Pelestarian flora fauna || Materi Geografi kelas 11 tentang flora fauna

Summary

This informative discussion emphasizes the critical importance of conserving Indonesia's rich biodiversity, highlighting the alarming number of endangered species. It explores the main causes of species decline, including deforestation and illegal poaching, while outlining the goals of conservation efforts. Two primary conservation methods are discussed: in-situ, which preserves species in their natural habitats through national parks and reserves, and ex-situ, which protects species outside their habitats in places like botanical gardens and safari parks. The session underlines the shared responsibility of Indonesians in preserving their natural heritage for future generations.

Takeaways

• 🌍 Conservation of flora and fauna is crucial for maintaining biodiversity, especially in regions like ASEAN, where many species are endangered.
• 📉 Indonesia ranks fourth in the world for the number of threatened species, indicating a significant conservation challenge.
• 🦏 Over the last century, many species have gone extinct, and the rate of extinction continues to rise due to various factors.
• 🔍 Natural selection is one factor contributing to species extinction, but human activities such as deforestation and poaching are major threats.
• 🌲 Deforestation occurs through illegal logging and land conversion for agriculture, which leads to habitat loss for many species.
• 🔥 Both intentional and accidental forest fires can contribute to the decline of flora and fauna populations.
• 🔬 Conservation involves active management of biospheres to protect both current ecosystems and future generations.
• 🌱 The goals of conservation include maintaining ecological processes, preserving genetic diversity, and ensuring sustainable use of resources.
• 🏞️ There are two main conservation methods: in-situ (in their natural habitat) and ex-situ (outside their natural habitat) conservation.
• 🌳 Examples of in-situ conservation include national parks and wildlife reserves, while ex-situ methods involve creating environments similar to natural habitats, like zoos and botanical gardens.

Q & A

Why is the conservation of flora and fauna important?

Conservation is crucial because many species of flora and fauna are endangered, particularly in Indonesia, which ranks high in the number of threatened species globally. Protecting biodiversity helps maintain ecological balance.

What are the main factors leading to the extinction of flora and fauna?

The main factors include natural selection, deforestation due to illegal logging, habitat conversion for agriculture and settlements, poaching, and forest fires, both intentional and accidental.

What is the purpose of flora and fauna conservation?

The purpose is to manage the biosphere actively, ensuring ecological processes continue, preserving genetic diversity, and ensuring sustainable use of biological resources for current and future generations.

What are the two main methods of conservation mentioned?

The two main methods are in-situ conservation, which occurs in the natural habitat of the species, and ex-situ conservation, which takes place outside the natural habitat.

Can you give examples of in-situ conservation methods?

Examples of in-situ conservation methods include the establishment of nature reserves, national parks, protected forests, and wildlife sanctuaries.

What is an example of ex-situ conservation?

Ex-situ conservation examples include creating botanical gardens, zoos, and wildlife parks that mimic the species' natural habitat.

What role do national parks play in conservation efforts?

National parks serve multiple purposes, including research, cultural education, tourism, and recreation, while protecting diverse ecosystems.

What are some specific conservation areas in Indonesia?

Notable conservation areas in Indonesia include Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Bunaken Marine National Park, and various nature reserves like Pulau Bokor and the Arfak Mountains.

What are some endangered species protected by Indonesian law?

Endangered species protected by Indonesian law include the Sumatran tiger, orangutans, Komodo dragons, and several species of birds like the Cendrawasih.

What is the responsibility of Indonesian citizens regarding conservation?

Indonesian citizens have a responsibility to protect and conserve flora and fauna to ensure these resources are available for future generations.