中国の農民工の実態がわかる『このように働いて30年』が放送禁止となる
Summary
TLDRThe video follows three migrant workers in their 50s and 60s who gather daily at a busy intersection in Hebei province, competing with 1,000 others for short-term manual labor jobs paying less than $60 per day. Despite working for decades in cities, they lost value in China's market economy and now struggle to afford basic needs like health insurance. Many avoid long-term jobs due to rampant wage theft, instead opting for risky day labor where they're paid nightly, but earn less than $6 for a day's work with no guarantees.
Takeaways
- 😢 The video highlights the difficult lives of China's migrant workers who struggle to find daily labor jobs and get paid
- 🎥 It was filmed at a busy intersection where migrant workers gather every morning to find work
- 🕑 The workers arrive around 4am and wait all day, but many still cannot find jobs paying even $55 a day
- 🧓 Most are first generation migrants, now in their 50s-60s, who moved to cities 30+ years ago
- 💸 Their most profitable years coincided with China's boom, but they didn't benefit much
- 🤝 They take risky daily jobs to get paid the same day, avoiding unpaid wages
- 😠 Unpaid wages are a huge problem as officials don't care about migrant rights
- 🏢 Protests by unpaid workers are common but suppressed by authorities
- 😞 Daily pay has dropped below $5 for many, but even that is not guaranteed
- 🤐 The documentary brought sympathy, then was quickly censored by authorities
Q & A
Why can't these migrant workers find long-term jobs and have to look for short-term work at the dangerous intersection?
-The main reason is that they have lost their market value in China and belong to a discarded group. They are the first generation of migrant workers who came to cities in the 1980s-1990s, and many have worked for over 30 years. But the benefits of rapid urban development in their prime years did not benefit them much.
What are some other reasons the migrant workers prefer short-term jobs?
-In addition to being marginalized, some also worry about not getting paid on longer jobs. Random interviews showed many had experience not getting paid wages owed by companies previously.
How much can these migrant workers earn per day now?
-According to the documentary and media reports, migrant workers doing basic jobs now earn about 375 yuan ($55) or less per day on average.
Is it easy for them to find work every day?
-No, there is no guarantee of finding daily work even at extremely low wages. In the video, the 49-year old carpenter says he will do any job if work is available.
What happened when the carpenter thought he found a job?
-He and another worker got in a taxi paid for by the employer to go to the job site, but the employer called to say he found someone else so the carpenter was no longer needed. Unable to pay the taxi fare, the carpenter had to apologize and get out.
What commentary does this video and report provide on labor conditions in China?
-It shows the very difficult life endured by the lowest classes of workers in Chinese society, especially early generation migrant workers now discarded. The video gained much sympathy and discussion online before being deleted by authorities.
Why do you think this video and related discussions were deleted in China?
-The Chinese Communist Party does not want widespread circulation of imagery that makes visible the difficult plight of common workers, especially marginalized ones. It prefers portraying society as harmonious.
What message does the multi-decade experience of these workers send about conditions in China?
-Their long years show that under CCP rule, common people are essentially livestock - they benefit a little in good times when the economy grows, but suffer more in bad times when it contracts.
What recourse do these migrant workers have against problems like wage theft?
-Very little. The government has neither the capacity nor intention to address issues faced by the lowest classes of workers. As the economy declines, problems like wage theft can become more severe.
Why do you think authorities also deleted the First Finance and Economics News article even though it obeyed censorship?
-Apparently any widespread coverage bringing visibility to the problems faced specifically by discarded migrant workers is seen as too controversial now. The CCP prefers directing public attention only toward more optimistic portrayals.
Outlines
😞 First-generation migrant workers struggle to find work
Paragraph 1 introduces 3 migrant workers, including a 49-year woman, who gather at a busy intersection in Heifei, China everyday at 4am to look for temporary work. Thousands gather daily for these short-term jobs that pay very little, around $6 USD per day, because they belong to a marginalized group that has lost market value and been eliminated from the workforce.
😤 Wage theft leaves workers vulnerable
Paragraph 2 explains that many migrant workers choose daily temporary jobs to avoid the risk of wage theft, a common problem where employers fail to pay wages owed. With China's slowing economy, this issue is becoming more severe, yet migrant workers have little recourse and the government does little to help.
🙁 Vast wealth gap despite China's growth
Paragraph 3 reflects that over 30 years of economic growth in China under Communist rule, ordinary people like migrant workers gain little benefit. When the economy flourishes they earn slightly more, and when it declines they earn less, while vast wealth flows to the top.
Mindmap
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Keywords
💡農民労働者
💡日雇い
💡賃金未払い
💡低賃金
💡淘汰
💡都市部
💡労働者
💡警察
💡削除
💡共産党
Highlights
The study finds evidence that astrocytes play a key role in memory and learning.
Researchers used a novel technique called optogenetics to precisely control astrocyte activity in mice.
Inhibiting astrocyte activity in the hippocampus impaired the ability to form new spatial memories.
Enhancing astrocyte activity led to faster learning and better memory recall.
The findings demonstrate the importance of astrocyte-neuron interactions for cognitive function.
More research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms behind astrocyte involvement in memory.
The optogenetic techniques used here enable unmatched precision in controlling cell activity.
This approach could be applied to study other brain functions and cell types.
The hippocampal memory deficits were replicated pharmacologically, strengthening the conclusions.
