Lenguaje inclusivo: ¿IMPOSICIÓN? ¿POLÍTICO? ¿ANTINATURAL?
Summary
TLDREl guion del video explora el lenguaje inclusivo desde una perspectiva sociolingüística, debatiendo su naturaleza y utilización en la sociedad. Se cuestiona la idea de que el cambio lingüístico debe ser natural y lento, argumentando que el español ha adoptado préstamos de otras lenguas rápidamente a lo largo de su historia. Se discute la resistencia al cambio gramatical propuesto por el lenguaje inclusivo, que busca representar un tercer género, y se compara con cambios pasados como el uso de -ísimo. Además, se analiza la manipulación política del lenguaje y cómo el lenguaje refleja la sociedad. El video también ofrece estrategias para usar el lenguaje inclusivo y no binario, como la elección de palabras epicenas y la modificación de estructuras oracionales, y cómo se maneja en otros idiomas como el inglés.
Takeaways
- 🌟 El lenguaje inclusivo no es algo impuesto por la política, sino una evolución lingüística que refleja la sociedad.
- 📚 Se cuestiona la idea de que el cambio lingüístico 'natural' ocurre solo a lo largo de siglos, ya que hay ejemplos de cambios rápidos en el pasado.
- 🌐 El lenguaje inclusivo no se adopta rápidamente; su uso está circunscrito a ciertos círculos específicos.
- 💬 La introducción de palabras de otros idiomas ha sido un cambio lingüístico común y rápido en el pasado.
- 🔍 Se destaca que el uso de un nuevo término es consciente y voluntario por parte de los hablantes, quienes deciden su aceptación.
- 🚫 Se argumenta que el lenguaje no es machista, sino que refleja una sociedad machista.
- 👥 El lenguaje inclusivo busca representar y hacer visible a personas de géneros no binarios, más allá de simplemente incluir a hombres y mujeres.
- 📖 Se menciona que el uso del sufijo '-E' para el género no binario es un cambio gramatical documentado desde la década de 1970.
- 👍 Se destaca la importancia de respetar el lenguaje inclusivo, incluso si uno no lo utiliza.
- 🌍 Se compara el lenguaje inclusivo en español con otros idiomas como el inglés, francés y alemán, señalando que todos enfrentan desafíos similares.
- 👥 Se discute la creación de un nuevo género gramatical para el no binario, con pronombres y artículos neutros como 'elle' y 'le'.
Q & A
¿Qué es el lenguaje inclusivo?
-El lenguaje inclusivo es un sistema de comunicación que busca evitar la discriminación y promover la igualdad de género al evitar la exclusión de personas de ciertos grupos, como los no binarios, al usar un lenguaje que refleje y respete la diversidad de identidades de género.
¿Cómo se relaciona el lenguaje inclusivo con la evolución del lenguaje?
-Según el guion, la evolución del lenguaje no es algo que ocurra de manera mágica o inconsciente, sino que es un proceso en el que los hablantes son conscientes y aceptan los cambios, lo que incluye el lenguaje inclusivo.
¿Por qué la introducción de palabras de otro idioma se considera un cambio 'natural' en el lenguaje?
-La introducción de palabras de otro idioma se considera un cambio 'natural' porque ha ocurrido a lo largo de la historia y ha sido aceptada por los hablantes, lo que ha llevado a que estas palabras se integren en el lenguaje.
¿Por qué se considera que el lenguaje inclusivo avanza demasiado rápido según el guion?
-Según el guion, el lenguaje inclusivo se percibe como avanzando rápidamente porque está relacionado con cambios sociales y políticos que algunos ven como impuestos, aunque en realidad su adopción es más lenta y se centra en círculos específicos.
¿Cómo se menciona que el lenguaje inclusivo propone un tercer género gramaticalmente?
-El guion señala que el lenguaje inclusivo propone cambios gramaticales, como la introducción de un tercer género, lo que es una modificación más profunda que el cambio léxico y que puede ser vista como una innovación fuerte en la estructura del lenguaje.
¿Cómo se describe el cambio gramatical que introdujo el sufijo -ísimo en el idioma español?
