New touch-based language by DeafBlind people: Protactile

The Christian Science Monitor
15 Jan 202005:10

Summary

TLDRProtactile(PT)是一种全新的语言,完全基于触觉,旨在改变成千上万视障听障人士的生活。自2007年在视障听障社区出现以来,PT仍在不断进化和传播。Jaimi Lard,一位在Perkins盲人学校担任多样性讲师的视障听障人士,与她的听力和视力翻译Christine Dwyer一起,将PT元素融入了他们的沟通方式。尽管美国手语(ASL)是视障听障人士沟通的一种方式,但它是为有视力的聋人设计的,许多手势在视觉上有意义,但在触觉上却难以理解。PT的出现,让视障听障人士能够更主动地沟通,通过使用接收者的身体作为沟通媒介,提高了他们的安全和自主性。PT的关键创新之一是双向沟通渠道,允许接收者实时传递反应和情感,而不会打断说话者,这种机制被称为“后通道”。Jaimi和Christine是成千上万接触PT的人之一,随着这种年轻语言的成长,它正在发展出新的表达方式,这些表达方式根植于视障听障人士的经验,是任何其他语言中都不存在的新沟通和联系的前沿。

Takeaways

  • 🌟 Protactile(PT)是一种全新的语言,完全基于触觉,可能改变成千上万视障听障人士的生活。
  • 🌐 PT自2007年在视障听障社区中出现,至今仍在不断发展和传播。
  • 🤝 Jaimi Lard和她的视觉与听觉翻译员Christine Dwyer在沟通中融入了PT的元素。
  • 📣 通过触觉交流,Jaimi Lard能够被更多地包含在对话中,这增强了她的自主性和独立性。
  • 👥 Jaimi作为多样性演说家在Perkins盲人学校工作,她的成长过程中学习了美国手语(ASL)。
  • 👀 ASL是一种视觉语言,设计给有视觉的听障人士使用,很多手势在触摸时难以理解。
  • 🚀 PT使用接收者的身体作为交流媒介,与ASL的视觉描述不同,它通过触觉传递信息。
  • 🔄 PT的关键创新之一是其双向沟通渠道,允许接收者实时传递反应和情感,而不打断说话者。
  • 🤲 通过持续的触摸,Jaimi感到对方关心对话和她本人,这增强了信任和清晰度。
  • 📚 PT作为一种年轻的语言,正在发展新的表达方式,这些表达方式根植于视障听障人士的体验,是其他语言中不存在的。
  • 📈 PT正在被越来越多的人了解和学习,它被视为沟通和连接的新领域。
  • 📝 Jaimi表达了她希望接受更多PT培训的愿望,她正在学习但希望更深入地掌握。

Q & A

  • 什么是Protactile语言?

    -Protactile,简称PT,是一种完全基于触觉的新语言,它在2007年在聋盲社区中出现,并且仍在不断发展和传播。

  • Jaimi Lard是如何与她的口译员Christine Dwyer沟通的?

    -Jaimi Lard和她的视觉和听觉口译员Christine Dwyer通过结合使用Protactile(PT)语言的元素进行沟通。

  • 为什么Jaimi Lard需要改变与Christine Dwyer的沟通方式?

    -Jaimi Lard和Christine Dwyer改变沟通方式是为了能够通过触觉被包括在更多的交流中,这对于聋盲人的包容性非常重要。

  • Jaimi Lard是如何在工作中使用Protactile语言的?

    -Jaimi Lard作为一名多样性演讲者在Perkins盲人学校工作,她在工作中使用美国手语(ASL)和Protactile语言来沟通。

  • 为什么传统的美国手语(ASL)对于聋盲人来说存在问题?

    -美国手语(ASL)是一种视觉语言,它为有视觉的聋人设计,通过视觉来理解。许多在视觉上有意义的手势在触摸时可能没有意义,这可能导致聋盲人误解沟通内容。

  • Protactile语言如何帮助聋盲人提高自主性和独立性?

