Aktiva Tetap Berwujud (Perolehan dan Penggunaan)

Summary

This video discusses tangible fixed assets, focusing on their acquisition and usage. It explains the definition and classification of these assets, highlighting their permanent nature and role in company operations. The script delves into the distinction between capital expenditures (long-term investments) and revenue expenditures (expenses for short-term benefits). It also outlines various ways to acquire assets, such as direct purchases, exchanges, and donations, as well as considerations for maintenance and repairs. Emphasizing the importance of asset management, the speaker encourages further study from available references, acknowledging the limits of the material covered.

Takeaways

• 😀 Tangible fixed assets are physical assets used in a company's normal operations and are not intended for resale.
• 😀 The primary characteristic of tangible fixed assets is their long-term or permanent use, typically spanning several years.
• 😀 Acquisition cost includes all expenses incurred from purchase to the asset being ready for use, such as purchase price and related fees.
• 😀 Capital expenditures (CapEx) are costs that provide long-term benefits and are capitalized as part of the asset’s value.
• 😀 Revenue expenditures (RevEx) provide benefits only in the current accounting period and are recorded as expenses.
• 😀 When acquiring multiple assets in one transaction, the costs must be allocated among them based on their respective values.
• 😀 Fixed assets can be acquired through cash purchases, installment payments, exchanges, donations, or self-made construction.
• 😀 In installment purchases, interest costs should be recorded separately and not included in the acquisition cost of the asset.
• 😀 Tangible fixed assets require ongoing maintenance, including repairs, improvements, and additions to extend their useful life.
• 😀 If an asset is received as a donation, its value should be recorded at its fair market price at the time of receipt.
• 😀 Repairs and improvements made to fixed assets may increase their lifespan, and these costs should be assessed to determine whether they should be capitalized or expensed.

Q & A

What is the definition of tangible fixed assets (aset tetap berwujud)?

Tangible fixed assets are physical assets with a relatively permanent nature, used in the normal operations of a company, and are not meant for resale. These assets have a long lifespan and are utilized for business activities.

What is the difference between capital expenditures and revenue expenditures?

Capital expenditures are costs incurred to acquire assets that will provide benefits beyond one accounting period, whereas revenue expenditures are costs that provide benefits only within the current accounting period.

How are capital expenditures recorded in accounting?

Capital expenditures are recorded as assets. They increase the value of fixed assets on the balance sheet and affect liabilities, equity, and net income.

How are revenue expenditures treated in accounting?

Revenue expenditures are recorded as expenses. They are recognized in the income statement as they only benefit the company during the current accounting period.

What factors influence the acquisition cost of a fixed asset?

The acquisition cost includes all expenditures from the moment of purchase until the asset is ready for use. This can involve the purchase price, commissions, taxes, installation, and other preparatory costs.

How is the acquisition cost of a fixed asset determined in a cash purchase?

In a cash purchase, the acquisition cost is recorded based on the actual amount of money paid for the asset.

What happens when multiple assets are purchased together?

When multiple assets are acquired in a single purchase, each asset's acquisition cost is allocated proportionally. The total cost is divided among the assets based on their respective values.

How is the acquisition cost recorded when an asset is exchanged for another asset or securities?

When assets are exchanged, the acquisition cost is recorded at the market value of the asset received, which may be in the form of another asset or securities.

What happens when an asset is purchased on credit?

When an asset is purchased on credit, the acquisition cost is recorded based on the cash price of the asset, while the interest or financing costs are separately recorded as interest expense.

How is an asset obtained as a gift or donation recorded?

An asset received as a gift or donation is recorded at its fair market value, and the corresponding amount is recorded as a contribution to equity, reflecting the increase in assets.

What is the treatment of assets constructed internally by a company?

When assets are constructed internally, the acquisition cost includes all related expenses, from planning and design to construction and setup, until the asset is ready for use.

Why are maintenance and repair costs important in the use of fixed assets?

Maintenance and repair costs are necessary to ensure the asset continues to function properly. These costs can be for improvements, replacements, or regular upkeep, and they may increase the asset's lifespan or efficiency.

What happens if a repair or improvement increases the useful life of an asset?

If a repair or improvement increases the useful life of an asset, the cost is capitalized, and the asset's value is adjusted accordingly. This is typically seen as a capital expenditure rather than a revenue expenditure.