Praktikum | Pascapanen Tanaman Hias | November 2023

Summary

This video provides a detailed overview of the post-harvest handling processes for various ornamental flowers such as sunflowers, chrysanthemums, peacock flowers, orchids, and others. It covers key stages like proper harvesting techniques, disease management, post-harvest care, packaging, and storage methods to maintain flower freshness and quality. The video includes interviews with flower growers, highlighting the challenges they face, such as pests, mold, and wilting. The information is shared through visits to various flower shops and farms, offering valuable insights into the flower trade and effective post-harvest practices to extend the lifespan of cut flowers for sale.

Takeaways

• 😀 The harvest time for sunflower flowers is at 6 months of age when the petals start to wilt, and the plant droops.
• 😀 Sunflower post-harvest management involves drying the flowers, maintaining air quality, and packaging in 5 kg plastic bags for distribution.
• 😀 Chrysanthemum flowers, once harvested, can last up to 5 days if humidity is controlled and they are stored in water.
• 😀 The appropriate harvest time for chrysanthemums is when they are about 75 days old and have started blooming.
• 😀 For chrysanthemum post-harvest, packaging is done in newspaper or paper, and damaged flowers due to pests like caterpillars need to be sorted out.
• 😀 Peony flowers are harvested when fully bloomed at about 3.5 months, with plants being pruned to 50 cm in height for better quality.
• 😀 After peony flowers are harvested, they are packaged in plastic or paper for shipping, and can be kept fresh up to 7 days with special water infusion techniques.
• 😀 Orchid flowers take 6 months to 5 years to mature, with harvest determined by market demand, and post-harvest care includes proper storage and minimal sun exposure.
• 😀 Post-harvest orchid management involves transplanting, using organic fertilizers, and ensuring the plant is kept in a cool area to prevent sun damage.
• 😀 Lilies are harvested after 4 months when the flowers are fully bloomed, and they need careful pest control, such as using insecticides and fungicides for protection.

Q & A

What is the purpose of the survey mentioned in the script?

The purpose of the survey is to understand the post-harvest handling and the processes involved in the harvesting of various ornamental flowers like sunflowers, chrysanthemums, orchids, and others.

At what stage are sunflowers considered ready for harvest, according to the script?

Sunflowers are ready for harvest when they are 6 months old, and their characteristics include wilting yellow petals, drooping stems, and dry, pale leaves.

What is one of the key issues during the post-harvest process of sunflowers?

One of the key issues is the occurrence of flower rot, which can be mitigated by maintaining air quality to avoid excessive humidity and by promptly drying the harvested sunflowers.

What is the recommended storage method for sunflowers after harvest?

Sunflowers can be stored in a container filled with water, or for bouquets, cotton can be placed at the bottom of the stem to prevent the flowers from wilting quickly.

What is the ideal time to harvest chrysanthemums, and what is the characteristic of the flower at that stage?

Chrysanthemums should be harvested at around 75 days after planting when the flower begins to bloom. A key characteristic is that the flowers are in full bloom but not yet too open.

What technique is used for harvesting chrysanthemums?

Chrysanthemums are harvested by pulling the plants from the ground along with their roots, ensuring that the cuttings can be used for flower arrangements.

What type of packaging is used for chrysanthemums to maintain freshness during post-harvest?

Chrysanthemums are packaged using newspaper or plastic wraps to maintain their freshness, and they are stored in water to preserve their moisture until they are sold.

What are the common pests and diseases affecting chrysanthemums, and how are they managed?

Chrysanthemums are commonly affected by pests like caterpillars and plant hoppers. These can be controlled by applying insecticides and ensuring the flowers are free from physical damage.

How is the post-harvest process of orchids described, and what challenges are mentioned?

The post-harvest process of orchids involves re-potting the plants and ensuring they are kept in a cool place for several days before fertilizer is applied. One challenge mentioned is the occurrence of fungal infections, like black spots on leaves, which can be mitigated through drying and applying organic liquid fertilizers.

How are the post-harvest orchids packaged for shipping, and what is the main goal during this process?

Orchids are packaged in cardboard boxes according to their size, and the main goal is to minimize damage during transit by reducing exposure to direct sunlight and maintaining humidity.