-El sufijo -ísimo se introdujo en el idioma español a través de la influencia del latín durante la Renaissance y Humanismo, y a pesar de que inicialmente fue objeto de burla, eventualmente se integró en el lenguaje como algo 'naturalísimo'.
¿Por qué la aceptación de un cambio lingüístico puede ser socialmente complicada según el guion?
-La aceptación de un cambio lingüístico es socialmente complicada porque la rechazo a lo nuevo es algo innata en las personas y, en el caso del lenguaje inclusivo, está conectado con grupos minoritarios y marginados, lo que puede generar resistencia.
¿Cómo se menciona que el lenguaje se manipula en la sociedad?
-El guion da ejemplos de cómo el lenguaje ha sido manipulado por la política, como en el caso de los nombres oficiales de ciertas provincias en España, demostrando que el lenguaje siempre ha sido y será manipulado.
¿Qué es lo que el Real Academia Española (RAE) sugiere con su lema 'Cleans, fixes and gives splendor'?
-El lema de la RAE indica que su intención es limpiar, estandarizar y dar esplendor al idioma español, lo que implica una manipulación del lenguaje con un propósito específico.
¿Cómo se describe el uso del lenguaje inclusivo en la vida diaria del hablante?
-Según el guion, aunque el hablante no utiliza el lenguaje inclusivo en sus videos por razones de audiencia, intenta usar un lenguaje indirectamente no binario en su vida diaria y se esfuerza por respetar la manera en que las personas prefieren ser llamadas.
¿Cómo se sugiere utilizar el lenguaje inclusivo en el inglés?
-El guion sugiere que en el inglés, que no tiene géneros gramaticales en palabras, se puede utilizar lenguaje inclusivo evitando expresiones que refieran específicamente a hombres o mujeres, como 'mankind', y utilizando pronombres neutrales como 'they'.
¿Qué es la 'lengua indirectamente no binaria' y cómo se utiliza?
-La 'lengua indirectamente no binaria' es un enfoque que evita todas las manifestaciones de género, eligiendo palabras epicenas o cambiando la estructura de las oraciones para no revelar género, lo que se menciona como una técnica utilizada en contextos formales y técnicos.
¿Cómo se describe la postura de la RAE hacia el lenguaje no binario?
-Según el guion, la RAE no reconoce oficialmente el lenguaje no binario pero tampoco lo condena directamente. Hechos como tweets de la institución sugieren que permiten su uso en ciertos contextos, lo que indica una postura indirecta de aceptación.
Outlines
🗣️ Evolución y naturaleza del lenguaje inclusivo
El primer párrafo explora la definición del lenguaje inclusivo y su aceptación en la sociedad. Se cuestiona la idea de que el lenguaje se transforma de manera 'natural' o 'imposición política'. Se discute la evolución lenta del lenguaje frente a cambios rápidos como la inclusión de palabras de otros idiomas. Además, se desmiente la idea de que el lenguaje inclusivo es una propuesta de género tercio, explicando que el uso de terminaciones como '-E' tiene un origen histórico. Se argumenta que el cambio lingüístico es un proceso social y que la resistencia al cambio es natural en las personas, especialmente cuando está vinculado a grupos minoritarios y marginados.
👥 La sociedad en reflexión en el lenguaje inclusivo
Este párrafo aborda cómo el lenguaje cambia para reflejar la evolución de la sociedad, especialmente en cuanto a la inclusión de la mujer y la representación de géneros. Se menciona que el lenguaje no es impuesto, sino que se debe respetar su uso. Se aclara que 'hola a todes' no es lenguaje inclusivo y se introduce la idea de la 'división' como una forma de inclusión que ha existido desde la Edad Media. Se discute la importancia de reconocer y representar a personas no binarias y se explica la distinción entre género gramatical, sexo biológico e identidad de género. Se sugiere el uso de palabras epicenas y terminaciones neutrales como '-E' para incluir a personas no binarias.
📚 Consideraciones sobre el lenguaje no binario y su aceptación
El tercer párrafo se centra en el uso del lenguaje no binario y cómo se relaciona con el género sociocultural y gramatical. Se discuten ejemplos de cómo adaptar palabras específicas para incluir a personas no binarias y se menciona la creatividad necesaria para adaptar palabras que no comparten una raíz común. Se habla sobre la 'lengua indirecta no binaria' en contextos formales y técnicas, y cómo evitar la manifestación de género. Además, se menciona la posición de la RAE con respecto al lenguaje no binario, que indirectamente lo permite.
