La taxonomie d'Anderson et de Krathwohl

Summary

This educational video explores cognitive processes and their role in teaching. It delves into Anderson and Krathwohl's updated taxonomy of cognitive processes, emphasizing six key stages: remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating. The video highlights how teachers can use these processes to enhance student learning, asking the right questions and creating challenges suited to different levels of ability. Additionally, it introduces four types of knowledge: factual, conceptual, procedural, and metacognitive, with a special focus on metacognition. The discussion also touches on how technology can support advanced cognitive tasks and offers practical examples for educators to apply these concepts.

Takeaways

• 😀 Teachers must focus on fostering cognitive transformation in students through careful planning and targeted actions.
• 😀 Questions posed to students should stimulate real learning, especially for those struggling or excelling.
• 😀 Technology integration in teaching requires critical reflection on its impact on students' learning.
• 😀 The Bloom Taxonomy, revised by Anderson and Krathwohl in 2001, provides a useful framework for understanding cognitive processes.
• 😀 Cognitive processes include: remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating.
• 😀 The creation process goes beyond artistic production, extending to problem-solving and the innovative reworking of learned concepts.
• 😀 Higher cognitive processes like analyzing, evaluating, and creating are essential for ensuring the transferability of knowledge.
• 😀 There are four types of knowledge: factual, conceptual, procedural, and metacognitive, each supporting different aspects of learning.
• 😀 Metacognitive knowledge, which involves understanding one's strategies and cognitive processes, has the greatest impact on learning.
• 😀 The cognitive process taxonomy is not a rigid sequence but a dynamic model where students may need to revisit earlier stages as they engage with more complex tasks.
• 😀 Teachers can use the taxonomy to design tasks and assessments that push students to develop skills in higher cognitive processes and to adapt instruction based on individual student needs.

Q & A

What is the core question that an educator asks when planning a lesson or project?

The core question an educator asks is about the cognitive transformation they want to see in their students and what actions they need to take to make this transformation possible.

What are some of the key questions an educator should ask to promote learning among students?

An educator should ask questions such as: 'What questions should I ask my students to ensure they engage in meaningful learning?', 'How can I support struggling students without simply giving them the answers?', and 'What enrichment activities can I offer advanced students to ensure they are challenged?'

What role do technology tools play in the cognitive transformation of students?

When integrating technology, educators must consider which technological tools have a genuine impact on students’ learning and how they can facilitate cognitive transformation in students.

What is the Bloom's Taxonomy, and how is it relevant to modern education?

Bloom's Taxonomy, originally created in 1956, was updated by Anderson and Krathwohl in 2001 to align with modern educational research. It is used to guide educators in planning and assessing the cognitive processes involved in learning.

What are the six cognitive processes in Anderson and Krathwohl's taxonomy?

The six cognitive processes are: 1) Remembering, 2) Understanding, 3) Applying, 4) Analyzing, 5) Evaluating, and 6) Creating.

How does the process of 'Remembering' function in the learning process?

Remembering involves recalling information from long-term memory, such as facts, definitions, or symbols, and is typically assessed through questions like 'What do you remember about...?'

What is the importance of the 'Creating' process in learning?

Creating is crucial because it involves original problem-solving, idea generation, and reworking previously learned concepts in new ways. It goes beyond artistic creation and includes creating new solutions and applications.

Why is 'Analyzing' an important cognitive process in education?

'Analyzing' helps students understand the relationships between different elements within a concept. For instance, understanding how changing the temperature can impact the water cycle is an example of analysis.

What are the four types of knowledge mentioned in the transcript?

The four types of knowledge are: 1) Factual knowledge, 2) Conceptual knowledge, 3) Procedural knowledge, and 4) Metacognitive knowledge.

What is the significance of metacognitive knowledge in learning?

Metacognitive knowledge involves understanding one’s own strategies for learning and thinking. It has a significant impact on learning, as it helps students become more aware of how they learn and apply this awareness to improve their cognitive processes.