Materi PPKn : Lembaga-Lembaga Negara Menurut UUD 1945 NRI

Summary

In this educational video, the concept of state institutions in Indonesia is discussed, focusing on their roles and structure as outlined in the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945). The video explains the seven key state institutions, both before and after the constitutional amendments. It highlights the changes in their hierarchy and the distinction between central and regional institutions. The video also introduces the concepts of suprastruktur and infrastruktur, demonstrating how societal organizations like political parties can transition into state institutions through elections. Aimed at 10th-grade students, this video is part of the Civics Education curriculum.

Takeaways

• 😀 State institutions in Indonesia are bodies or organizations formed based on the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945).
• 😀 There are seven main state institutions in Indonesia: President, Vice President, DPR, DPD, MPR, MK, and BPK.
• 😀 Before the amendments, the MPR held the highest rank among all state institutions in Indonesia.
• 😀 After the amendments, there is no longer a highest-ranking institution; all state institutions are now on an equal level.
• 😀 The concept of suprastructure refers to political institutions created by the 1945 Constitution, such as MPR, DPR, and DPD.
• 😀 Political infrastructure refers to institutions formed by the people, such as political parties (parpol) and mass organizations (ormas).
• 😀 Political parties (parpol) and mass organizations (ormas) can transition into suprastructure institutions by winning elections.
• 😀 Suprastructure includes national institutions, while infrastructure involves local-level political organizations.
• 😀 The role of the Constitutional Court (MK) and the Judicial Commission (KY) became prominent after the amendments.
• 😀 Understanding the differences between suprastructure and infrastructure is crucial to understanding Indonesia's political system.

Q & A

What are state institutions (lembaga negara) in Indonesia, according to the UUD 1945?

State institutions in Indonesia are bodies or organizations established by the Constitution (UUD 1945). The seven state institutions as per the UUD 1945 include: The President and Vice President, DPR (People's Representative Council), DPD (Regional Representative Council), MPR (People's Consultative Assembly), MK (Constitutional Court), KY (Judicial Commission), and BPK (State Audit Board).

How does the structure of state institutions in Indonesia differ before and after the amendments to the UUD 1945?

Before the amendments, the MPR was the highest institution, with five other institutions (DPR, President, BPK, DPA, and MA) having equal status. After the amendments, no institution holds a 'highest' status, and all state institutions are considered equal in rank.

What is the significance of the MPR in Indonesia's pre-amendment system of state institutions?

Before the amendments, the MPR (People's Consultative Assembly) held the highest status among state institutions. It was the central institution, with all other state institutions like the President, DPR, BPK, DPA, and MA being on an equal footing below it.

What changes occurred in the state institution structure in Indonesia after the constitutional amendments?

After the amendments, the structure of state institutions was revised so that no institution was considered the highest. Instead, all state institutions, including the President, DPR, DPD, MK, KY, and BPK, were granted equal status.

What is the difference between 'suprastruktur' and 'infrastruktur' in Indonesian politics?

In Indonesian politics, 'suprastruktur' refers to the political institutions formed by the Constitution (UUD 1945), such as the MPR, DPR, and DPD. 'Infrastruktur,' on the other hand, refers to political organizations created by society, such as political parties (parpol), community organizations (ormas), and non-governmental organizations (LSM).

Can political organizations ('infrastruktur') become part of the 'suprastruktur' in Indonesia, and if so, how?

Yes, political organizations ('infrastruktur'), such as political parties, can become part of the 'suprastruktur' by winning elections. For example, a political party that wins seats in the DPR can transition from an 'infrastruktur' to a 'suprastruktur' institution.

What is the role of the election process in transitioning from 'infrastruktur' to 'suprastruktur' in Indonesia?

The election process allows political parties and organizations (infrastruktur) to gain official positions within the suprastruktur. For instance, if a political party wins in the legislative elections, its members can hold positions in the DPR, which is part of the suprastruktur.

What are some examples of institutions at the central level in Indonesia?

At the central level, the key institutions include the President, DPR (People's Representative Council), DPD (Regional Representative Council), BPK (State Audit Board), the Constitutional Court (MK), and the Judicial Commission (KY).

What institutions operate at the regional (local) level in Indonesia, according to the video?

At the regional level, the institutions include various judicial bodies such as the general courts, religious courts, military courts, and administrative courts. These institutions are spread across provincial and district levels.

Why is the distinction between suprastruktur and infrastruktur important in understanding Indonesian political institutions?

The distinction helps clarify the roles of institutions formed by the Constitution ('suprastruktur') versus those formed by society ('infrastruktur'). Understanding this distinction is crucial for understanding how political power and representation work in Indonesia, as well as how political organizations can influence or enter governmental roles.