Five Theories About the Universe to Blow Your Mind

Summary

This intriguing script delves into various cosmic theories, some of which could potentially reshape our understanding of the universe. It explores the possibility of a fourth spatial dimension, suggesting our universe is trapped within a membrane, which might explain gravity's relative weakness. The script also questions the nature of gravity itself, proposing that our current models may be flawed. It touches on the idea that the speed of light might have once been faster, challenging the special theory of relativity. Additionally, it humorously considers the notion that Adolf Hitler's 1936 Olympic broadcast could have been humanity's first contact with extraterrestrials. Finally, it introduces the Boltzmann brain hypothesis, which posits that we might be brains that randomly formed after the universe's heat death, filled with false memories—a concept that, while absurd, has gained serious consideration in some cosmological circles.

Takeaways

• 🧐 The concept of a fourth spatial dimension is being explored to explain why gravity is weaker than the other fundamental forces. This idea is part of brane cosmology, which suggests our universe exists within a membrane, with gravity potentially leaking into higher dimensions beyond it.
• 🌌 Dark matter, which is proposed to account for unexplained gravitational effects, is itself unobservable and only inferred by its gravitational influence. This has led to alternative theories that suggest our understanding of gravity itself might be flawed and in need of revision.
• 🚀 The speed of light is a constant in a vacuum, but theories suggest that it may have been faster in the early universe. This idea is an alternative to the inflation theory and could potentially be tested in the future.
• 🌟 Adolf Hitler's opening speech at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin might have been the first human-made signal powerful enough to escape Earth's atmosphere and possibly be detected by extraterrestrial civilizations.
• 🤔 The Boltzmann brain hypothesis, which argues that it's more statistically likely for a single brain with false memories to form after the universe's heat death than the entire observable universe, has gained new consideration with advancements in multiverse theories.
• ⚖️ The hierarchy problem in physics questions why gravity is so much weaker than the other forces, and several theories, including string theory and brane cosmology, attempt to address this.
• 🔍 Scientists are actively pursuing the possibility of extra spatial dimensions to explain various phenomena, including the weakness of gravity.
• 🌌 Other universes might exist adjacent to ours, within their own membranes, and could be influencing our gravitational forces.
• 🔭 Experiments at the Large Hadron Collider aim to provide concrete proof for the existence of dark matter, which is currently only hypothesized based on gravitational effects.
• 🔥 Theoretical physics is considering the possibility that the speed of light was once much faster due to extremely high temperatures in the early universe, which could have implications for our understanding of physics.
• 🤓 The idea that we might be living in a universe that's a fluctuation from maximum entropy, as proposed by Ludwig Boltzmann, is taken more seriously with the advancement of multiverse theories.
• 🧬 Quantum physics and the random nature of quantum particles were not considered when Boltzmann first proposed his theories, which might offer explanations for the ordered state of the universe despite thermodynamics predictions.

Q & A

What is the issue with the gravitational force in the standard model of physics?

The issue is that gravity is significantly weaker compared to the other three natural forces. The standard model struggles to explain why this is the case, especially since at the time of the Big Bang, all forces should have existed as one and then separated into the four forces we observe today, with comparable strengths.

What is the concept of brane cosmology or braneworld theory?

Brane cosmology, also known as braneworld theory, suggests that our universe is trapped inside a membrane and exists entirely within this membrane, while a higher-dimensional space, referred to as the bulk, exists outside of it. This theory proposes that the gravitational force can leak out into the bulk, which could explain why gravity appears weaker compared to other forces.

What is the hierarchy problem in physics?

The hierarchy problem refers to the large discrepancy in the strength between gravity and the other fundamental forces. It's a challenge to explain why gravity is so much weaker, and it's considered one of the unsolved problems in theoretical physics.

What is Dark Matter and why was it proposed?

Dark Matter is a hypothetical form of matter that is believed to make up approximately 85% of the matter in the universe. It was proposed to explain the observed gravitational effects on celestial bodies, such as the rotation speeds of galaxies, which cannot be accounted for by visible matter alone. Dark Matter does not interact with the electromagnetic force, making it invisible and detectable only through its gravitational effects.

What is the logical problem with the Dark Matter theory?

The logical problem with the Dark Matter theory is that its existence is inferred solely from the gravitational effects it supposedly causes. This is considered circular reasoning because Dark Matter was proposed to explain these unexplained gravitational effects in the first place.

What alternative to the Dark Matter theory is mentioned in the script?

