient perform various tasks. The examination ensures that the patient's reflexes and sensory responses, including touch and temperature sensitivity, are normal. The video aims to provide insight into this physical examination procedure.

Takeaways

• 😀 The primary focus of the session is on physical examination, specifically extremities, to identify abnormalities in the upper and lower limbs, such as pain, lumps, wounds, or reflex issues.
• 😀 The session begins with an introduction, where the examiner (Negeri Sayang) greets the patient (Amrullah) and explains the purpose of the examination.
• 😀 The patient is asked for their name and date of birth to verify identity before beginning the examination process.
• 😀 The examination covers both the upper extremities (hands) and lower extremities (legs), assessing for pain, lumps, or abnormal reflexes.
• 😀 The examiner requests the patient to perform specific movements, such as lifting arms forward and resisting pressure to check for muscle strength.
• 😀 A series of joint movements are performed to check for any pain, stiffness, or abnormal sensations in the patient's extremities.
• 😀 Reflex tests are performed on the patient's arms to assess for normal reflex activity by tapping specific areas like the biceps and triceps.
• 😀 Sensory tests are conducted, where the patient feels various textures (rough, smooth, sharp) to assess sensory perception in the limbs.
• 😀 The lower extremities are examined by having the patient lift and move their legs, testing for any pain or abnormalities in movement.
• 😀 The session concludes with reflex tests on the patella (knee) to check for normal reflex responses, followed by a final sensory examination for sharp, rough, and smooth sensations in the legs.

Q & A

What is the purpose of the physical examination of the extremities in this context?

The purpose of the physical examination of the extremities is to identify any abnormalities in the upper or lower limbs of the patient, such as pain, lumps, wounds, or abnormal reflexes.

Who is conducting the examination in the script?

The examination is being conducted by a medical professional named Negeri Sayang, who is on duty from 7:00 AM to 2:00 PM.

What does the examiner ask the patient to do at the beginning of the examination?

The examiner asks the patient to provide their full name and date of birth, then requests the patient’s consent to proceed with the examination.

How is the patient's hand examined for abnormalities?

The examiner asks the patient to raise their right hand and resist pressure, then lowers the hand and repeats the same for the left hand, checking for any pain, lumps, or abnormalities in movement.

What does the examiner do to check the reflexes of the patient’s extremities?

The examiner checks the reflexes by tapping on the patient's upper extremities and lower extremities to test the normal reflex response. This includes the biceps, triceps, and patellar reflexes.

What sensations are tested during the examination?

The examiner tests the sensations of roughness, smoothness, and sharpness by using different tools on the patient’s skin and asking the patient to identify the sensations.

What does the examiner check for when the patient is asked to move their legs?

The examiner checks for any pain or abnormalities while the patient moves their legs forward, sideways, backward, and rotates them in different directions.

What is the significance of testing for the patient's ability to resist pressure with their hands and legs?

Testing the patient’s ability to resist pressure helps assess muscle strength and any potential neurological issues related to weakness or abnormal reflex responses.

How is the patient's reflex at the patella tested?

The examiner tests the patellar reflex by having the patient sit with their legs hanging off the side of the bed and tapping the patella with a reflex hammer to check the knee-jerk reaction.

What does the examiner conclude at the end of the examination?

At the end of the examination, the examiner thanks the patient for their cooperation and concludes that the extremity examination has been completed.