The authors propose potential clinical applications for modulating astrocyte activity.
Targeting astrocytes may lead to novel treatments for memory disorders like Alzheimer's.
More interdisciplinary collaboration is encouraged to build on these innovative findings.
The study provides a significant advance in understanding the neurobiology of memory.
The results challenge the view that neurons alone drive cognition.
Astrocytes emerge as promising new targets for cognitive enhancement therapies.
Transcripts
大2024年1月日
のー対するドキュメンタリー動画が掲載さ
れましたサブタイトルは合否士の農民労働
者の生活実力午前4時から仕事を待っても
380元およそ7600の医療保険料さえ
払えない人もいるですこの動画は中国安記
省合否士で撮影されました同士には出稼ぎ
労働者と業者が集まりその日の仕事の契約
を結ぶ主要な寄せ場が3つあり撮影された
場所は賑やかな交差点
ですこの場所には他県から来た農民労働者
が仕事を探しに午前中だけでおよそ
1000人が集まり
ます動画は主に3人の農民労働者農民校の
現状を紹介しており1人は父さんという
女性で他の2人は都市で10年以上働く王
さんと大工と33年間この町で働くワン
さん
です
不
來來來
老婆
了
[音楽]
那
[音楽]
看
叫
電話
是是
叫
不定
的
叫100
200
上
個
還沒
380
是真
還沒
現在
[音楽]
なぜこれらの農民労働者は長期の仕事に
つかずこの危険な交差点で短期の仕事を
探すのでしょうか最大の理由は彼らは中国
での市場価値を失っており淘汰された
グループに属しているから
です彼らは1970年代以前に生まれ80
年代から90年代にかけて都市部に出稼ぎ
に来た農民労働者の第1世代であり多くの
人が30年以上働いてい
ます彼らが最も稼ぐことができた若年期は
ちょうど中国の都市が最も急速に発展した
30年と重なり
ますしかし時代の恩恵は彼らにあまり利益
をもたらすことはなく今は見捨てられた
世代となってしまいまし
た中国メディアによるとこのような農民
労働者は8600人以上もいます彼らが
短期の仕事を求めるもう1つの理由として
ドキュメンタリーでは触れていませんが
中国の経済情報メディアの第一財形は給与
の未払いを心配しているからだとその理由
について言及しまし
た記者が行ったランダムなインタビューで
は仕事を探している多くの農民校は以前
会社から給与を支払ってもらえなかった
経験があることが分かりまし
た彼らはこのような日雇い労働市場で仕事
をすることで毎日仕事を得た後に賃金を
受け取ることができ給与未払いのリスクを
回避しているの
です中国の農民労働者は社会的地位が最も
低い労働ありこの与の未払い問題は政府に
解決する能力も意思もないことを意味し
現在経済が不興に向かう中この問題はより
深刻になってい
ますここは中国東部の発展した都市です
建設会社が労働者の賃金を滞納している
ため労働者たちは現場で給与の支払いを
求めていますしかし地元警察は労働者を
助けるどころか労働者が騒動を起こさない
ようにと労働者の後をついて回ってい
ます製造業が盛んな関東省では新年が
近づくにつれ給与を求める人々があちこち
で見られるようになりました彼らの中には
建物の屋上のヘリに座り給与を求めて
飛び降りる覚悟を見せるものもい
[拍手]
ます日雇い労働は即日給与が支払われると
言いますがこの最大の問題は賃金が非常に
安く仕事の保証がないことです
ドキュメンタリー動画や第一財形の報道に
よれば現在冷静な仕事に従事する農民労働
者の1日の給与はすでに大幅に削減され
日給はおよそ
3750以下ですしかしこのような低賃金
でも仕事につつけるとは限りません動画で
は49歳の大工さんは大工の仕事だけでは
なく仕事があれば何でもすると言ってい
ます
[音楽]
把のタクシーは業者が支払うことになり
ました大工さんはもう1人の農民と一緒に
タクシーに乗り込みましたがほなくして
採用者から電話が入り雇用主がすでに他の
人を見つけたためもう必要ないと告げられ
ましたタクシー代が支払えない大工さんは
仕方なくタクシーの運転手に謝りタクシー
を降りるしかありませ
ん
[音楽]
午後4時になると仕事が得られなかった
人々は去っていきました父さんは1日1日
を働ければよく1日1日を生きるという
日々だと言い
ます3人のうち幸運だったのは王さんで彼
はその日の仕事を見つけました夜7時仕事
を終た王さんは家路に向かい
ます中国の仮想労働者の生活状況に焦点を
当てたこのドキュメンタリーは中国の
ネットユーザーに広く共感と議論を
呼び起こしまし
たしかし公開された翌日の1月9日動画は
削除され
中国のQ&Aプラットフォームのフなどの
関連する議論も全て削除されまし
た1月10日第1財形は夜明け前に路上で
仕事を待つ農民労働者と題する記事を掲載
しましたこの報道は別の省での農民校の
生活を記録したもので再仮想の農民労働者
の実情を伝え続けまし
たしかし1月11日になると第一財形の
この農民校に関する報道も削除されまし
た中国の第1世代の農民労働者の30年
以上にわたる経験から分かるように中国
共産党の大成下では一般庶民は本質的に
刈り取られるニのようであり経済が良い時
はニは太くなり経済が悪くなれればニは
細くなるだけでりもは止まらないよう
[音楽]
です
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