The script mentions that our understanding of gravity itself could be wrong, and that a new understanding of the gravitational force might eliminate the need for Dark Matter to explain the observed phenomena.

What is the speed of light and why is it considered a constant?

The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 300,000 kilometers per second and is considered a universal constant because it is the fastest speed at which any information or matter can travel according to Einstein's theory of special relativity.

What theory suggests that the speed of light may have once been faster?

An alternative theory to the inflation theory suggests that at the origins of the universe, when it was extremely hot, light could have undergone a phase change that allowed it to travel at speeds exceeding its current maximum speed, approaching effectively infinite speed.

What is the Horizon problem in the context of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)?

The Horizon problem refers to the uniformity of the temperature across the universe, which should not be possible given the size of the universe and the time since the Big Bang. The CMB, being the oldest measurable light in the universe, shows consistency in temperature, which contradicts the expectation that light and heat should not have reached all parts of the universe.

What is the concept of a Boltzmann Brain in cosmology?

The Boltzmann Brain is a theoretical concept that suggests it is more statistically likely for a single brain with false memories to form after the universe has reached maximum entropy (the heat death of the universe) than for the entire observable universe to form. It was initially proposed as a reductio ad absurdum argument against the idea that the universe could fluctuate from a state of maximum entropy to a more ordered state.

What is the significance of the 1936 Olympic Games broadcast in the context of potential alien contact?

The broadcast of the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin is considered to be the first human-made signal powerful enough to escape Earth's ionosphere and travel into outer space. This means that it could potentially be the first transmission received by an extraterrestrial civilization, making it significant in the context of potential first contact.

Outlines

00:00

🌌 The Possibility of a Fourth Spatial Dimension

This paragraph delves into the concept of a fourth spatial dimension, which is proposed to solve the mystery of gravity's relative weakness compared to other fundamental forces. The standard model of physics struggles to explain why gravity is so weak, and string theory suggests that at very small scales, forces could be equal in magnitude. However, a more compelling theory, called brane cosmology or braneworld, was introduced in 1999 by Lisa Randall and Raman Sundrum. It posits that our universe is confined within a membrane, with additional spatial dimensions existing in a higher-dimensional space beyond our own. According to this theory, the gravitational force is weak because it can 'leak' into these extra dimensions, unlike other forces that are trapped within our brane. This concept could also explain the existence of other universes, existing in parallel but imperceptible to us due to their different spatial dimensions. While experiments have been conducted to detect these extra dimensions, they have yet to yield any concrete evidence, leaving the theory as a compelling but unproven solution to some of the universe's most perplexing questions.

05:01

🌑 Rethinking Gravity and the Enigma of Dark Matter

The second paragraph challenges our understanding of gravity and introduces the concept of dark matter. Despite being the first force discovered, gravity remains one of the least understood natural forces, particularly in relation to the motion of celestial bodies. Galaxies rotate faster than expected, and some galaxies move away from us at speeds that seem impossible, leading to the proposal of dark matter. This theoretical substance is thought to make up about 85% of all matter in the universe, providing the additional gravitational force needed to explain these phenomena. However, dark matter's invisibility, as it does not interact with the electromagnetic force, means that its existence is inferred solely from its gravitational effects. This reliance on indirect evidence has led some to propose that our theories of gravity itself might be flawed and in need of revision. Historically, Isaac Newton's laws of gravity were replaced by Einstein's general theory of relativity, which also has its limitations, particularly within the event horizon of a black hole. The paragraph suggests that our current models of gravity may be incomplete and that a new understanding could potentially eliminate the need for dark matter, or at least require a reevaluation of its role in the cosmos.

10:02

🔥 The Variable Speed of Light and the Early Universe

This paragraph explores the possibility that the speed of light was once faster than its current constant value, which is a fundamental principle in physics. The theory suggests that in the extremely hot conditions of the early universe, light could have undergone a phase change, allowing it to travel at speeds much greater than its current maximum, possibly approaching infinite speed. This idea is proposed as an alternative to the inflation theory, which explains the uniformity of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) by suggesting a rapid exponential expansion of the universe shortly after the Big Bang. The inflation theory, while elegant and widely accepted, is untestable and raises questions about why such an event occurred only once. The variable speed of light theory offers a different perspective and could potentially be tested in the future, which would have profound implications for our understanding of physics, particularly Einstein's theory of special relativity. If confirmed, this theory would necessitate a significant rethinking of established physical laws and the nature of the universe itself.

