生物人類学者だけど「愛について」質問ある？ | Tech Support | WIRED.jp

Summary

このスクリプトでは、生物学的人類学者であるヘレン・フィッシャー博士が愛についての研究を通じて、人間の脳が5〜9つの選択肢しか処理できないこと、愛は一瞬で引き金が引かれる感情であること、そして愛は依存症のようなものであると説明しています。また、恋愛は文化や個人の性格、さらには脳の異なるシステムによって影響を受けるとも述べています。オンラインデートの誤解や恋愛と友情の区別、恋愛におけるドパミンの役割、そして魂の相性についても触れています。フィッシャー博士は、恋愛は人間の脳に深く根ざしており、私たちの生存と繁殖に不可欠な要素であると語っています。

Takeaways

• 🧠 人脳は5から9つの選択肢までしか扱うことができないとされています。それ以上だと脳はうまく機能しなくなります。
• 💓 ロマンチックな愛情は瞬時に引き金を引く脳のシステムです。これは恐怖や怒りと同じようにすぐに活性化されることができます。
• 🗺️ 人は「ラブマップ」と呼ばれる潜在意識と意識のリストを持っており、パートナーに求める条件が記載されています。
• 🔗 ロマンチックな愛情は一瞬で起こることもできますが、依存感は人を知ることによって徐々に感じ始めます。
• ❤️ 恋愛は人間の脳に深く根ざしており、それは何百万年も進化してきた基本的な脳のシステムです。
• 🧩 脳スキャンで失恋した15人の脳を調べたところ、脳の回路が混乱していることがわかりました。
• 🕰️ 時間が経てば経つほど、恋愛による心の傷は癒されると証明されています。これは生存戦略として進化したものです。
• 🌐 恋愛は原始的で適応可能で永続的なものです。私たちはそれに耐えることができ、それに耐える方法も持っています。
• 📱 オンラインデーティングはロマンスを殺すことはできませんが、人間の脳は5から9つの選択肢を扱うことが適切です。
• 🤔 恋愛と友情の引き金は異なり、恋愛では相手に特別な意味を持ち、常にその人を考えてしまうという違いがあります。
• 🧬 人間の愛情は文化的、自然的、個性的にパターンがあると示されている。これは4つの基本的な脳システムと関連しています。

Q & A

人間の脳はどれくらいの選択肢までしか処理できないとDr. Helen Fisherは述べていますか？

Dr. Helen Fisherは、人間の脳は5から9つの選択肢までしか処理できないと述べています。それ以上の選択肢を提示すると、脳はその選択肢を無視し始め、誰を選ぶともならない傾向にあります。

恋愛の瞬間的引き合い方とは何ですか？

恋愛の瞬間的引き合い方は、脳のシステムの一つであり、恐怖や怒りと同じようにすぐに引き起こされる可能性があります。人が恋に落ちる準備ができているとき、自分の愛のマップに合致する人を見つけ、彼らとの会話を通じて脳の羅曼チックな愛のサーキットが瞬時にトリガーされます。

恋愛はどのように進化しましたか？

恋愛は何百万年にもわたって進化しており、私たちはパートナーシップや一夫一婦制を形成するようになりました。これは、97パーセントの哺乳類が行わないことが人類の特徴です。また、一夫一婦制の進化と共に、性的欲、恋愛、深い絆を感じるための脳のシステムも進化しました。

恋愛の拒絶によって脳のどのような変化が見られますか？

恋愛の拒絶によって、脳の特定の領域、特に伏隔核（nucleus accumbens）で活動が見られます。この領域は、すべての依存症と関連しており、恋愛の拒絶時にも同じくらい活性化されます。

恋愛はなぜ中毒状態に似ているとDr. Helen Fisherは述べていますか？

Dr. Helen Fisherは、恋愛が中毒状態に似ていると述べています。それは、恋愛の拒絶後にも伏隔核で活動が見られるためです。これは、物質依存症やギャンブル依存症などの行動依存症で同じような活性化が見られる領域です。