    -Protactile语言通过使用触觉作为沟通媒介,允许聋盲人更清晰地理解周围环境,这对于他们的安全和自主性至关重要。

  • Protactile语言与美国手语(ASL)的主要区别是什么?

    -Protactile语言不是为视觉设计的,它使用接收者的整个身体作为沟通媒介,并且允许接收者在不打断说话者的情况下实时传递反应和情感,这被称为'backchanneling'。

  • 为什么双向沟通渠道在Protactile语言中如此重要?

    -双向沟通渠道允许接收者实时传递反应和情感,这种互动对于建立连接和参与感至关重要,有助于维持对话的连续性和互动性。

  • Jaimi Lard对于Protactile语言有哪些个人感受?

    -Jaimi Lard认为通过持续的触觉交流,她感到对方在乎这次对话和她本人,这增强了她与对方的信任,使对话更加清晰。

  • Jaimi Lard对于Protactile语言的学习和使用有哪些期望?

    -Jaimi Lard希望接受更多的Protactile语言培训,虽然她已经开始学习,但她希望能够更深入地掌握这种语言。

  • 为什么Jaimi Lard强调在Protactile语言中使用手的方式很重要?

    -Jaimi Lard认为手不仅是工具,也是她的眼睛和耳朵。因此,人们触摸她手的方式非常重要,应该避免粗鲁地抓取或拉扯,而应使用轻柔的触摸和引导。

  • Protactile语言的发展对于聋盲社区意味着什么?

    -Protactile语言的发展为聋盲社区带来了新的沟通和连接方式,它基于聋盲人的经验,创造了其他语言中不存在的新表达方式,开辟了沟通的新领域。

Outlines

00:00

🤝 Protactile:触觉语言的革新

Protactile(简称PT)是一种全新的基于触觉的沟通方式,它于2007年在聋盲社区中出现,并仍在不断发展。Jaimi Lard和她的口译员Christine Dwyer通过PT元素改进了他们的沟通方式。Jaimi是一位多元文化讲师,她通过美国手语(ASL)与他人沟通,但ASL是为有视觉的聋人设计的,对于完全看不见的人来说,很多手势在触觉上并不直观。为了解决这个问题,西雅图的一群聋盲人士在2000年代中期开始探索他们天生的触觉本能,从而发展出了PT。PT使用接收者的身体作为沟通媒介,与ASL不同,它允许接收者在不打断说话者的情况下实时传递反应和情感,这被称为“后通道”。此外,PT强调双向沟通,这对于建立联系和参与感至关重要。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡DeafBlind

DeafBlind是指那些既听不见又看不见的人。在视频中,DeafBlind社区是Protactile语言发展的主要受益者,这种语言完全基于触觉,旨在改善他们之间的沟通方式。

💡Protactile (PT)

Protactile,简称PT,是一种完全基于触觉的新语言。它在2007年在DeafBlind社区中出现,并且仍在不断发展和传播。PT使用感知者的身体作为沟通媒介,与视觉语言不同,它允许双向沟通,使接收者能够实时传递反应和情感。

💡American Sign Language (ASL)

American Sign Language,简称ASL,是美国手语,是DeafBlind人沟通的一种方式。然而,ASL是为有视力的聋人设计的,依赖于视觉,很多手势在触摸时难以理解,这导致了DeafBlind人在沟通时的误解和被动性。

💡Tactile

Tactile指的是通过触觉进行的,与视觉或听觉不同。在视频中,Jaimi Lard通过触觉来沟通,例如通过触摸来感受手语。PT语言就是基于触觉,它允许DeafBlind人通过身体接触来沟通和理解信息。

💡Backchanneling

Backchanneling是一种沟通机制,允许接收者在不打断说话者的情况下实时传递反应和情感。在视频中,Jaimi Lard提到,通过持续的触摸,她能够感受到对方在乎这次对话,这增强了她的参与感和连接感。

💡Jaimi Lard

Jaimi Lard是视频中的主要人物,她是一位DeafBlind人,同时也是Perkins盲人学校多样性演讲者。她与她的听力和视力翻译Christine Dwyer一起,将PT元素融入到他们的沟通中,展示了PT语言的实际应用。