📡 Hitler's Speech as First Contact and the Boltzmann Brain Paradox

The final paragraph discusses two speculative ideas: the possibility that Adolf Hitler's opening speech at the 1936 Olympic Games was the first human broadcast to escape Earth's atmosphere and potentially be detected by extraterrestrial civilizations, and the Boltzmann brain hypothesis, which challenges our understanding of the universe's organization. The first idea, inspired by Carl Sagan's novel 'Contact,' suggests that Hitler's speech could have been the first human signal to reach outer space, although it would have been weak and unlikely to be detected unless an alien civilization was actively searching for it. The second idea, the Boltzmann brain hypothesis, is a thought experiment that emerged from considerations of thermodynamics and the universe's tendency toward maximum entropy or disorder. It posits that it is more statistically likely for a single brain with false memories to form after the universe has reached its heat death than for the entire organized universe to exist as we perceive it. While initially a reductio ad absurdum argument against certain cosmological theories, the Boltzmann brain concept has gained new relevance with the advancement of multiverse theories, suggesting that we may be more likely to be such a brain with false memories than living in the universe as we believe it to be. This idea, while far-fetched, raises intriguing questions about the nature of reality and our place in the cosmos.

Keywords

💡Brain Cosmology

Brain Cosmology, also known as 'braneworld', is a theoretical framework that proposes the existence of at least a fourth spatial dimension. It is central to the video's theme as it attempts to solve the hierarchy problem in physics, explaining why gravity is weaker than the other fundamental forces. The script mentions that our universe might be trapped within a membrane, with gravity leaking into a higher-dimensional space known as the 'bulk', which could be a reason for gravity's comparative weakness.

💡String Theory

String Theory is a theoretical framework in which the point-like particles of particle physics are replaced by one-dimensional objects called strings. It is mentioned in the script as an attempt to address the problem of gravity's weakness by suggesting that at very small distances, the forces could be equal in magnitude. This theory is integral to the broader discussion on the nature of the universe and the fundamental forces within it.

💡Dark Matter

Dark Matter is a hypothetical form of matter that is thought to account for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe. It is invisible as it does not interact with the electromagnetic force, meaning it neither emits nor reflects light. The script discusses Dark Matter as a proposed solution to explain the observed gravitational effects that cannot be accounted for by visible matter alone, such as the unexpected speeds of galaxies.

💡General Relativity

General Relativity is a theory of gravitation developed by Albert Einstein, which describes gravity not as a force, but as a consequence of the curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy. The video script references General Relativity as it solves the problem of Mercury's orbit and changes our understanding of gravity, suggesting that it warps space-time, creating a well that other objects fall towards.

💡Speed of Light

The speed of light is a universal constant, approximately 300,000 kilometers per second in a vacuum, and is considered the maximum speed at which information or matter can travel. The script introduces a theory suggesting that in the early universe, light could have traveled at speeds much faster than its current known limit due to extremely high temperatures, challenging the special theory of relativity.

💡Inflation Theory

Inflation Theory is the most commonly accepted explanation for the Horizon problem in cosmology, which questions how the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) could be so uniform across the universe. The script describes this theory as proposing a massive, exponential expansion of the universe shortly after the Big Bang, which would carry existing light and heat, allowing for uniformity.

💡Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)

Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is the thermal radiation left over from the time of recombination in Big Bang cosmology, which is the oldest measurable light in the universe, emitted about 300,000 years after the Big Bang. The script uses CMB as evidence for the uniformity of the universe's temperature, which is a key point in discussions about the Horizon problem and Inflation Theory.

💡Extra Dimensions

Extra Dimensions refer to the concept that there may be more than the three spatial dimensions and one time dimension that we experience in everyday life. The script discusses the possibility of extra spatial dimensions as part of the 'brane cosmology' theory and mentions that experiments have been designed to test for their existence.

💡Boltzmann Brain

Boltzmann Brain is a thought experiment in cosmology that suggests it is more statistically likely for a single brain to form spontaneously in a high-entropy universe than for an entire ordered universe to form. The script uses this concept to illustrate a paradoxical outcome of certain multiverse theories, where it is statistically more likely that an individual is a Boltzmann Brain with false memories than part of the universe as we know it.

💡Hierarchy Problem

The Hierarchy Problem in physics is the question of why the strengths of the fundamental forces vary so greatly, specifically why gravity is much weaker than the other forces. The script discusses this problem in the context of the 'brane cosmology' theory, which offers a potential solution by suggesting that gravity is weak because it can 'leak' into extra dimensions.

Highlights

The concept of a fourth spatial dimension is proposed to explain the weakness of gravity compared to other forces.