オンラインデーティングで出会ったカップルの離婚率は通常のカップルと比べてどうですか？

オンラインデーティングで出会ったカップルは、オフラインで出会ったカップルよりもわずかに離婚率が低い傾向があります。オンラインでデートする人々は、より多くのploymentを持ち、教育レベルが高く、コミットメントのあるパートナーシップに興味を持つ傾向があります。

恋愛と純粋な友情の間の主要な違いは何ですか？

恋愛と友情の間の主要な違いは、恋愛では相手が特別な意味を持つことです。車や住む家、音楽など、相手に関する全てが特別になるのに対し、友情ではそうではありません。また、恋愛では酔狂的に考え、毎日のように考えるという特徴があります。

恋愛を感じるときに体内でどのような化学的な変化が起こるのですか？

恋愛を感じるときには、脳のベントラルテgmentalエリア（VTA）でドーパミンが産生され、多くの脳領域に送られることで、恋愛のフォーカス、モチベーション、執着、渇望を与えます。また、喉のどろや心臓の鼓動など、生理的な反応も起こることがあります。

魂の相性とは何ですか？また、人は一度に複数の魂の相性を持つことができますか？

魂の相性とは、非常に深い本当の愛を意味し、他の人との性的な関係を持ちたくなく、非常に深い絆を持ち、その人のために死ぬことにも考えられるようなパートナーです。Dr. Helen Fisherは、人には複数の魂の相性を持つことができるが、一度に複数の魂の相性を持つことはないと語っています。

恋愛と心臓とを結びつける理由は何ですか？

恋愛と心臓とを結びつける理由は、恋愛を感じるときに心臓が非常に激しく鼓動し、神経症的な状態になるためです。また、1300年代にジャン・フォン・ユイの絵画以来、ハートの形は恋愛に結びつけられていますが、その形状は5000年前にインドスバ儿トン時代のクミンの種やivyの葉から来ています。

オンラインデーティングで出会ったカップルはなぜ離婚率が低い傾向にあるのですか？

オンラインデーティングで出会ったカップルは、オフラインで出会ったカップルよりも離婚率が低い傾向にある理由は、オンラインでデートする人々がより完全な雇用状態にある傾向があり、教育レベルが高く、コミットメントのあるパートナーシップに興味を持つ傾向があるからです。

Outlines

00:00

🧠 恋愛と脳の関係

Dr. Helen Fisherは生物学的人類学者として恋愛を研究し、人間の脳が5〜9つの選択肢しか処理できないことを説明しています。恋愛は恐怖や怒りと同じように脳のシステムとしてすぐにトリガーされると述べています。また、恋愛マップと呼ばれる潜在意識と意識の下にあるパートナーの条件リストが存在し、それが一致する人物に出会った際に恋愛の脳回路がすぐに活性化されると説明しています。さらに、恋愛は古くから存在し、人間の動物性の特徴であると語り、恋愛、性的潤滑と深い愛情の脳システムが進化してきたとしています。恋愛は中毒症のようなもので、特定の脳領域であるnucleus accumbensが恋愛の拒絶時に活動し、それは他の中毒症と同様に活動すると述べています。

05:01

💓 恋愛の文化と脳システム

文化的な要素やタイミング、近隣性、民族、社会経済的背景、教育レベルなどが恋愛に影響を与えるとされています。さらに、ドパミン、セロトニン、テストステロン、エストロゲンという4つの基本的な脳システムがそれぞれ異なる性格の特徴を持つと説明されています。Dr. Fisherはこれらの脳システムと関連する性格の特徴を調べるための質問票を作成し、それを利用して人々が自然に誰に惹かれるかを観察しています。恋愛は特定の人間にのみ焦点を当て、彼らが特別な意味を持つように感じるという感情です。また、恋愛と友情の間の違いについても触れており、恋愛は人を酔狂させ、彼らを常に心に留めるものであると述べています。