💡Christine Dwyer

Christine Dwyer是Jaimi Lard的听力和视力翻译,她与Jaimi有着30年的友谊。在视频中,Christine通过将ASL和PT结合,帮助Jaimi更好地理解和沟通,她也是PT语言的实践者和传播者。

💡Perkins School for the Blind

Perkins School for the Blind是一所为盲人提供教育的学校。Jaimi Lard在这里工作,作为多样性演讲者,她通过自己的经历和PT语言的使用,提高了人们对DeafBlind社区的认识。

💡Autonomy

Autonomy指的是自主性,即个人独立做出决策和行动的能力。在视频中,Jaimi Lard提到,由于ASL是为有视力的聋人设计的,DeafBlind人在沟通时可能会感到被动,这影响了他们的自主性和独立性。而PT语言的双向沟通特性有助于提高他们的自主性。

💡Communication

Communication是沟通的意思,在视频中,沟通是核心主题之一。PT语言作为一种新的沟通方式,它通过触觉来克服DeafBlind人在视觉和听觉上的障碍,从而提高了他们的沟通能力和社交参与。

💡Safety

Safety指的是安全,在视频中,对于DeafBlind人来说,了解周围环境对于他们的安全至关重要。PT语言通过触觉提供了一种方式,使他们能够更清晰地感知周围环境,从而提高了他们的安全性。

Highlights

Protactile(PT)是一种全新的语言,完全基于触觉,可能改变成千上万的聋盲人的生活。

PT自2007年起在聋盲社区出现,至今仍在不断发展和传播。

Jaimi Lard和她的视觉及听力翻译员Christine Dwyer,将PT元素融入了他们的沟通方式。

Jaimi通过美国手语(ASL)进行交流,Christine负责翻译。

Jaimi出生时就是聋盲人,现在在Perkins盲人学校担任多样性演讲者。

ASL是一种视觉语言,设计用于视力良好的聋人,通过触摸感知时会失去一些意义。

PT使用感知者的身体作为沟通媒介,与ASL不同。

PT允许接收者通过一种称为“backchanneling”的机制实时传递反应和情感,而不会打断说话者。

PT的双向沟通渠道对于建立联系和参与感至关重要。

Jaimi和Christine通过触觉反馈进行交流,增强了交流的清晰度和安全感。

Jaimi强调,手不仅是工具,也是她的眼睛和耳朵,接触她手的方式非常重要。

PT作为一种年轻的语言,正在发展出基于聋盲人经验的新表达方式,这些在其他语言中是不存在的。

Jaimi希望接受更多的PT培训,以更深入地学习和掌握这种语言。

PT为聋盲人提供了一种新的沟通和连接领域。

Jaimi和Christine是成千上万接触PT的人之一,这种语言正在帮助他们更好地沟通。

PT的出现和应用,为聋盲人提供了更多的自主性和独立性。

Transcripts

play00:01

(Male narrator) This is a new language that could change

play00:04

the lives of thousands of DeafBlind people.

play00:07

(narrator) It's called Protactile, or PT,

play00:10

and it's based entirely on the sense of touch.

play00:15

(narrator) PT emerged in the DeafBlind community in 2007,

play00:19

and it's still evolving and spreading.

play00:23

I'm going to tell her I want the palm of her hand.

play00:25

(narrator) This is Jaimi Lard.

play00:27

She and her hearing and sighted interpreter, Christine Dwyer,

play00:30

have incorporated elements of PT in their communication.

play00:34

(Christine) I've known her for 30 years,

play00:36

and we have changed the way we communicate.

play00:38

(narrator) For our interview, Jaimi speaks in American Sign Language,

play00:42

which Christine interprets.

play00:43

(Jaimi interpreted) By getting it tactiley, we were able to be included in more.

play00:48

(Jaimi interpreted) So I was born deaf and blind.

play00:53

(narrator) Jaimi works as a Diversity Speaker at Perkins School for the Blind.