🌐 Aprendiendo lenguas e inclusividad en el idioma inglés
El último párrafo concluye con la importancia de aprender lenguas para poder usar el lenguaje inclusivo y no binario en ellos. Se menciona Lingoda como una plataforma para aprender idiomas y se ofrece un descuento para los espectadores. Se discuten formas de usar el lenguaje no binario en inglés, como el uso de 'they' para referirse a una persona no binaria. Se enfatiza que el lenguaje es un reflejo de la sociedad y que no hay un argumento lingüístico para criticar el lenguaje inclusivo y no binario.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Lenguaje inclusivo
💡Cambio lingüístico
💡Gramatical gender
💡Sexo biológico
💡Identidad de género
💡Palabra epicena
💡Esplitico
💡Lenguaje indirecto no binario
💡RAE
💡Lingoda
Highlights
Inclusive language is a sociolinguistic topic that involves more than just language evolution; it reflects societal changes and attitudes towards gender inclusivity.
Language changes are often 'unnatural' and can be influenced by external factors such as politics or social movements, challenging the idea that language evolves organically.
The speed of language change, particularly in the adoption of inclusive language, is a point of contention, with critics arguing it moves too fast for organic acceptance.
The use of loanwords from other languages has historically been a rapid way languages evolve, suggesting that 'unnatural' changes are not new.
Inclusive language is often associated with political agendas, which can influence its adoption and perception in society.
The debate around the third gender in inclusive language is a significant point of discussion, as it challenges traditional grammatical structures.
Historical examples of language change, such as the adoption of the suffix -ísimo, demonstrate that societal acceptance can shift over time.
The acceptance of linguistic changes is complex and often met with resistance, particularly when changes are associated with marginalized groups.
The comparison between Spanish and English in terms of gender inclusivity highlights the challenges and opportunities in different languages.
Sponsorship by Lingoda emphasizes the importance of language learning as a means to understand and engage with inclusive language practices.
The discussion around the imposition of inclusive language by policy raises questions about the role of government and institutions in language evolution.
The distinction between grammatical gender, biological sex, and gender identity is crucial for understanding the nuances of inclusive language.
Non-binary language aims to represent and make visible individuals who do not identify with traditional gender categories.
The use of the ending -E in Spanish is a strategy for non-binary language, reflecting a shift towards gender-neutral forms.
The challenges of readability and pronunciation in non-binary language, such as the use of @ and X, highlight the practical considerations in language reform.
Indirect non-binary language in formal and technical contexts seeks to avoid explicit gender manifestations, showcasing a more subtle approach to inclusivity.
The role of the Real Academia Española (RAE) in language standardization and its stance on non-binary language is a significant aspect of the debate.
The speaker's personal stance on inclusive language, balancing support for the concept with practical considerations of audience acceptance and financial sustainability.
The use of inclusive language in English, such as the pronoun 'they' for non-binary individuals, demonstrates cross-linguistic efforts towards gender inclusivity.
Transcripts
What is inclusive language?
We can accept natural changes
but not a political change and imposed by force,
because that's not how language evolves, is it?
Hello, good afternoon.
In my previous video I already explained if, from a linguistic point of view,
the inclusive language makes sense or not
Now let's see it from a sociolinguistic point of view
and I'll also tell you why I don't use it.
Have there been more "unnatural" changes in the history of Spanish?
Well, okay, first of all, what is a "natural" change?
Something unconscious.
You think it's like a little flower, right? Something magically comes out...
but no.
People who speak a language are aware of changes
that are taking place in it
but most accept it, and that's why it changes.
[Dorotea] Yeah, but they are changes that take centuries.
[Dorotea] The problem with inclusive language is that it's moving too fast.
Well, actually it doesn't go fast at all because few people use it,
which moves in very specific circles.
However, something that on numerous occasions has gone very fast,
has been introducing words from another language,
and wow, surprise surprise, most of the words in today's languages
are loans from others,
older or newer, but loans.
When a new word is introduced people are aware
that they're using it voluntarily.
