Kuliah #DIRUMAHAJA - MKWU BAHASA INDONESIA - HAKIKAT BAHASA

Summary

This educational video focuses on the nature of language, specifically the Indonesian language. It discusses key concepts such as the definition, functions, and characteristics of language, including its role as a system of communication, and explores ideas like metaphorical functions (ideational, interpersonal, and textual). The video also highlights the dynamic, productive, and conventional nature of language, with examples from daily life and linguistic shifts over time. It further delves into the significance of Bahasa Indonesia as a national and state language, touching on its development, function, and role in unifying Indonesia's diverse society.

Takeaways

• 😀 Language is defined as a system of sound symbols used by members of society for communication, interaction, and self-identification.
• 😀 Language has multiple functions, including communication, meeting human needs, and fostering social interaction.
• 😀 Language is influenced by context. For example, a statement like 'it's hot in here' may lead to different interpretations, such as opening a window or turning on the AC.
• 😀 Metafunctions of language include: ideational (ideas and concepts), interpersonal (relationships between speakers), and textual (language structure and organization).
• 😀 Ideational function refers to the ideas conveyed by language, like how 'glass' can differ in meaning depending on the cultural context.
• 😀 Interpersonal function reflects social status and relationships, where language use varies based on formality and the hierarchy of the individuals involved.
• 😀 Textual function involves how language is structured to fit certain communication needs, such as the choice between 'may' and 'must' to express permission or obligation.
• 😀 Language is dynamic and evolves over time, with meanings of words shifting due to cultural, social, or historical influences.
• 😀 Language is inherently beautiful, human, productive, and adaptive. It is capable of producing new expressions, meanings, and forms.
• 😀 Bahasa Indonesia serves two main functions: as a national language that unites diverse cultures, and as the official language of governance, education, and national discourse.

Q & A

What is the definition of language according to Kridalaksana?

Kridalaksana defines language as a system of signs or sounds used by members of society to cooperate, interact, and identify themselves.

How does Syamsuddin's definition of language differ from Kridalaksana's?

Syamsuddin defines language as a tool for influencing and being influenced, focusing more on the functional aspect of communication, whereas Kridalaksana emphasizes language as a system of signs for interaction.

What are the primary functions of language as discussed in the transcript?

The primary functions of language include being a system of signs for communication, meeting human needs as social beings, and facilitating interaction through various subsystems like sounds, words, and meanings.

What is meant by the ideasional function of language?

The ideasional function refers to the connection between language and the speaker’s thoughts or ideas. It represents the cognitive aspect of language use, such as how words trigger specific images or concepts in a speaker's mind.

Can you explain the interpersonal function of language?

The interpersonal function of language refers to the social relationship between the speaker and listener, influencing how language is used depending on social hierarchies, politeness, and respect.

How does the transcript describe the textual function of language?

The textual function focuses on the structure of language and its adherence to grammatical rules, ensuring coherence and logical flow in communication.

What are the seven general characteristics of language mentioned in the transcript?

The seven characteristics of language are: 1) it is beautiful (as seen in literature), 2) it is human, 3) it is productive, 4) it is reductive, 5) it is dynamic, 6) it is varied, and 7) it is arbitrary.

What does it mean that language is 'arbitrary'?

Language is considered arbitrary because the relationship between the sign (word) and its meaning is based on social agreement rather than a natural connection.

What role does language play in unifying Indonesia, according to the transcript?

Language plays a unifying role in Indonesia by serving as a national identity symbol and a communication tool across diverse ethnic groups, cultures, and regions.

How did the Indonesian language evolve in terms of its official recognition?

Indonesian was recognized as the national language on 28th October 1928 during the Sumpah Pemuda (Youth Pledge), and was later formalized as the state language on 18th August 1945 following the proclamation of Indonesian independence.