Canada's Treaty No.3

Summary

Treaty Number Three, signed in 1873 between the Dominion of Canada and the Anishinabe people, established peace and friendship while recognizing Indigenous rights. It defined the Manitoba-Ontario border and ensured the Anishinabe's continued access to their traditional lands, granting them rights to hunt, fish, and trap. The treaty also stipulated an annual cash annuity and commitments from the Crown for education and medical assistance. This agreement underscores the importance of mutual respect and understanding regarding Indigenous rights and Canada's responsibilities towards Indigenous nations.

Takeaways

• 📜 Treaty Number Three was signed in 1873 between the Dominion of Canada and the Anishinabe people.
• 🌍 It is the third of 11 numbered treaties established between Canada and Indigenous nations.
• 🗺️ The treaty defined the current Manitoba-Ontario border, extending from the mouth of the Winnipeg River to the Canada-U.S. border.
• 🤝 The purpose of the treaty was to ensure peace and friendship between the Anishinabe and British Crown's settlers.
• 🏞️ The treaty guarantees the Anishinabe people's continued access to their traditional lands.
• 💵 Canada agreed to pay the Anishinabe an annual cash annuity of $5 per person for 10 years.
• 🔄 The Anishinabe agreed to share their land with settlers and adhere to Canadian laws.
• 📚 The treaty includes provisions for establishing schools for the Anishinabe people.
• 🏥 Medical assistance for the Anishinabe people was also a commitment made by Canada.
• 🌱 Treaty Number Three serves as a reminder of the importance of mutual respect and understanding of Indigenous rights.

Q & A

What is Treaty Number Three?

Treaty Number Three is an agreement signed in 1873 between the Dominion of Canada and the Anishinabe people of the Lake of the Woods region.

How many numbered treaties were signed between Canada and Indigenous nations?

Treaty Number Three is the third of eleven numbered treaties signed between Canada and Indigenous nations.

What was the primary purpose of Treaty Number Three?

The primary purpose of Treaty Number Three was to ensure peace and friendship between the Anishinabe people and the British Crown's settlers in Canada.

What geographical area does Treaty Number Three cover?

The treaty established the current Manitoba-Ontario border, which runs from the mouth of the Winnipeg River in the north to the Canada-U.S. border in the south.

What rights were guaranteed to the Anishinabe people under Treaty Number Three?

The treaty guaranteed the Anishinabe people's rights to hunt, fish, and trap on their traditional lands.

What financial compensation was provided to the Anishinabe people?

The Anishinabe people were to receive an annual cash annuity of five dollars per person for ten years.

What responsibilities did the Anishinabe people agree to under the treaty?

The Anishinabe people agreed to share their land with settlers and abide by the laws of Canada.

What commitments did the Crown make to the Anishinabe people?

The Crown committed to establishing schools and providing medical assistance for the Anishinabe people.

Why is the Manitoba-Ontario border significant in the context of Treaty Number Three?

The Manitoba-Ontario border is significant as it symbolizes Canada's commitment to recognizing Indigenous rights and honoring the relationship between the Anishinabe people and the land.

What broader message does Treaty Number Three convey about Indigenous rights?

Treaty Number Three emphasizes the need for mutual respect and understanding of Indigenous rights and the responsibilities of Canada toward Indigenous peoples.