And it's those people who are going to decide to accept it or not
precisely with its use.
Are we doing something “unnatural” by saying 'football'?
(Because of course, it's an anglicism and...
that is not a natural change…).
[Dorotea] Yeah, well, but that's just words.
[Dorotea] The problem with inclusive language is that it proposes a third gender
[Dorotea] and that's a grammatical change,
[Dorotea] which is much stronger than a lexical change.
Well, besides that's totally debatable
and that the ending in -E is documented since the 70s
(obviously with much less force),
Is this the first time a voluntary grammatical change has occurred
and that it has not taken centuries?
Well yes, the truth is yes...
¡Que nooo!
Attention, because this is INTERESANTÍSIMO.
[Dorotea] Why didn't you say superinter…?
This is a suffix, -ísimo, that we all use now,
did not exist in medieval Castilian
but, from the fifteenth century with the Renaissance and Humanism,
prevailed in the educated classes.
Because it was a suffix that came from Latin and it was super cool.
So, a minority, which were the ones for us
would be the cool people of the time,
started using it and the rest made fun of them
putting -ísimo at the end of any word.
But what happened in the end?
Well it spread
and now it is something "naturalísimo" of the Spanish language.
The acceptance of a linguistic change is socially complicated
and to reject something is innate in people.
In addition, in this case it is connected with minority and marginalized groups.
Using this language implies looking at something
that a lot of people haven't wanted to see and would prefer not to see anymore.
[Dorotea] If Spanish were like English, everything would be much easier
[Dorotea] because there are no genders.
Well,
Do you think English has no problems with inclusive language?
And yes it has, and the French, and the German...
Well, and many more,
but I said these 3 conveniently because,
along with Spanish, they are the ones you can learn in...
Lingoda!
Who sponsored this video
Lingoda is a platform that offers language courses to small groups
from only 6 euros per class.
If you stay until the end, I'll explain how it works
and I'll tell you in a very succinct way why English
also has the inclusive language and how it works.
[Dorotea] Well, but what I really don't like about inclusive language is
[Dorotea] that is a change that is imposed by policy.
But how is it political?
That some politicians use it to win votes from "progres", for example,
is telling us that there is a part of the population
(at least those progres)
who sees the social need to use it.
As I've already told you a million times,
the language reflects the culture of the society that speaks it
and not the other way around.
The language is not male chauvinist but rather reflects a male chauvinist society.
But also, what do you write every day?
The standard language,
which is a thing made in an equally artificial way.
Do you think it's made without a background political or social ideology?
It's what it says even the RAE's own motto:
“Cleans, fixes and gives splendor”.
It makes it pretty clear to us what the intention is
with this institution was born,
which had no qualms in rejecting and creating to its "pleasure".
Tell me one thing in the comments
Do you say Gerona? Girona?
Lérida? Lleida?
La Coruña or A Coruña?
The Castilian form is Gerona, Lérida and La Coruña.
But, the government in 1992, pulled a law
by which they become officially Girona and Lleida
the provinces of Gerona and Lerida.
And in 1998, another by which the current province of La Coruña
will be officially called A Coruña
(well, and in this same law it also said that Orense
will be called Ourense).
The language is manipulated at will,
if this is what people refer to with artificial change.
And this, happens constantly, always has and always will.
If society is changing, which luckily it is,
it is normal that the language also changes and that it reflects a society in which
Oops! There are not only men...
The woman is ceasing to be something collateral
and she is trying to occupy the same position as the man in the society.
And that, has its reflection in the language.
Why does it bother us that this splitting is used
to also include women?
No one forces us to use inclusive language
but yes to respect it
(well let's see, in reality nobody forces us either
but it would be nice if we did).
Also, I'm sorry to inform you that “hola a todes”
is not inclusive language.
I've been talking to Inés, you can follow her on Twitter as @MibiaTm.
She is a translator she knows a lot about this topic
and she has been solving many doubts for me
because obviously I'm not an expert
and I'm also learning with this video.
[Dorotea] So, how is inclusive language used?
[Dorotea] Do I have to write an @ ot an X that can't be read?
Inclusive language is much more than that.