10:02

❤️ 恋愛と嫉妬、そして霊魂の相棒

恋愛と心臓との関連について説明しており、心臓は恋愛によって急速に鼓動し始めることがあるとされています。また、恋愛には霊魂の相棒という概念も存在し、Dr. Fisherは霊魂の相棒とは真の愛情であり、他の人々と眠ることはない深い愛情と結びつきがあると語っています。同時に、霊魂の相棒は1人だけではないが、一度に1人だけを持つとされています。さらに、オンラインでの出会いが離婚率に与える影響や、恋愛と嫉妬心の関係、遊びが恋愛に与える影響などについても触れています。

Keywords

💡脳の限界

脳は約5から9つの選択肢までしか処理できません。それ以上の選択肢があると、脳はそれを無視して誰も選ばなくなります。これはビデオのテーマに関連して、恋愛においても選択肢が多すぎると、適切なパートナーを見つけることが難しくなると示唆しています。

💡恋愛マップ

恋愛マップとは、潜在意識と意識の中でパートナーに求める条件のリストです。ビデオでは、恋愛マップに合致する人が現れた際に、恋愛の脳の回路がすぐにトリガーされると説明しています。

💡一見で恋に落ちる

一見で恋に落ちることは、恐怖や怒りと同じように脳のシステムにすぐにトリガーされるとビデオで説明されています。これは恋愛における直感的な反応を指し、恋愛の瞬間的な側面を強調しています。

💡愛のアドディクション

ビデオでは、恋愛が中毒と呼ばれるものであると述べています。特に、愛情に溺れている人が振られた際に、脳の特定の領域であるnucleus accumbensが活動し、恋愛中毒と同様の活性を示すと主張しています。

💡時間が癒す

ビデオでは、時間が経つことで恋愛の傷跡も癒えると示されています。これは人間の生存戦略として進化したものであり、恋愛における復旧のメカニズムを説明しています。

💡恋愛と浮気

ビデオでは、恋愛と浮気が異なる脳のシステムによって制御されていると説明しています。愛している一方で、他の人々と関係を持つことがある可能性があるという複雑さを浮き彫りにしています。

💡恋愛と親愛

ビデオでは、恋愛と親愛が異なる感情であると述べています。恋愛は特定の人物に対する特別な意味を持つ感情であり、親愛はそれに対しては特別性がないという違いを指摘しています。

💡愛と心臓

愛が心臓と関連しているとされている理由について、ビデオでは生理的な反応として心臓の鼓動が強くなる現象があると説明しています。これは愛情表現における心臓の象徴的な役割を強調しています。

💡恋愛ホルモン

ビデオでは、恋愛を感じるときの体内で活性化されるホルモンについて触れています。特に、dopamineが恋愛における焦点、動機、執着、そして強迫観念をもたらすと説明しています。

💡オンラインデーティング

ビデオでは、オンラインデーティングが恋愛に与える影響について話されています。オンラインデーティングは恋愛を殺すことはできないが、人々が適切なパートナーを見つけるのを助けることができると述べています。

💡魂の相性

ビデオでは、魂の相性について信じることと、一度に一人だけとの相性が最も強いとされていると説明しています。これは恋愛における一つの深い愛情と忠誠さを示唆しています。

Highlights

The human brain can handle about five to nine options before it spaces out when choosing a partner.

Love at first sight is a brain system that can be triggered instantly, similar to fear or anger.

People carry an unconscious and conscious 'love map' of what they seek in a partner.

Romantic love can be instant, unlike attachment which grows over time.

Pair bonding or monogamy is a hallmark of human behavior, evolved alongside the human brain systems for love and attachment.

Brain scans of people rejected in love show intense activity in the nucleus accumbens, a region active in addictions.