String Theory suggests forces could be equal at tiny distances, but this isn't a fully satisfying answer.

Brane cosmology, or 'braneworld', proposes our universe is trapped within a membrane with additional spatial dimensions existing outside.

Gravity is weaker because it can 'leak' into extra dimensions, unlike other forces trapped within our brane.

The existence of other branes and universes is a possibility, existing in imperceptible dimensions adjacent to our own.

Experiments have been designed to test for large extra dimensions, though no conclusive results have been found.

The possibility that our understanding of gravity itself might be fundamentally flawed.

Dark Matter was proposed to explain gravitational anomalies, but its existence relies on circular reasoning due to its invisibility.

Alternatives to Dark Matter involve reevaluating our understanding of gravity, which has a history of being revised.

The speed of light may have been faster in the early universe due to extreme temperatures.

A variable speed of light challenges the special theory of relativity and could explain the uniformity of the cosmic microwave background.

The 1936 Olympic Games broadcast might have been the first human signal to escape Earth's atmosphere and potentially reach extraterrestrial civilizations.

The likelihood of extraterrestrials decoding our early broadcasts is considered, highlighting the challenge of interstellar communication.

Boltzmann brains are a theoretical concept suggesting that it's more probable for a single brain with false memories to form after the universe's heat death than the entire universe as we know it.

Advanced theories of the universe and the multiverse have given new weight to the possibility of Boltzmann brains, challenging our understanding of reality.

The Boltzmann brain hypothesis is generally dismissed as too absurd, but it raises important questions about the nature of our universe.

Transcripts

and there's a little bizarre series

about the universe some of them are

already debunked bordering on conspiracy

theories or are just downright silly

other Tsar Milly Cosmic thought

experiments they can't be proven one way

or the other and are just ideas designed

to challenge what we believe about the

universe all around us while in same

conspiracy theories and unprovable

thought experiments can be fun today

we're going to look at four theories

that may actually be true and one that

almost certainly is but we'd definitely

prefer that it totally was

foreign

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there's a fourth spatial dimension