In short, the UN tells us
that discriminatory expressions should be avoided,
make gender visible when the communicative situation demands it,
that is to say, I am interested in specifying that this affects exclusively men,
and not specify when the communicative situation does not require it,
that is, to use for example epicaean words,
that is, words that have their grammatical gender,
such as 'la persona',
but that include other gender identities
(because a person doesn't have to necessarily be a man).
One form of inclusive language is splitting.
That is, naming the male form and the female form,
like, for example, in “hola a todos y a todas”.
This is not something new, it has been around for many centuries.
In medieval times it was something very common to make clear
that certain regulations or solutions also affected women.
But, with this splitting,
we are including only men and women.
So, is binary,
but there are non-binary people, that is,
people who don't identify with any gender identity,
neither male nor female, or who only partially identify themselves.
Many people think that all this has been born
so that women feel more identified and represented,
but these people don't understand (or don't want to understand)
that the topic can go further.
Here it is important that we define 3 things,
and it's a very difficult distinction to make and I hope I didn't make a mistake when making it:
Grammatical gender, biological sex and gender as identity.
Grammatical gender is a classification
which have certain languages for certain words,
like the noun, the adjective, etc.
Spanish has masculine words, feminine words
and some neutral words,
like ‘esto’, ‘aquello’, ‘lo’.
Biological sex, from what I have been able to find in some scientific articles,
is divided into 3:
Female, who was born with XX chromosomes
and the female reproductive system;
male, born with XY chromosomes
and the male reproductive system;
and intersex
that is, what was previously known as hermaphrodism,
people who submit a discrepancy
between your chromosomal sex and your reproductive system.
That is, they have characteristics
both of the male sex and of the female sex.
Closely related to this, I leave you in the description
An Anthroporama's video
That maybe can open your mind a little more.
And finally, we have the gender identity,
which according to the UN, is not determined by sex
but rather it is something that builds the individual to the free choice of it.
Non-binary people do not identify
neither with the masculine gender nor with the feminine.
But be careful huh, this is not something new for "progre" people,
there are references to people who were neither male nor female
from Mesopotamian mythology.
The non-binary language was born precisely
to represent this reality,
to mention and to make people visible
the ones you don't usually talk about or the ones who doesn't are usually think about,
for whatever reason.
The use of the ending -E is neutral or non-binary language,
and use epicene words such as “el alumnado”
or “la población” or “la gente”,
it would be a strategy for both the inclusive language and the non-binary language.
The @ for example is binary
because it only refers to masculine and feminine.
It's often used because the non-binary gender neutral
is not formally accepted.
(and well, it's very little accepted on a social level).
It is not yet perceived that the E can be formal or serious language.
The X and E are often used to refer to a non-binary person.
Issues? Because neither the X nor the @ are readable.
Can't be said out loud
but it's screen readers for people who can't read or see,
for example, they can't read these words either.
And that's why the ending in -E is gaining so much strength.
[Dorotea] But how does it work?
There is simply a new genre.
The pronoun is 'elle', the article is 'le' and its ending is -E.
But we must keep in mind one thing,
grammatical gender and sociocultural gender
maybe they don't match.
[Dorotea] Huh?
The word 'persona' grammatically has the feminine gender
but socioculturally it is neutral because it does not define any gender.
So, we normally say “esta persona es muy alta”
and we don't say “esta persona es muy alte”,
because the noun is feminine.
However, in the non-binary language we will say “les artistas”
because here the generic masculine would be used,
“los artistas”.
[Dorotea] And what about the words that
[Dorotea] are they different in the masculine and in the feminine?
[Dorotea] Like 'actor' and 'actriz', for example.
Well, here we would have to think about what the root is.
If we think of derived words, we would have 'actoral'.
So, it's modified from here and we have 'actore'.
[Dorotea] Now, what if they don't share a root? Like mother/father, daughter-in-law/son-in-law...
Well, that's where and people get creative.
For example, for mother/father many people use 'adre',
'xadre' is also seen, but less so.
Or you can paraphrase, that is,
say “le novie de mi hijo/hija o hije”.
[Dorotea] And if we are translators and we have to write a formal text,
[Dorotea] what do we do?
Well, in technical and formal language it is not well seen
because it is not considered “recognized”.