play00:58

(narrator) Growing up, she learned American Sign Language, or ASL.

play01:03

(narrator) That's one of the ways DeafBlind people communicate:

play01:06

by placing one's hand over the speaker's to feel what they're signing.

play01:12

(narrator) But there's a problem.

play01:14

(Jaimi interpreted) So American Sign Language is a visual language.

play01:20

(narrator) ASL is designed for sighted deaf people. It's meant to be seen.

play01:26

(narrator) And many gestures that make sense to your eyes

play01:29

make little sense when you touch them.

play01:31

(Jaimi interpreted) There were things I was misunderstanding.

play01:35

I just began to do a nod, and go along with things,

play01:38

but I wasn't always sure what I was going along with.

play01:42

(narrator) It's the type of passivity that could hurt

play01:45

DeafBlind people's autonomy and independence.

play01:49

(narrator) But in the mid-2000s,

play01:51

a group of DeafBlind people in Seattle

play01:53

realized they should explore their natural, tactile instincts,

play01:57

and PT emerged in the process.

play02:01

(narrator) Not meant for sight, PT uses the perceiver's body

play02:05

as the medium for communication.

play02:08

(narrator) Here's an example of how it's different from ASL:

play02:11

Christine will first use ASL to describe the layout of a building.

play02:16

(Christine) In the middle is the tower,

play02:19

and on the sides are two hallways.

play02:21

This one has classrooms, this side has offices.

play02:26

But if I'm going to change it to PT,

play02:30

I'm going to ask Jaimi to give her hand,

play02:33

and I can use this to draw the visual information.

play02:38

(Christine) On each side are hallways,

play02:43

with classrooms and offices.

play02:46

(Christine) You can walk in,

play02:48

and in this hallway, you're gonna go left

play02:51

to the end, and then take a right,

play02:54

and the second door on the left is the bathroom.

play02:59

(Jaimi interpreted) That's clearer.

play03:02

(narrator) And this sense of one's surroundings is vital

play03:05

for DeafBlind people's safety and autonomy.

play03:09

(narrator) Another key innovation of PT

play03:12

is its two-way communication channel

play03:14

between the speaker and the receiver.

play03:18

(narrator) This allows the receiver to transmit

play03:20

reactions and emotions in real time,

play03:22

without interrupting the speaker,

play03:25

in a mechanism called "backchanneling."

play03:29

(narrator) This reciprocal communication is crucial

play03:31

for a sense of connection and engagement.

play03:35

(narrator) During our interview, Christine and I gave tactile feedback to Jaimi.

play03:40

(narrator) Here Christine is nodding,

play03:42

and here she's laughing.

play03:45

(Jaimi interpreted) So if there was no backchanneling,

play03:48

then you kind of get distracted, because you're trying to figure out:

play03:51

Are they still with me in this conversation? Did the person turn away?

play03:55

(Jaimi interpreted) But by having a constant touch,

play03:57

it makes me feel like you care about this conversation,

play04:01

and you care about me.

play04:04

(Jaimi interpreted) So if I trust you,

play04:06

then we're going to have a much clearer conversation.

play04:11

(Jaimi, voiced by female narrator of the projected video) My hands are not only tools, they are my eyes and ears too.

play04:17

The way people touch my hands is important: Never grab or pull.

play04:21

Using a light touch and gentle guide is much more polite.

play04:25

(male narrator) Jaimi and Christine are among the thousands of people

play04:28

who have been exposed to PT.

play04:31

(narrator) As the young language grows, it's seeing new expressions

play04:34

rooted in DeafBlind people's experience

play04:37

that don't exist in any other language.

play04:40

(narrator) It's a new frontier of communication and connection.

play04:47

(Jaimi interpreted) I really want more training actually.

play04:50

I'm learning some, but I don't really have it all down in depth.

play04:55

So I'd like to certainly learn some more.

play04:58

Thank you!

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Protactile语言聋盲沟通触觉交流Jaimi LardChristine Dwyer美国手语沟通障碍自主性双向交流实时反馈语言创新社会包容
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