Romantic love is described as an addiction due to activity in the nucleus accumbens.

Time heals heartbreak as a survival mechanism that has evolved over millions of years.

People make mistakes on dating apps by binging on too many options and focusing on reasons to say no.

To improve dating success, limit options to nine and focus on reasons to say yes.

Being in love with someone doesn't prevent one from also being attracted to others due to different brain systems for love and sex drive.

Attraction is influenced by cultural, timing, proximity, and shared background factors.

Four basic brain systems (dopamine, serotonin, testosterone, estrogen) influence who we fall in love with.

People are naturally drawn to others with similar or opposite traits depending on the brain system.

Romantic love is characterized by obsession with the loved one, unlike platonic attraction.

Brain scans of people in love show activity in the ventral tegmental area, which produces dopamine.

The belief in soul mates suggests deep, genuine attachment and intense romantic love with one person at a time.

The association of love with the heart may stem from physiological responses during intense emotions.

Online dating is linked to slightly lower divorce rates and a higher likelihood of commitment.

Jealousy in love can be seen as 'mate guarding', a behavior observed in other animals to protect relationships.

Playing and spending leisure time with a partner can enhance feelings of love through the dopamine system.

Transcripts

the human brain is not built to deal

with more than about five to nine

options after that the brain just spaces

out you you choose nobody hi I'm Dr

Helen Fisher I'm a biological

Anthropologist I study love and this is

love support

[Music]