one of the major problems in the

standard model of physics is try to

explain why the gravitational force is

so weak when compared to the three other

Natural Forces according to the theory

at the time the Big Bang all four forces

should have existed as one before

breaking off into the four forces that

we observed today but at the point when

they split they should have been

comparable in strength so why then is

gravity so weak String Theory attempted

to address this problem by positing that

at tiny enough distances the forces

could be equal in magnitude but this

isn't an ideal answer and scientists

kept on searching in 1983 the idea of

brain cosmology was introduced though

the most influential model would not be

proposed until 1999 by physicists Lisa

Randall and romance sunroom the idea of

brain cosmology also referred to as

brainworld is that there is at least a

fourth spatial Dimension and possibly

even more now we're all familiar with

the three spatial Dimensions plus the

fourth time dimension in which we exist

and that seems to be pretty

encapsulating of the entire universe so

how then could there be further spatial

Dimensions well the answer to that is

that our universe is trapped inside a

membrane hence the brain in the Theory's

name our visible Universe exists

entirely within this membrane while the

majority of what exists also referred to

as the bulk is some sort of higher

dimensional space outside of the

membrane now it may sound a little bit

far-fetched but this theory is being

seriously pursued by scientists as a

possible solution to many of the

unanswered questions about the universe

under this Theory the weak and strong

nuclear forces in the electromagnetic

force are trapped within the membrane

but the gravitational force has no such

restriction as such much of the

gravitational force leaks out into the

bulk this accounts for why it is so

comparatively weak similarly other

membranes could exist next to us which

also influence the gravitational force

there could be other universes Trapped

In Their Own own membranes only a

microscopic distance away from ours but

because they could exist in spatial

Dimensions that are completely

imperceptible to us we would have no

idea that they were even there it is

regarded as one of the more elegant

solutions for the hierarchy problem and

experiments have been designed to try

and prove the existence of large extra

Dimensions thus far these have not

yielded any results other than to

constrain what the extra Dimensions

could actually be then again because we

are trying to test for extra spatial

Dimensions that we don't actually know

how to perceive detecting evidence of

their existence may prove to be more

complicated than we realized

gravity may be wrong

okay once again we find ourselves faced

with the issue of gravity the

gravitational force was naturally the

first of the four forces that humans

discovered if you drop something it

falls down seems pretty straightforward

however of the four natural forces

gravity is the one we actually

understand the least we do have a pretty

good idea of how gravity works or at

least how we think it works despite the

hierarchy problem presented by it being

so many orders of magnitude weaker than

the other forces however we have seen

other issues related to our

understanding of gravity as well one

such problem is the speed at which

celestial bodies move we can observe

galaxies rotating much faster than they

should be able to or we could see

galaxies traveling away from us at

speeds far exceeding what should even be

possible scientists have proposed a

solution to this dilemma in the form of

Dark Matter dark matter is everywhere in

the universe accounting for roughly 85

percent of all matter it is six times

more abundant than the visible matter

that we're familiar with this dark

matter and the gravity exerted by its is

the reason we see objects moving in ways

that would otherwise be impossible to

explain however Dark Matter does not

interact with the electromagnetic force

this means it does not absorb reflect or

emit light making it completely

invisible and well that's how it got its

name the only problem is that because

it's invisible we have no proof that

dark matter actually exists the only

proof for the existence of dark matter

is the gravitational effect that it has

on other objects throughout the Universe

now so you may have noticed that it's a

bit of a logical problem there the only

proof we have the Dark Matter exists is

the gravitational effect that it has but

Dark Matter was proposed as a

theoretical solution for gravitational

effects that we couldn't otherwise

explain it somewhat circular reasoning

there which is why experiments like

those at the Large Hadron Collider hope

to provide more concrete proof for the

existence of Dark Matter however there

is another possible solution it could be

wrong notice about dark matter

but about gravity itself in fact we

already know that the current series of

gravity are wrong and this isn't the

first time that we've made that

Discovery gravity is put forth by Isaac

Newton worked great for a while he

described gravity as an attractive Force

but there were some problems for example

Mercury's orbit moved closer to the Sun

at a faster rate than Newton's equations

predicted Einstein's general relativity

solved this problem and changed our

understanding of gravity rather than

being an attractive Force Einstein saw

gravity as warping space-time around an

object thus creating a well that other

things would fall towards this new

understanding remained consistent with

everything that was expected from

Newtonian physics while also correcting

issues in the areas are Newton's

formulas didn't work unfortunately

general relativity also breaks down as

well we just aren't exactly sure where

we know that at some point within a

black hole that Einstein's theory stops

working and research is currently

working to figure out where exactly once

we know the exact point where breaks

down we may be able to figure out

exactly what was wrong until that

happens it's hard to say exactly what

the fate of gravity will be perhaps our

new understanding of the gravitational

force will still require the existence

of dark matter or perhaps we will learn

the double Leafs about gravity were just

so fundamentally flawed that dark matter

is no longer necessary to reconcile our

expectations with reality

the speed of light may once have been

faster

if you've ever taken a physics class you

undoubtedly know that the speed of light

in a vacuum is 300 000 kilometers a

second and that is the fastest that

anything in the universe can possibly

travel at colder temperatures light

moves more slowly not because the

temperature itself but because colder

temperatures make air more dense and

light travels more slowly through denser

objects but what if this worked in the

other direction as well it's hard to

imagine it being hot enough for a vacuum

to somehow become even more of a vacuum

however one Theory suggests that the

origins of the universe it was so hot

that light essentially underwent a phase

change like water turning into steam as

a result of this change light was able

to far exceed its current maximum speed

approaching effectively infinite speed

this theory was proposed as an

alternative to inflation Theory the most

commonly accepted explanation for the

Horizon problem in Cosmic microwave

