5 Tujuan Syariat Islam || Ust. Ahmad Firmansyah, MA

Summary

In this religious sermon, the speaker explains the five core objectives (maqasid) of Islamic law, which are designed to protect key aspects of human life and society. These include the protection of religion (Hifdzun Din), life (Hifdzun Nafs), property (Hifdzul Mal), lineage (Hifdzul Nasl), and intellect (Hifdzul Aql). The speaker highlights the importance of these principles, discussing Islamic teachings on jihad to preserve faith, laws against murder, theft, adultery, and the prohibition of intoxicants, all of which are essential for maintaining a just and harmonious society under Islamic law.

Takeaways

• 😀 Islam has a system called 'maqosid syariah,' which refers to the goals and purposes of Islamic law.
• 😀 One of the core objectives of Islamic law is to protect and preserve religion, which is why jihad is mandated.
• 😀 The second goal of Islamic law is to protect life (hifdzun nafs), which is why there are laws against murder and harm.
• 😀 A third objective is to protect property (hifdzun mal), which includes the punishment for theft (amputation of hands).
• 😀 The fourth goal is to preserve lineage and family, which is why zina (adultery) is strictly prohibited and punishable.
• 😀 For unmarried individuals committing zina, the punishment is flogging; for married individuals, the punishment is stoning to death.
• 😀 The fifth goal of Islamic law is to protect the intellect (hifdzul 'aql), which is why substances like alcohol (khamr) and drugs are prohibited.
• 😀 Islamic law aims to prevent the degradation of the mind and body by prohibiting intoxicants, whether alcohol or narcotics.
• 😀 These objectives (maqosid syariah) help guide Muslims in upholding a just and moral society.
• 😀 The ultimate purpose of Islamic law is to create a balanced, moral society that prioritizes faith, life, family, property, and intellect.

Q & A

What is 'maqasid syariah' in Islamic law?

Maqasid syariah refers to the objectives or purposes of Islamic law. These are principles designed to protect the essential aspects of human life, including religion, life, wealth, lineage, and intellect.

Why is the protection of religion (Hifdzun Din) a primary goal in Islamic law?

The protection of religion is considered crucial because Islam believes that faith is the foundation of human existence. Jihad, or struggle, is required to defend and preserve the religion.

What does the term 'Hifdzun Nafs' refer to in Islamic jurisprudence?

Hifdzun Nafs refers to the protection of life. Islamic law considers the preservation of human life a fundamental principle, and it mandates strict penalties for murder to safeguard this right.

What is the punishment for murder according to Islamic law?

The punishment for murder in Islamic law is severe, and while the exact consequences can vary depending on the situation, it typically involves a strong legal penalty, potentially including capital punishment or retaliation as prescribed by the law.

Why is the protection of wealth (Hifdzun Mal) important in Islam?

The protection of wealth is essential because Islam stresses the importance of individual and communal financial security. Theft is prohibited, and the punishment for stealing is the cutting off of the thief’s hand, aiming to deter such crimes.

How does Islamic law address theft?

Islamic law mandates the punishment of cutting off the hand of someone convicted of theft, symbolizing the seriousness of the crime and the importance of protecting property.

What is the significance of protecting lineage (Hifdzun Nasab) in Islam?

The protection of lineage is essential for preserving family structure and social order. Islamic law prohibits zina (fornication), with severe punishments, including stoning for married offenders and whipping for unmarried ones.

What are the legal consequences of committing zina in Islam?

In Islamic law, zina is a serious crime. An unmarried person who commits zina is punished with whipping, while a married person faces stoning to death. This is done to protect lineage and maintain societal norms.

What does 'Hifdzun Aql' mean in the context of Islamic law?

Hifdzun Aql refers to the protection of intellect. Islamic law forbids the consumption of intoxicants, such as alcohol and narcotics, because they impair reasoning and judgment, which are crucial for living a moral and responsible life.

Why are intoxicants prohibited in Islam?

Intoxicants, including alcohol and narcotics, are prohibited in Islam because they damage the intellect (Hifdzun Aql), impairing the ability to make sound decisions and leading to moral and social harm.