this person calls herself Ruth Bader

love at first sight is probably both

right wrong love at first sight is

extremely easy to explain this is a

brain system it's like the fear system

or the anger system and it can be

triggered instantly you got to be ready

for it and we all carry in our head what

I call a love map an unconscious and

conscious list of what you're looking

for in a partner but the moment comes

you're ready to fall in love you see

somebody from across the crowded room or

wherever they fit within your love map

you go over and you speak to them they

smile sweetly at you if they say

something that's funny or charming or

interesting and boom instantly trigger

that brain circuitry for at a glove

attachment that other brain system grows

slowly you have to get to know somebody

to begin to feel attachment but romantic

love can be instant yes this is from

Izzy lean who created love this is

too much to handle well love evolved for

millions of years we have formed

Partnerships pair bonding or monogamy

mono means one and Gammy means spouse

one spouse that's all it means to

scientists people are also adulterers

but they form Partnerships 97 of mammals

do not pair up to where they're young

people do it's a Hallmark of the human

animal and along with the evolution of

pair bonding came the evolution of the

human brain systems for the sex drive

romantic love and feelings of deep

attachment I and my colleagues have put

15 people into a brain scanner who had

just been rejected in love and the Brain

goes this the wiring just goes crazy I

mean when you're madly in love with

somebody and you've been dumped it's one

of the worst experiences I mean people

Pine for love they live for love they

kill for love and they die for love and

I do think that it is an addiction

because we found activity in a

particular brain region it's called the

nucleus accumbens that particular brain

region is active in all of the

addictions all the substance addictions

all the behavioral addictions like

gambling and it becomes just as active

when you've been rejected in love and

when this person says this is too

much to handle but we all do handle it

the vast majority of us do get over it

and I've been able to prove in the brain

that time does heal because it is our

survival it is a survival mechanism and

evolved millions of years ago and it

will be with us millions of years from

now romantic love is primordial

it's adaptable and it's Eternal so this

will always be too much to handle

but we'll do it anyway this person is

skz is my universe how to try and fall

in love during a pandemic dating apps

aren't really doing it they're doing it

for a lot of people about 40 percent of

singles in America said that they met

their last first date on the internet

they are the two mistakes that they make

perhaps this person is making them too

first mistake is they binge the human

brain is not built to deal with more

than about five to nine options after

that the brain just spaces out you

choose nobody so the first thing that

you've got to do is after you've met

nine people and that's what this person

needs to do get off the internet say get

off of it and get to know at least one

of these people better the more you get

to know somebody the better you tend to

like them so number one don't binge

number two think of reasons to say yes

instead of no we have this big brain

region like with negativity bias we're

built to remember the negative and when

you have just met somebody you know so

little about them that you overweight

those few things that you know and so

you'll say oh I don't know she likes

cats I like dogs never going to work get

over it think of reasons to say yes I

call it positive Illusions the ability

to overlook what you don't like about

somebody and focus on what you do this

is from somebody called the Jin bunny

too can you truly be in love and cheat

alas you can you know these are

different brain systems sex drive and

romantic love are different brain

systems and you can be madly in love

with somebody and also sleep around as a

matter of fact I do think that the brain

is unfortunately built for both I've

looked at adultery in 40 cultures and

you see it everywhere in the world even

in places where you could get your head

chopped off for it we seem to have the

ability to be madly in love with some

person and deeply attached to that

person and also sneak around I call it a

dual human reproductive strategy a

tremendous drive to fall in love for

apprenticeship and have your babies and

also to cheat next up is from Rodney J

Gavino Google search how does attraction

work why him why her why do you fall in

love with one person rather than another

there's all kinds of cultural reasons

that we tend to fall in love when the

timing is right we tend to follow up

with somebody who's around proximity is

important we tend to fall in love with

somebody from the same ethnic and

socioeconomic background somebody of the

same level of education and there's four

basic brain systems that each one of

them is associated with a constellation

a suite A group of personality traits

dopamine serotonin testosterone and

estrogen systems I created a

questionnaire to see to what degree you

express the traits in all four of these

basic brain systems it's now been taken

by over 15 million people in 40

countries and I'm able to watch who's

naturally drawn to whom if you're very

high on the traits in the dopamine

system risk taking novelty seeking

curious creative you tend to be drawn to

people like yourself if you are very

high on the traits of the serotonin

system you tend to be traditional

conventional follow the rules respect

authority detail-oriented rather than

theoretical you're also drawn to people

like yourself so if you're very high

testosterone you tend to be analytical

logical direct decisive good at things

like math engineering computers music

music's very structural and you're drawn

to your opposite high estrogen people

and this is man as well as women many

more women in that category they tend to

see the big picture they think long term

they're very imaginative very good at

reading posture gesture tone and voice

we all Express all four systems this is

what the problem is with most

personality questionnaires today they

put you in one bucket or another we

express all four brain systems and the

traits in each but we express some more

than others now there's all kinds of

circumstances where people are drawn to

their opposite in ways because if they

had a battle of Affair they've been

running around all their lives and now

they want something more stable so they

go for the traditional even if they're

very risk-taking this human variety but