background or CMB The Horizon problem is

that the temperature across the universe

is even which should definitely not be

possible likewise CMB is the oldest

measurable light in the universe having

been emitted out 300 000 years after the

big bang and the light is equivalent

everywhere the consistency of CMB shows

that the temperature across the universe

should have been the same but this

doesn't make logical sense as the

universe was so big that light and

thusly heat should not have reached all

of it the inflation theory proposes that

a fraction of a second after the big

bang the universe underwent a massive

exponential expansion outward that

lasted for only a fraction of a second

as space-time expanded exponentially the

existing light and heat was carried with

it and then propagated as normal it's an

elegant solution that answers a lot of

problems and because it only happened

once billions of years ago it's also

well completely untestable in addition

to being an untestable Theory it raises

the question of why why would this have

happened why for only such a short time

and why never again these these are

questions that we just don't have

answers for because the untestable and

difficult to rationalize nature of

inflation the alternate theory was

proposed that extremely high

temperatures allowed light to travel in

incredible speeds following the Big Bang

This would run contrary to Weinstein's

theory of special relativity but it does

hold one advantage over inflation Theory

the physicists who proposed the most

recent iteration of the theory believed

that they could actually prove it it is

believed that in the near future the

idea of a previously variable speed of

light could be tested if so this Theory

will live or die by the result of those

experiments it's impossible to predict

what the results would be but if testing

were to confirm this Theory it would

require rethinking much of what we

believe we know about physics

Adolf Hitler could make first contact

with extraterrestrials

we're not proposing that Hitler at the

age of 133 is alive and well in South

America and will soon be launching

himself into space to make first contact

with an alien civilization though such a

conspiracy theory probably does exist

because of course it does instead we're

going to be looking at an idea first

presented by Carl Sagan in his 1985

novel contact which was later adapted

into a 1997 film starring Jodie Foster

Humanity has been broadcasting messages

into space for decades though much of it

wasn't intentional most signals that

were transmitted over the airwaves were

either at too lower frequency or too low

power to escape Earth's ionosphere

however as Sagan put forth the First

Signal broadcast that was powerful

enough to escape Earth's atmosphere and

travel into outer space was the opening

ceremony of the 1936 Olympic Games in

Berlin this could make Hitler's opening

speech at the Olympics and alien

civilizations first encounter with

humans though contact was a fiction

novel it was based in hard science many

scientists dispute the claim that this

will be the first transmission received

by extra Industrials but they do admit

that yeah

it is actually possible although the

signal was relatively weak compared to

messages that have been beamed into

space with more clear intent it could

easily travel hundreds if not thousands

of light years into space though

scientists believe that because of the

low intensity of the signal it is likely

to be missed they state that aliens

would need to be listening to the void

of space extremely intently in order to

find the signal while that is true

there's no reason to believe that they

wouldn't be doing exactly that after all

we certainly are the bigger obstacle

would be that whatever civilization were

to encounter this broadcast may have no

way to decode it they would certainly

recognize it as a technological

broadcast of some kind instead of

something naturally occurring but that

doesn't mean it would be able to

separate the audio and the visual

information from the signal and

reproduce the video that was being

broadcast around Earth it's

understandable that scientists would

want to try and debunk this Theory as

best as possible given the rather

non-controversial statement that Hitler

was a bad dude however there is no

denying that the Olympic broadcast was

almost certainly the first man-made

signal powerful enough to break through

the ionosphere and that if aliens are

looking hard enough they could find it

you are a boltzmann brain that's the

heat death of the universe in 1896

Austrian physicist Ludwig boltzmann

first published a theory that tried to

account for why the universe wasn't as

chaotic as thermodynamics seemed to

predict that it should be thermodynamics

was a relatively new field at the time

and one of the main principles of

thermodynamics is that the Universe

tries to maximize entropy or disorder

the universe is over 13 billion years

old which means that it had a long time

to spiral into chaos so why then is

everything in the universe so organized

why does it follow these rigid and

precise rules well the field of quantum

physics didn't exist yet and the

seemingly random nature of quantum

particles had yet to be observed so this

was a pretty logical question to ask it

is paper boltzmann presented our

hypothesis the hypothesis was that even

after the universe had reached maximum

entropy also known as the heat death of

the universe that it would randomly

undergo fluctuations to a more ordered

State possibly creating something like

the universe that we see today other

cosmologist didn't believe this was

likely and the boltzmann brain was

proposed as a reductio and absurdum

argument against the theory the idea is

that smaller fluctuations are more

likely than large ones as such it is

more likely that the random fluctuations

formed a single human brain full of

false memories than it is to have formed

the entirety of our observable universe

it sounds like a silly idea because it

was intended to be like Schrodinger's

cat it was meant to be a ridiculous

argument for a century it remained a

ridiculous argument meant to disprove

Boltzmann's Theory however in 2002

something changed there's theories about

the universe and a possible Multiverse

became more advanced and better

understood the maths showed something

startling statistically speaking you are

far more likely to be a boltzmann brain

that randomly formed eons after the heat

death of the universe and was filled

with false memories including a belief

that you existed a point when the

universe was much younger obviously this

was never the goal nobody is trying to

prove that boltzmann brains exist

they're trying to prove that they don't

many scientists are able to Simply

disregard the idea as being far too

silly to be worth consideration but for

others it's a serious problem in most

theories of the universe it's less

likely that the Universe actually exists

as we believe it does and it's more

likely that everyone who believes

they're watching this video right now is

boltzmann brain that randomly formed

with false memories of having watched

this video fortunately even those that

view this as a problem with current

theories don't believe it's the reality

in which we're all living we just hope

that someday that maths is uh going to

agree with them

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