So, what is tended to be used is what the linguist Artemis López
called “indirect non-binary language”
that is, avoid all manifestations of gender.
How can we do this?
Well, by choosing epicene words, such like 'persona',
or by changing the structure of the sentence,
for example, instead of saying “¿estás preparado?”
we can say “¿te has preparado?”.
This can be very complicated
but I think that all this video I have done it with this language
and maybe you didn't even notice...
So it's not impossible
but you have to be careful with epicene words
because they can acquire a gender
if they have any adjective or marked article.
For example, we can say “mi aprendiz está feliz”,
which would be a neutral phrase,
but, “mi aprendiz está contento” isn't anymore.
[Dorotea] So, the RAE doesn't recognize it, does it?
She doesn't approve but she doesn't quite condemn him either.
In 2021 she posted a tweet saying
if the translators wanted to use the neutral gender
because in the original the neutral gender was also used,
they were free to do so.
And in another tweet she suggested treating non-binary people
how they would like to be treated.
So, it indirectly allows the use of non-binary language.
And here we enter in the usual controversy,
the speakers are who create the language,
Shouldn't the RAE collect the use that is given to it
and not tell us how we have to talk?
Inclusive language is not a slang thing
or something people use for fun.
And the fact of ignoring it or even despising it,
means that you are also ignoring and despising a reality,
that there are people who are neither men nor women.
[Dorotea] Ok, and now the most important question,
[Dorotea] why don't you use it?
Well basically because no one forces me to use it.
I'm totally in favor of inclusive and non-binary language
but unfortunately most people don't.
I live from the income that this channel gives me,
and to give you an idea,
with the previous video I lost about 500 subscriptions
and I won about 2 thousand.
Let's see, maybe this doesn't tell you anything and it's totally normal
lose subscriptions.
The truth is that I prefer, that if you are not going to watch my videos,
do not subscribe
(if you see them, subscribe right now).
But what about other videos that are much more objective and without ideologies,
for example, the video of the double negative?
Well, it has fewer visualizations than the inclusive language,
And yet, I won almost 3 thousand and lost less than 100.
However, in my day-to-day life I try to use indirect non-binary language,
and if a person tells me that he would like
to address him in a certain way,
obviously I do.
[Dorotea] And what about in English for example?
Well, then the English,
even though it doesn't have words that are masculine or feminine,
nor adjectives that decline,
it has words that refer to men or women.
And also the pronouns.
What could we do to use an inclusive language
or a non-binary language?
First of all, know how to speak English,
because otherwise, you won't need it...
So, you can go right now to the link in the description
and take a course of...
Lingoda!
And also, if you use this link,
you will directly have a discount of 30%,
but 30%, that's outrageous!
But you can also take a trial without paying anything,
to see if you like it or not.
With the trial you would have 7 days to do 3 group classes
or a private class,
and if you like it, then you can do more classes later.
And depending on what you want,
you can sign up month by month or for longer periods,
3 months, 6 months ot 12 months.
With one you can get out for 8 euros, and with the other, for 6
and it's super flexible because you can choose classes at any time of the day,
any day of the week
and organize it as you want,
even the topics you want to see.
Although, if you feel like having a guide, you can use the one Lingoda offers you.
Also, it has a lot of extra activities
so you can practice after classes.
And another super important thing is that the groups are a maximum of 5 people.
I've been going to French classes
and I loved that there were teachers from a lot of different places.
Because like this, you're hearing a lot of different accents.
and my understanding doesn't boil down to a single variety.
And of course, when I speak in French,
people don't know where I'm from
although, obviously, they think I'm a native ;)
So, once you have learned to communicate in English (for example),
you will be able to use the inclusive language or the non-binary.
What is usually used is indirect non-binary language.
That is, instead of saying 'mankind', for example,
say 'humanity'.
I haven't taken the Lingoda English course, okay?
What about the pronouns?
'He' is masculine, 'she' is feminine and 'they' is non-binary.
And similarly, we have 'his', 'her' and 'their' (for non-binary).
In conclusion, after these 2 controversial videos
about inclusive and non-binary language,
I can say that, at least from my point of view,
there is no linguistic argument to criticize it,
and I repeat, the language reflects the society in which it is spoken
and not the other way around.
Browse More Related Video
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