the bottom line is this patterns to

culture there's patterns to Nature and

there's patterns to personality this is

from sad short friend too how does

someone know if they're feeling romantic

or platonic attraction there's a real

list of traits that are associated with

feelings of romantic love and they are

not associated with platonic attraction

the first thing that happens when you

fall in love is somebody takes on

special meaning everything about them

becomes special the car they drive looks

different from every other car in the

parking lot the house that they live in

the street that they live on the music

that they like when it's a plutonic

attraction not everything is special

about this human being you like them I

mean you're attracted to them you'll

find them amusing or funny or interested

but you don't they don't you don't

you're not obsessed with them but if you

had to think about one just one trait

that is most distinctive between the two

when you're madly in love with somebody

in the Romantic attraction you are

obsessed and in a platonic attraction

you don't think about them night and day

this person is reprogrammed coach is

online dating killing romance it can't

kill romance this is a basic brain

system it evolved millions of years ago

it's like hunger or thirst or anger or

fear you can't kill romance my next up

is from Nita beater I wonder what's

actually going on through our bodies

when we think we're in love like what

chemicals are enhanced I and my

colleagues have put over 100 people into

a brain scanner who were madly in love

the first group were people who were

happily in love the second were a group

of people who were rejected in love and

the third was a group of people who were

in love long terms we put these people

in the brain scanner we had them look at

a photograph of their sweetheart and

also a neutral photograph so we could

compare the brain under both

circumstances and we were able to find

that everybody who's madly loved

rejected in love or in love long term

begins to have activity in a tiny little

Factory near the base of the brain

called the ventral tape metal area it's

way at the base of the brain and that

brain region actually makes dopamine and

sends dopamine to many brain regions

giving you that Focus the motivation the

obsession the craving of intense

romantic love and what's interesting to

me is that little Factory the vt8 lies

right next to the factory that

orchestrates thirst and hunger thirst

and hunger keep you alive today romantic

love enables you to focus your mating

energy on just one individual at a time

and start the mating process and send

your DNA into tomorrow this is from

catch my fly do you believe in soul

mates

if so do you believe you can have more

than one yes and yes I do believe in

soul mates I do not believe you can have

more than one at a time so now what is a

soul mate I think what this person is

means is somebody who it's a true love

you're not going to sleep with other

people you're not thinking of going

anywhere you might even consider dying

for him or her it is a very deep genuine

attachment intense feeling of romantic

love and I think that um this is summed

up best by a poet from the 15th century

in India named Kabir the lane of Love is

narrow

room for only one and indeed when you're

madly in love it's with only one person

I do believe you can have a soul mate I

think that you may have a series of soul

mates but I don't think you can have

more than one soul mate at a time from

somebody called dance with voices why do

people associate love with the heart why

not the penis or the sternum there may

be a physiological reason why it has

been associated with love and that is

there's a lot of characteristics a lot

of things happen when you fall madly in

love and one of them is the heart can

really pound when you're really nervous

about something when you're madly in

love not only do you feel that ecstasy

Euphoria sleeplessness loss of appetite

obsessive thinking about the person

craving for emotional Union but also all

kinds of physiological responses weak

knees maybe a pounding heart it really

started in the 1300s with jaro in a

painting prior to that there were a lot

of uses of the shape of the heart in

fact as early as five thousand years ago

in the Indus Valley they were drawing

things that looked like the shape of a

heart and at that that point it was the

seed of a form of parsley plant or a an

ivy leaf but it became became associated

with romantic love probably with the

painting by jotto in in 1309 this is

from Jay at

53k1 I lust hard and lose interest quick

how does that work well they're not

ready to fall in love we've evolved

three distinctly different brain systems

from mating and reproduction one is a

sex drive linked with testosterone in

both men and women the second is

romantic love we've been able to prove

this is linked with the dopamine system

in both men and women that's what gives

you the focus the motivation the

obsession and the third brain system is

attachment that sense of calm and

security you can feel with a long-term

partner and this individual he's in the

lust stage he's not ready to fall in

love you know you have to be ready to

fall in love to actually do it and he's

just experiencing a different brain

system the lust system this question is

from gertig it's a very interesting

question any good data out there on

divorce rates for couples that meet via

online dating sites apparently if you

met somebody online as opposed to

offline you're less likely to divorce

just by a little but you are less likely

to divorce people who date online are

more likely to be fully employed more

likely to have higher education and more

likely to be interested in a committed

partnership this is from Reiki array how

can you be in love with somebody and

jealous of them

easily when you're madly in love with

somebody it's called mate guarding other

animals do it too and if you see your

partner beginning to flirt with other

individuals you could lose that partner

you could lose your children you could

lose your house you could lose your

friends you could lose your money I mean

you know the game of Love matters this

is from La matina 10. question of the

day this person writes couples that do

this together have 20 percent more love

hormones it's not dirty well I don't

know what this person has in mind but I

would say play when you play with

somebody you're driving up the dopamine

system in the brain and that gives you

focused motivation energy and optimism

play with somebody stay with somebody oh

that's it that's all the questions I

enjoyed answering them thank you for

joining me till next time